Manual, zvemaziso uye hydraulic guillotine. Guillotine - nayo ...

Apo "guillotine" shoko, vanhu vazhinji pakarepo pamberi pemaziso mufananidzo chakaipisisa hunobuda chirango. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti French tega nhumbi rufu. Zvechokwadi, muFrance akasika guillotine muchimiro yatinofanira vakajaira vazvione, asi asati kuti rave richishandiswa dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope. In Ireland uye Scotland kuvamba ichi chinouraya yainzi murandakadzi wokuScotland, Italy - Mandaia, Germany - Fallbeil. Nepo yakapfuura chokushandisa ichi akaita vanhu vachidedera vachibva mumwe rwaro, ratova vabatsirwe vanhu ndiko guillotine. mudziyo uyu zvino kushandiswa kutema simbi, bepa okurwadzisa uye pazvimonera.

Chii guillotine?

In chepakutanga pfungwa guillotine - a nomazviri akagura musoro, iro rinoshandiswa munyika dzakawanda dzokuEurope kuti vateme rufu. Pfuti raiva oblique banga hombe, ane uremu ranged kubva 40-100 makirogiramu uchifamba pakati tote vakapofumara. Tambo unomutswa kuti nekukwirira vanenge 3 M uye yakasimbiswa ane chihuri. Andotongerwa rufu, kupfeka pabhenji, uye musoro wake dzakabatanidzwa pakati mapuranga ari rusesi mitsipa. Lower rwakanga rwakakura uye okumusoro - inodedera uye pasi cheap car insurance. The chihuri rwakabata banga, akavhura chaiye mhikuriso uye akawira kumhanya zvakananga pamitsipa akuvara, ndokusaka rufu akauya pakarepo.

The vakatanga kuuraya Ezvemutauro

Kwenguva refu muFrance matsotsi vakapiswa padanda, quartered kana akasungirirwa, chete ropafadzo vanhu vakaurayiwa kwokuparadza misoro yavo nedemo kana munondo, kuderedza kutambura kwavo. Dr. Guillotin, uyo aiva nhengo National Assembly muna 1791 kekutanga aida kuenda kuurayiwa zvakafanana nokusaita kupatsanura vanhu kupinda zvavo uye vairemekedzwa. Maererano naye, guillotine - iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa uderedze mhosva murume kubva marwadzo mumuviri uye mupfungwa, sechinhu nokukurumidza rinosundwa uye vafe panyaya mumasekonzi.

The runoenzanirana zvakataurwa Jean Guillotin mu ari Constituent Assembly akatanga muna 1789. Izvi zvakateverwa yakawanda makakatanwa, asi kuguma vakawanda nhengo abvumirana chiremba, uye muna 1791 iri nzira kuurayiwa akanga pamutemo nezvevanakomana weCriminal Code. Chokutanga, nokupondwa chombo akaedzwa pamusoro cadavers, asi muchirimo 1792 akatora mutongo rokutanga Pachinzvimbo of Greve mukushandisa mashandiro ichi. Kwenguva refu Ndaidavira kuti muvambi yacho guillotine kutambura kubva chete pakusikwa kwayo, asi hachisi chokwadi. Guillotin akafa zvoga muna 1814.

Kushandiswa guillotine mu Europe

Vazhinji hunhu vanozivikanwa musoro guillotine. Chishandiso rwerufu vakapararira munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, asi kupfuura zvose vakatambura kubva French. Panguva French Revolution, matsotsi akawanda aiva gilotirovany mashandiro ichi sezvo huru nhumbi kurangwa yaishandiswa kusvikira 1981. MuGermany, guillotine kwainzi huru mhando rufu kusvikira 1949. mashandiro German siyanei kubva French, ndakava winch itakurwe banga, hunyambiri simbi mbiru uye akanga ezasi zvikuru. Pfuti vaishingaira kushandiswa muNazi Germany kuti musoro matsotsi.

Nhoroondo guillotine yave avasakadza kuItaly. Muna 1819, mashandiro ichi kwave kuchizivikanwa sezvo huru pakaurayirwa. The matsotsi vakanga musoro pedyo Castel Sant'Angelo kuna Piazza del people. guillotine Roman aiva pachavo zvachiri muna design: chisina kutsetseka "gripe" Svinai mutumbi mhosva munhu uye achirurama reza. nguva Last yaishandiswa muzhizha 1870, pashure rakanga rarambidzwa. Cayenne kubva XVIII kusvika XX remakore yaiva nzvimbo mujeri uranda uye nhapwa vasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika. Munzvimbo iyi inopisa zvikuru kazhinji kuparadzira kwazvo nefivha uye kurarama pano zvakanga zvisingatomboiti. Sinnamary mujeri rinonzi "pakaoma guillotine."

Guillotine Chinyorwa

Zvinotyisa nguva, apo vanhu vakanga musoro kuti kuchangotanga mhosva, vari refu vaenda, uye zvino ndiyo nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa Dr. Guillotin kubatsira vanhu. Kucheka muchina zvishandiso kurerutsa basa vanamazvikokota kakawanda. Nheyo kucheka zvinhu zvakavakirwa panheyo kushanda wokutanga mashandiro. The guillotine muchina wakaradzikwa yakaderera banga wakaiswa, saka akatarisa akafanana peya chigero uye zvakawanda. Zvichienderana kushandiswa, kukura uye Ukobvu zvinhu akashandisa marudzi akasiyana guillotines. The nyore izvi chinhu Chinyorwa chisarudzo.

muchina uyu anoita kuvonga kuti mhikuriso-chitubu mashandiro. Manual guillotine Zvisinei ndicho midziyo nyore hakurevi chinhu artful kumonyanisa asi yakakurumbira zvikuru indasitiri. Achibatsirwa wake akagerwa mapurasitiki, marata machira, makobvu makadhibhokisi, rabha, plexiglass. The muchina zvakanaka kuti nokuti kushanda hakusi zvakakodzera kupa mamwe pakukurukurirana, izvozvo hakurevi magetsi kushanda chero nzvimbo, uye zviri kakawanda kunoderedza mari kushanda.

zvokuimba guillotine

Machine maturusi kunge rikaratidzwa kuva divi rakanaka. In tsika zvakanga kuongorora rakavimbika midziyo kuti kwete chete zvakanaka uye zvakarurama mabasa, asi kungonyanya simba shoma. The mashandiro akatasva ari driveshaft paakadzinga banga. Kuburikidza panaakabatanidzwa pamwechete nayo inopinda torque. Sam flywheel ari zvayaitenderera paguyo pedyo injini.

hydraulic Guillotine

Zvombo zvakadaro dzinowanzotsigi- kushandiswa kwenzira uye makuru akaitwa, sezvo ane guru kukura, inodhura uye zvakafanira kuti kugadzirwa conveyor zvokunyama. Hydraulic guillotine nyore kurarama siyana ukobvu simbi. High-zvakarurama mutsetse uye hombe hydraulic muchina chendangariro mhedziso nemazvo pamusoro vakatongoparadzwa. The simbi pepa pamusoro yose urefu chekawo ndee clamping hydraulic sepombi, asi musiyano uri pakati zvipande inofanira kuchinja mechanically.

Metal Guillotine

Guillotine michina Anonyanyowanika kushandiswa processing simbi rwakapetwa, achicheka kupinda rinoparadza, achicheka jira iri transverse uye longitudinal negwara. Handheld midziyo inogona kubata nyore vasiri ferrous simbi (zingi, aruminiyamu, mhangura uye alloys) uye simbi pamwe matetetete. Achitema zvinhu mukobvu vari mubasa hydraulic, zvemaziso, pneumatic, electromechanical michina.

Guillotine unobereka mvere micheto chekawo pasina cheek kana zvimwe deformations. Kana kucheka jira kushoma matongo, kunyange zviitiko apo dzakasiyana-siyana zvakaoma chimiro. On muchina kwakadaro kunoita kuti kucheka kunyange kupendwa simbi unhani haaiti Chip kana akaremara. Vamwe midziyo anogona kubviswa sikweya, chisina kutsetseka, kumativi simbi. Guillotine michina vanogonawo akatema guru wemagazini zvinhu.

Guillotine Paper

Paaisika munhu Paper-kutema zvokushandisa, zvakare, paiva kushandisa runotyisa nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa Dr. Guillotin. Zvichienderana chinangwa rinoshandiswa uye kusvika papi, kusiyanisa pakati zvemaziso, magetsi, Chinyorwa uye hydraulic marudzi zvivako. Guillotine bepa iri kunyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri akamboona. Hazvina kunaka kuti yakanaka achicheka guru muzvikochikari bepa kusvika 800 machira.

A banga mashandiro anocheka ari faibha, pane kuda kwavo, zvinokwanisika nokuda sangano Tsanga yacho yaichekwa. Guillotine anocheka volumetric chokubuda bepa, achikusiyirai akachekwa yakachena zvakakwana, uye ichi ndicho ayo mukuru nani. Kuti uvandudze kushanda midziyo, inosimbiswa lineup, otomatiki zvenzara uye kusimbisa cutoff mutsetse. Uyezve, kana zvichikodzera, chimwe muchina, unogona yokurodza banga.

Guillotine nokuti pazvimonera

The zita nezvaizoita pakaurayirwa, zvichida mune chibhende pfungwa yeshoko rakashandiswa kureva mano kuti achicheka muromo fodya. Kwenguva refu nguva ino, shandisa mapanga kana chigero, asi havana kupa izvozvo, aunopiwa guillotine. Chimonera vane namahwindo magumo, zvaitwa kuchengetedza yepakutanga yeshoko fodya. Historical maonero guillotine zvikuru kufanana pakombiyuta dzakasiyana, kunyange pane Handheld (inotakurika) mudziyo. Vane rakanakira kushandiswa mune zvakafanana mukamuri kana kumba.

Cigar kamwe pa zvishoma nesimba, guillotine anoita akagerwa mvere, nokuti izvo uchisvuta anowana mufaro kubva muitiro, nekuti haana jerky kumeso fema uye exhale. Portable guillotines vari one- uye miviri-mativi. Dzemwenje yakapinza, saka deformation pamusoro fodya shizha panobviswa. Simple mushandisi ndiyo yakanakisisa kushandisa guillotine bilateral, yaitsigira divi kusvika kune vanatenzi.