Mesoderm - iri aizotangira zvakawanda nadzo uye nyama

Ontogeny chero nhengo inozivikanwa paumbwe utachiona akaturikidzana. Kwakadaro chinyakare mhando dzemhuka kufanana coelenterates uye sechipanji musimboti ine akaturikidzana maviri chete: kuti endoderm uye ectoderm. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvikuru mberi siyana zvipenyu, pane chidimbu rechitatu mapepa - the mesoderm.

Chii mesoderm?

Ontogeny chinhu sequential kuvandudzika embryo, izvo pamwe anoverengeka zvachinja Morphology uye anatomi remangwana muduku muviri. Mesoderm - iri embryo mashizha, iyo inoita basa rinokosha pakugadzirwa zhinji nadzo uye munyama. mhuka chinyakare kwakadaro zvipuka zvine masero akawanda sezvinoita hydra, muramba, korari kana sechipanji haisi chinhu inonzi bilayer mhuka, t. To. In nedanho ontogenesis dzisingadi maviri chete utachiona akaturikidzana.

mesoderm inotungamirwa

Muitiro nokuisa pakati utachiona rukoko akasiyana taxonomic mumapoka akasiyana. Kune zvitatu zvikuru yaizivikanwa nzira umo aumba mesoderm: yacho teloblastichesky, uye ectodermal enterocoel.

1. Teloblastichesky mesoderm kukura nzira kwese vazhinji protostomes mhuka, uye anobva paumbwe blastomeres. Vamwe vavo dzidzira paakapa pakati utachiona layer iyo pakupedzisira anotora chimiro maviri longitudinal inofambirana rinoparadza. matepi aya uye kukonzera kuti mesoderm.
2. enterocoel nzira Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo pakuti aizotangira masero ari mesoderm kuumba intussusception (invagination) pamwe endoderm. invagination ichi anoumba chikuru ura mune ramangwana. Muganhu pakati maviri machira refu inoramba indiscernible, uye chete pashure refu penguva mesoderm sechinhu yoga rukoko detaches kubva endoderm. nzira iyi pakukura runozivisa mhuka dzakadai lancelet kana Starfish.

3. nzira ectodermal mesodermal vane mhando izvi remhuka, dzakadai zvinokambaira, shiri, mhuka (kusanganisira murume). Chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti chete endoderm achiumbwa mushure invagination. Kana isu fungidzira mufananidzo embryo mashoko akapoteredza, pashure gastrulation (inotungamirwa invaginations ose) vakasununguka nzvimbo pakati ento- uye ectoderm kuoneka. Pane uye "maruva" pakati ectodermal mavambo masero kuti kukonzera mutsva paiva embryo.

The Morphology of mesoderm

A guru muchinangwa paumbwe embryo mesoderm dambe. Ichi yakanaka shanduka zvipenyu chiratidzo, nokuti musiyano iri Morphology yapakati utachiona rukoko dzakasiyana mapoka ezvipfuwo zvaishandiswa systematics.

Kana tikafunga maviri longitudinal zvisungo, ayo inoumbwa teloblasticheskom kwadzinoita kukura, kuti mesoderm zvichakurukurwa zvikamu metamerically yokudzokorora.. The divi dorsal kuti bhandi mumwe akadaro rakakamurwa somites, divi - pamusoro nephrotomy uye abdominal - pamusoro splanchnotome.

Rei anoita mesoderm? Human nhengo aumba kubva mesoderm

Mumwe nucleation rukoko rudzi aizotangira ose nenhengo dzawo uye nyama ramangwana muviri. Topology Anoumba machira zvikuru anosarudza dambudziko ravo. Sezvo mesoderm -. Ko paavhareji mbeu layer nayo rinobatanidzwa paumbwe nyama uye nhengo, izvo riri pakati Mabutiro murume uye yomukatikati akaturikidzana muviri. Chii Zvivako vane mesodermal mavambo?

1. connective zvinyama inotungamirwa rinongova rimwe mesoderm masero. jira Ndiwo muganhu pakati wokunze uye yomukati akaturikidzana kuti chero nhengo hwemhuka.
2. Zvetsandanyama nemapfupa hurongwa chine marangwanda uye tsandanyama gadziriro anewo mesodermal mavambo. Pano tine haurangariri chete skeletal tsandanyama asiwo tsandanyama rusvingo midziyo ropa, mwoyo uye nezvimwe zvomukati uye ezvirevo. The marangwanda rinomiririrwa muvanhu kunyanya nokuda pfupa rinenge uye muduku - kuti shwashwa tishu. Kana totaura chordates, pagungano embryo Danho, inova paumbwe imwe Chord, mumwe haafaniri kunyonganisa kwakabva axial nemamiriro nomuzongoza. Kana yokupedzisira ndezvechokwadi mesodermal mavambo, kuti Chord - ndiyo kubviswa pakati ura, izvo zvinoreva kuti ayo mavambo ari chokuita endoderm.
3. Kushungurudzwa uye excretory gadziriro uyewo kuumbwa kubva mesoderm. Vari chordates akawanda ukama mumwe, uye saka, muri aumba kubva chete utachiona rukoko.
4. Mesodermal mavambo ane kweropa hurongwa. Sezvo mwoyo uye ropa midziyo vari inoumbwa masero yapakati utachiona rukoko.

mhedziso

Mesoderm - omei chivakwa pamusoro sechivako embryo kuti pakupedzisira anopa kukonzera dzakawanda dzinokosha nhengo uye munyama. Akasiyana taxonomic mapoka mhuka, paumbwe uye kukura pakati mashizha yakasiyana, uye ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu shanduka zvatariswa. Kuvapo mesoderm kunongedzera-rukoko matatu mhuka kuti chiratidzo wakasimba yemhando mapoka.