Mibvunzo ipi inopindurwa nenzira rechiito? Rechiito inopindura mibvunzo ... verbs Table

The kudzidza mutauro wokuRussia muzvikoro yechipiri inosanganisira kujairirana mukukurukurirana sezvo rechiito. Mashoko api muri boka iri, uye mibvunzo ipi inopindurwa nenzira rechiito, vana vachadzidza mugiredhi rechipiri. Asi usati watanga kuti kuongorora nyaya iyi, zvakakosha kuti tinyatsoziva nerondedzero chesayenzi, rinobuda chinhu chakadai: rechiito - ndiwo mumwe mukuru pasina zvinokosha zvikamu kutaura kuti inoratidza chiito yaibereka nyaya. Kazhinji inogona kutaurwa nehurumende (kugara), pfuma (ndandama), kuremekedza (vakaenzana), uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kuva chiratidzo (kutendeukira rwebhuruu).

Chii chinonzi kuitika chokuti?

Kutanga kubva mukirasi wechipiri, vadzidzi vachadzidza kuti rechiito anopindura mibvunzo zvokuita? kana zvokuita? Hazvina chimiro ichi chiito chiri kuitika chokuti. Mune mamwe manzwi, ndiye ane nokusingagumi chimiro, iro rine nokusingaperi vavanongogara zviratidzo. Words kuti mibvunzo rechiito nokusingagumi chimiro, mutsetse anogona kuva:

• Subject. Somuenzaniso: kudzidza ose anobatsira.
• Predicate. Somuenzaniso: Kuti ave mvura.
• Uyezve. Somuenzaniso: zvose akamukumbira kuti vatambe.
• Definition. Somuenzaniso: Mudzimai aiva uchida risingadzivisiki kudya.
• Ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso: Ndakaenda famba.

Ndechipi transitive uye intransitive verbs?

Kutsunga transitive rechiito kunoratidza kuti chikamu ichi kutaura angava anokwanisa kupesvedzera akabatanidza pazita, kuchinja ayo accusative ari genitive. Zviri ichi chinowanikwa mashoko rinoratidza chiito, inonzi iitike. Somuenzaniso:

Verenga bhuku - pazita. muna V. p., kutsigira mashoko.

Regai verenga mabhuku - pazita. muna F. p. akaipa chimiro zvinotaura.

Vamwe verbs vari intransitive, vazhinji vavo vanonzi zvisina kunanga-iitike.

Recoverability uye tinongorarama kwemakore mashoma verbs

Kana rechiito anopindura mibvunzo zvokuita? kana zvokuita? uye magadzirirwo ayo ane preformative Xia suffix: kuseka, vanozvikudza, vachitya kuti kudzidza, kuwana, kugutsa, verbs izvi dzinonzi idzokororo. Kazhinji, nezvimiro izvi zvinobviswa verbs pasina Xia (kudzidzisa, wekuti, kuwana), asi kwete nguva dzose, pane verbs kuti vasina mufananidzo wechinhu (vanozvikudza, kuseka, vachitya). Reflexivo verbs ingatakura akawanda zvirevo matanho:

• zvainanga zvinotevera: customized, kuwacha, mizinga, kugerwa;
• Kutsigirana mugumisiro maviri kana kupfuura nyaya: kudanana akashivirira ndimbondotsvoda;
• zvavakaita udyire: kuvaka, rongedza;
• private sangano wehurumende: kunetseka, kufara, kunge kunonakidza, vanotsamwa;
• vanoshingaira zvinogona chinoratidza munhu: nokuruma (nokuruma anogona);
• zvinogona pusa chinhu chinokosha: anorova (anogona kuputsa);
• impersonality chiratidzo: wakafanana, rima, nyemba.

Kazhinji, vose reflexivo verbs havasi zvinopfuura, asi pane kunze: kutya, nyara baba.

Perfect uye kukwana siyana verbs

Zvichienderana zvachose morphological chikabviswa chokuita hunhu kuyerera chiito kana kuparadzirwa kwayo nguva, verbs vanogona kuva akakwana (CB) uye asina kukwana chimiro (PDR).

Saka, mibvunzo ipi inopindurwa rechiito CB? The kuitika chokuti iri mubvunzo chii kuita? Kazhinji, vana tsanangudzo chiito mhando iyi inogona apedza (kuverenga) kana kwasvika vamwe muganhu (kuderedza uremu) chitarisiko. Kazhinji, verbs izvi kutsanangura chokwadi. Somuenzaniso: Pane chando, kwaitonhora uye Zvakafanana nokuwa kwechando.

Nomumukanwa mashoko inogona yakawana kushandiswa rechiito ndorwechokwadi zvichipi- zviito. Somuenzaniso: Ndizvo kwaari: vanoseka, anochema.

Panguva iyoyowo, kana mashoko indeterminate chimiro (NCW), zvino vanogona kupindura mubvunzo zvokuita? Mashoko aya hadzibudisi yakakwana kana zvasvika imwe pfungwa chiito. Zvisinei, verbs izvi anoshandiswa kakawanda, uye anogona kuva nezvaanoreva akawanda:

• Action somunhu kwacho. Somuenzaniso: Pane akauya mangwanani yechirimo, zuva richipenya uye chando nokukurumidza yakarukutika.
• Dzokororo chiito. Somuenzaniso: Mudzimai kazhinji achifunga.
• Kugara reshiyo mumwe pasi mumwe. Somuenzaniso: Lenin uye Pushkin Streets piringisha.
• Anofanana ukoshi SW. Somuenzaniso: Ndakaverenga nyaya ino. - ndakatoiverenga kuverenga nyaya ino.

mafungiro verbs

Dzokufunga verbs ndiyo impermanent morphological chinoratidza uye ane mhando nhatu: INDICATIVE, zvinokosha uye SUBJUNCTIVE. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoratidza ukama hunokosha kuita zvevakomana.

Saka, mashoko anoratidza manzwiro inorondedzera chiito chaicho kwakatoitika, zviri kuitika iye zvino kana zvichaitika mune ramangwana. On hwaro ichi, tinogona kutaura, mibvunzo ipi inopindurwa rechiito anoratidza manzwiro: zvokuita? ipi? uye chii ndichazviita?

The inotodiwa rechiito, kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, kuti zvinokosha, chokwadi, ndizvo zvakasimbisa kuita amarudzi. Zvinogona munyengetero, chikumbiro kana ndarayira. Kungofanana ari INDICATIVE mwoyo, zvinokosha verbs angachinja kubvira nguva nenguva. Paumbwe mashoko akadaro kunogona kuitika chete suffix -u kana kwete. Uyewo, manzwiro aya verbs ingava yakazonaka uye muzvizhinji. Zero nekuguma inoratidza kuti iri shoko risiri iro anopindura mibvunzo yacho kutanga rechiito: zvokuita? Kana unogona kuziva magumo-avo, kuti ndiye muuzhinji. Somuenzaniso: Ngwarirai - ndinovachengeta, enda - enda ugare - gara.

SUBJUNCTIVE, kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, zvimiso, zvinoreva chiito chakadaro, izvo kuchaitika chete mune zvimwe ezvinhu kana zvinhu. verbs kwakadaro dzokufunga inoumbwa achabatanidza zvacho kusvikira rechiito yakapfuura nguva. Somuenzaniso: kuenda, kusvika pakuziva.

Kuchinja verbs nguva nenguva

Time, uyewo mafungiro, asiri wechigarire morphological inoti, zviri pakutsvaga nguva apo mubvunzo pamusoro imwe chiito. Saka, kana zviito zviri Parizvino pane mubvunzo kwakatoitika, zviri rapfuura nguva, kana zviri kuitika iye zvino - zvino, uye kana iri chete aronga - remangwana.

In nokuumbwa verbs, zvatoitika rinoshandiswa ari suffix -n: misha, akaona uye akaziva, uye zvichingodaro. Kushandisa mashoko dzaanofanira ino nguva, vanogona kushandisa kuti zviitiko. Uye nguva ino hapana imperfective verbs, izvo wakatozviitirwa ambotaurwa chete. Somuenzaniso: Akafunga kuti yakanga ichitungamirira.

Mibvunzo verbs musi anogona kutsanangura tsika dzakasiyana:

• Nguva dzose: Kalmius runoyerera muGungwa Azov.
• Enderana dzokororo: Anogara anoverenga rungano manheru.
• Anotarisirwa chiratidzo: Vamwe katsi muvare.

Hazvina kuoma kuti zvokufungidzira chii anopindura mibvunzo nezvichazoitika rechiito, nokuti kunoratidza chiito kuti zvichaitika pashure hurukuro nezvazvo. Somuenzaniso: mangwanani ndinoenda kumusika.

vanhu verbs

Verbs vari INDICATIVE inotodiwa mune ramangwana uye ino nguva kunogona kuva kudaro kusagadzikana morphological unhu somunhu rinoreva munhu vakaita chiito. In zvachose mune 3 chiso chimiro:

• 1st munhu - Mugadziri nezvezvakaitwa unotaura naye;
• 2nd munhu - the chiito akaita avo vanoteerera narrator;
• 3rd munhu - matanho vagadziri havabatanidzwi kukurukura.

Verbs, umo munogona kuziva munhu anonzi pachavo. Vsluchae kana munhu anogona haangasimbiswi, risiri shoko rechiito. Somuenzaniso: Iri kwava kusviba, mambakwedza, rima.

conjugation pamusoro verbs

Kuchinja verbs nokuti munhu uye nhamba inonzi conjugation.

Zviri verbs mutauro Russian ane mashoko anogona kureva zvose rokutanga uye rechipiri conjugation (zvichienderana zvavo). verbs yakadaro inonzi irregularly conjugated.