Mufananidzo Napoleon kuti yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" by NdiTolstoy

Lev Nikolaevich NdiTolstoy kudzidza muna 1867 kushanda yokufungidzira ake "Hondo uye Rugare". Zvakaitika 1805 uye 1812 vake, uyewo vatungamiriri vemauto ariita kushora France uye Russia ndiyo musoro basa.

Kufanana ose vanoda rugare munhu, NdiTolstoy akashora kanga. Akanga nharo nevaya vari ruvengo "runako chinokatyamadza." Munyori rinowanikwa tsananguro zviitiko muna 1805 sechinhu munyori uye pacifist. Zvisinei, kutaura pamusoro pehondo 1812, Leo chinoita kare uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika chinzvimbo.

Mufananidzo Napoleon uye Kutuzov

Vakasikwa nemufananidzo Napoleon uye Kutuzov yokufungidzira - wakajeka pakati nhungamiro rakashandiswa mufananidzo NdiTolstoy nemifananidzo kare. Kwete vose vanotaurwa uwirirane chaidzo prototypes. NdiTolstoy haana kuvimbisa kuti, kuswedera yakavimbika inonzi Portraits pamusoro nenhamba idzi, kusika yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare". Napoleon, Kutuzov nevamwe vatambi vanoita zvikurukuru sezvo vatakuri pfungwa. Isingawanikwe mabasa mazhinji kwazvo-nezvaanoziva. Akawedzeredzwa zvimwe unhu vaviri mukuru (semuenzaniso, passivity uye kurasika pfungwa Kutuzova posturing uye narcissistic Napoleon). Kuongorora French uye Russian mukuru mukuru, uyewo mamwe evanhu, NdiTolstoy rinoshanda vasingaiti tsika zvinodiwa. Mufananidzo Napoleon kuti yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" - dingindira ino.

The mambo French ndiyo zvinyorwa zvokupikisa pamusoro Kutuzov. Kana Mihaila Illarionovicha anogona kunzi akanaka gamba nguva, mufananidzo Tolstogo Napoleon ndiyo huru Anti-gamba iri chigadzirwa "Hondo uye Rugare".

Portrait of Napoleon

NdiTolstoy anosimbisa zvausingakwanisi uye chivimbo nemutungamiriri, chiri pachena dzose ake mashoko, kushandisa dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri uye zviito. Portrait of Napoleon chibhende. Ane "pfupi", "stouter" mufananidzo "mafuta nechiuno", fussy, kukurumidza gait, "chena pamutsipa dzizere", "kumativi dumbu", "gobvu pamafudzi." Ndizvo mufananidzo Napoleon kuti yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare". Richirondedzera mangwanani chimbuzi French Emperor pamberi Borodino hondo Leo nemafungiro aya nokuzivisa akazvitanga asian hunhu zvechadenga chepakuvamba iri chigadzirwa, inowedzerawo. Kesari "achidzidziswa muviri," "vashoma vane mafuta mazamu," "yeyero" uye "kuzvimba" chiso. Mashoko aya anoratidza kuti Napoleon Bonaparte ( "Hondo uye Rugare") aiva murume kure kushanda upenyu uye mutorwa zvavo midzi. Mutungamiri French inoratidza narcissistic egomaniac uyo anofunga kuteerera zvose zvakasikwa. Nokuti iye, vanhu hadzibudisi kufarira.

maitiro Napoleon kwakaita, tsika yake kutaura

Mufananidzo Napoleon kuti yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" kunoratidzwa kwete chete airehwa ake. Nomutowo ake kutaura uye maitiro dzinoratidzawo kuburikidza Narcissism uye zvausingakwanisi. Akanga nechokwadi kwake shasha uye ukuru. Zvakanaka - chii akapinda musoro wake, uye kwete chii chaizvoizvo zvakanaka, sezvo NdiTolstoy akati. Muna yokufungidzira, mumwe panowanikwa chimiro ichi pamwe yemunyori tsitsi rinotsanangura. Somuenzaniso, muna vhoriyamu rechitatu (chikamu chitsauko rechitanhatu chokutanga) NdiTolstoy akanyora kuti zvaiva pachena kuti munhu akanga kufarira rinowanikwa chete mupfungwa dzake naye.

In basa rake "Hondo uye Rugare" anozivikanwa hunhu Napoleon seinotevera mashoko. Nomucheka ndyaringo, izvo dzimwe nguva ichichinja kutsvinya, munyori debunks kutaura kuti kwaizoita nyika yose Bonaparte, uyewo ake nokuita, nguva dzose abvunza kuti kare. Nguva dzose, mambo French muchinangwa mashoko ake uye maitiro akanga hapana dzinongoitika uye nyore. Izvi zvinoratidzwa dzinonyatsotiratidza chaizvo Lvom Nikolaevichem ari muchimiro apo vayemura Borodino munda mufananidzo mwanakomana wake. In nzira yake Napoleon kuti yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" awana mamwe mashoko anokosha chaizvo. We tsanangura chiitiko ichi zvishoma.

The Chiitiko pamwe mufananidzo mwanakomana Napoleon raMwari

Napoleon akafamba pamusoro kuti kupenda, vachifunga kuti zvaachaita, uye achati zvino kuti "pane nyaya." Portrait anoratidzwa mwanakomana mambo, akanga achitamba mune kapu uye bhora pasi pose. Zvisinei, izvi anoratidza ukuru mutungamiriri French, Napoleon aida kuratidza "sababa unyoro." Chokwadi, ichi chaiva yakaisvonaka nokuita. Napoleon haana kutaura pano hapana manzwiro wose, iye chete litsedeystvoval, akabvunza kuti nhoroondo. Chiitiko ichi chinoratidza zvokuzvikudza murume vaidavira kuti Russia zvose ruchakundwa pamwe kukunda of Moscow uye kuitwa nenzira yakadaro ake urongwa yokutongwa pamusoro yose nyika.

Napoleon - mutambi uye mutambi

Uye nhamba kwohumwe Zvikamu tsanangudzo Napoleon kuti ( "Hondo uye Rugare") kunoratidza kuti iri mutambi uye mutambi. Anoti ari avaida Hondo Borodino kuti wechesi kwaitwa, mutambo ichatanga mangwana. Pazuva rokurwa, NdiTolstoy anoti mushure pfuti kurira kwepfuti, "Game pamusoro." Uyezve, munyori anoratidza kuti yakatanga arasikirwe ezviuru zvevanhu. Prince Andrew anofunga kuti hondo - ichi hachisi mutambo asi faniro utsinye. A vangasimudzira zvakasiyana yokusvika nayo kwaiva mufungo mumwe protagonists mabasa "Hondo uye Rugare". mufananidzo Napoleon iri wakaiswa kure Handimupinduri ichi. Prince Andrew akaratidza maonero ake pamusoro rugare vanhu, uyo akamanikidzwa, pasi aakatipa ezvinhu, kutora zvombo nokuda uranda kukanganisa chikuru pamusoro yechizvarigo.

Comic chaizvoizvo zvinoberekwa mambo French

Hazvina basa Napoleon waiva mberi pake, sezvo zvaiita kuti nyika yose kwaienderana chete zvaanoda. Mubvunzo uyu anopa NdiTolstoy ari pechiitiko musangano pamwe Balashev ake ( "Hondo uye Rugare"). Mufananidzo Napoleon mairi yoku- mutsva mashoko. NdiTolstoy anosimbisa musiyano pakati Kesari uye ake nonentity mukuru nokuzviremekedza. Comic kunetsana kuti unovapo iyi nyaya - yakanakisisa uchapupu maturo uye kusabetsera ichi chaiye, uyo anonyepera kuva simba uye simba.

nyika Napoleon kunamata

Mukunzwisisa NdiTolstoy yokumudzimu mutungamiri nyika French - iri "chakagadzirwa nyika" inogarwa "zvipoko youkuru" (Volume Matatu, Part Two, Chapter 38). Kutaura zvazviri, Napoleon mupenyu uchapupu akwegura chokwadi kuti "mambo muranda nhoroondo" (Volume Matatu, Part One, Chapter 1). Tichifunga kuti anoita zvaanoda, ichi chaiye ari chete kuridza "inorema", "zvinosuruvarisa" uye "utsinye", "utsinye basa" iro rakanga raitirwa. Kashoma aigona kuita, kana murume uyu akanga asina zvasvibiswa hana uye pfungwa (Volume Matatu, Part Two, Chapter 38). Munyori anoona aberration ari mukuru mukuru kuti nemaune kwakamutsa callousness yomudzimu, iyo rakundwa sezvo ukuru wechokwadi uye ushingi.

Somuenzaniso, muna vhoriyamu rechitatu (chikamu mbiri, chitsauko 38) inoti kuti aifarira kubata vakakuvadzwa uye akafa, nokudaro muchizviedza simba ravo rokufunga (sezvo Napoleon akatenda). In ndataura, apo rwizi Neman akayambuka dzechikwata pakati Polish lancers, uye mubatsiri mumaziso ake regai pachake kubhadharwa kuti kuzvipira kuna Poles pfungwa Kesari Napoleon akadana Berthier kwaari uye akatanga kufamba naye pamwe kumahombekombe, kupa murayiro uye kugutsikana nguva nenguva Anodongorera panguva achinyudza Uhlans, uyo vakagamuchira kutarisirwa. Nokuti iye, rufu - Zvinorema uye zvakafanana kuona. Napoleon zvinotora serinokosha udyire kuna pachavo varwi vavo.

Napoleon - zvikuru vasingafari murume

NdiTolstoy anosimbisa kuti murume uyu akanga chaizvo asingafari, asi haana kuona ichi chete nokuda kusavapo kupfuura dzimwe tsika pfungwa. "Great" Napoleon, "European Hero" tsika bofu. Haangagoni kunzwisisa kana runako, kana chakanaka kana chokwadi, kana kukosha nezviito zvake, iyo, sezvo Lev NdiTolstoy anoti, vaiva "ichingoshora runako uye chokwadi," "kure kwose kwevanhu." Napoleon aisagona kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nezviito zvake (kusanganisira wechitatu, chikamu maviri, chitsauko 38). Kuti vauye chokwadi uye runako, ari mafungiro munyori, zvinogona chete kuti vakaramba vari zvekufungidzira noukuru unhu hwake. Zvisinei, nokuti "umhare" chiito kwakadaro hakusi unokwanisa Napoleon.

Napoleon basa nokuda kwezvaakaita kwavari

Pasinei chokwadi kuti chichatadza kuridza kunaka basa munhau, NdiTolstoy haadi kutapudza yetsika basa munhu pamusoro pemabasa avo ose kwavari. Anonyora kuti Napoleon zvisinei aida "kwete kusununguka", "zvinosuruvarisa" basa kuuraya vemarudzi mazhinji,, nechokwadi pachavo kuti vabatsirwe chaiva chinangwa zviito zvake uye kuti aigona kutarisira uye kutungamirira yemberi yevanhu vakawanda kuita maererano mabasa ake esimba. Napoleon vaifungidzira kuti hondo Russia kwakaitika nechido chake, mwoyo wake haana kurova chinokatyamadza nokuzadzikiswa (Volume Matatu, Part Two, Chapter 38).

Napoleon chigadzirwa mhando vatambi

Mune mamwe magamba chigadzirwa yepamusoro Napoleonic Leo rinobatanidza pamwe kushaya hunhu tsika pfungwa (somuenzaniso, Helen), kana nezvinhu zvavo inosuruvarisa zvikanganiso. Saka, sezvo jaya muropa pfungwa rechiFrench mambo Per Bezuhov akagara muMoscow kuti vamuuraye uye vave nokudaro "Mununuri wevanhu." Mukutanga nzendo upenyu hwomudzimu Andrey Bolkonsky akarota hwokukurira vamwe, kunyange kana uchida kuti vape mhuri iyi uye mhuri. Nemufananidzo Leo NdiTolstoy Napoleonism - chirwere ngozi kuti kunoparadzanisa vanhu. Zvinoita kuti vadzungaire tinongoita pamusoro zvomudzimu "kubvisa-nomugwagwa".

Mufananidzo Napoleon uye Kutuzov vanyori

NdiTolstoy anoti dzekare vakarumbidza Napoleon, vachifunga kuti akanga ari mukuru kwazvo, uye Kutuzov ari kupomerwa kungokurumidza kungogara uye uto akundikana. Kutaura zvazviri, French Emperor yakatanga muna 1812 nedutu basa. Iye fussed famba, akarayira kuti iye nevamwe zvaiita penya. In shoko, murume uyu vakaita kuti vave "guru wavarwi." Picture of chete Kutuzov muna NdiTolstoy kwete kunoenderana pfungwa shasha, wakatorwa panguva. Writer nemaune exaggerates decrepitude kwayo. Saka, Kutuzov munguva rechiuto kanzuru asingagari kukotsira kuitira kuratidza "kuzvidza mafungiro", asi nokungoti aida kurara (Volume One, Part Three, Chapter 12). Mukuru mukuru haapi mirairo. Iye chete rinotsigira chinyi anofunga musoro uye asinganzwisisi zvose kurambwa. Kutuzov haatsvaki hondo, kwete kuita chinhu. It Kutuzov kanzuru pana Fili, kuramba kwekunze vakadzikama, angasarudza kuenda kuMoscow, mutengo iye mukuru nokurwadziwa mupfungwa.

Chii chinoratidza rapanzvimbo munhu wechokwadi, maererano NdiTolstoy?

Munenge ose muhondo Napoleon, Kutuzov uyewo varasikirwa nezvinhu zvose. Zvipingamupinyi kutendera mauto wokuRussia uye Red Berezina. Zvisinei, akanga iye kukakunda hondo pasi murayiro wehondo, "rechiuto shasha." NdiTolstoy rinosimbisa kuti dzekare vakazvipira Napoleon, tenda kuti munhu mukuru, gamba yakanga chete. Maererano navo, nokuti munhu unokosha ichi hazvigoni kuva zvakaipa uye wakanaka. Mufananidzo Napoleon mumabhuku kazhinji wataurwa angled ichi. Beyond tsika nzira, maererano nevanyori siyana, ndizvo zviito omunhu mukuru. kare izvi nevanyori, kunyange ndege unonyadzisa kubva hondo mambo French vanofungidzirwa sezvo chiito kutobaya. Maererano NdiTolstoy chaizvo unhu haina kuyerwa rapanzvimbo "venhema Zvituko" siyana dzekare. Great zvenhoroondo nhema ukuru munhu akafanana Napoleon ( "Hondo uye Rugare"). Quotes mabasa akatiratidza kuzvitsigira. NdiTolstoy akawana ukuru kwechokwadi Mikhail Kutuzov Illarionovich, mwero mushandi nyaya.