Mumagariro stratification

Social stratification vanhu chinhu hierarchical sangano uye mutundu kupinda dzakawanda idzodzo Society (strata), mumwe muzvizhinji ose evanhu masangano uye ukama pakati pavo. Strata mapoka evanhu kuti zvisingapindirani dzakawanda maumbirwo kwenzanga panzvimbo yake.

Maererano masayendisiti, mumagariro stratification yakavakirwa evanhu uye zvakasikwa kusaruramisira vanhu. Panyaya iyi, nzira dzekuziva Misiyano yomuka vari zvichishandurwa ne dzakasiyana vanyori nenzira dzakasiyana.

Saka, maererano Marx, chinokosha ndechokuti ufanane mari uye pfuma uridzi. Weber akawedzera kuti urongwa uhwu uye munzanga mukurumbira wacho kungova mutemo wehurumende. Maererano dzidziso mumagariro stratification Pitirima Sorokina, mujinga kuparadzana riri unevenness ari kuparadzirwa ropafadzo uye kodzero, mabasa nemitoro munzanga. Maererano naye, voruzhinji nzvimbo ine, uye zvimwe zvinodiwa kuti Kusiyanisa. Somuenzaniso, kuparadzana inogona kuitwa basa, nyika, chitendero, nyika nezvimwewo.

Kare, munzanga stratification achiumbwa pamwe kwakabva vanhu. Nengano chidzoke rokutanga inoti stratification makasimba, asi gare gare, musi nechekumashure munzanga kukura, zvishoma nezvishoma akanyevenutsa.

Wemagariro evanhu chinosiyanisa nezvemarudzi mana makuru weboka kwenzanga: vanhu vakaderera, uranda, kirasi, kirasi. The mhando nhatu dzokutanga dziri yo namahwindo nzanga, uye yokupedzisira rinoreva rudzi rakavhurika munzanga.

Social stratification chokutanga kwakaratidzwa munguva dzekare, panguva chidzoke rouranda. Pane mhando mbiri kusaruramisira: chekare (muranda asina kodzero uye ndiye muridzi pfuma) uye yemhuri (muranda rangana kodzero gotwe mumhuri). Uranda hwakanga hwakavakirwa kushandisa zvakananga mhirizhonga. Mapoka vanhu vakapesana pamusoro asipo kana kuvapo kodzero dzavo.

Chechipiri Kuparadzana Hurongwa anofanira Classified vanhu vakaderera hurongwa. Vanhu vakaderera chinhu evanhu boka umo nhengo iri Kutamiswa pakuzvarwa. Muupenyu hwake, kutama rimwe boka kune mumwe hazvibviri. To ichi anofanira kuberekwa patsva. Izvi munzanga stratification dzakakurumbira India. In mamiriro ichi, nzanga rakakamurwa huru vemapoka zvina:

- Vafundisi (brähmaëas);

- Vatengesi (vaisyas);

- varwi (Kshatriyas);

- vashandi, navapfuri vesimbi, vanhuwo zvavo (Sudras).

Panewo "untouchables." Hadzisi kune vanhu vakaderera uye kugara yakadereresa zvepamusoro munzanga.

By muzvitatu stratification mamiriro kunofanira kirasi Classified. Kirasi anotsanangurwa sezvo mapoka pamwe wakaiswa mitemo kana tsika mabasa uye kodzero Kutamiswa nhaka. Kazhinji, pane varombo uye ropafadzo kirasi munzanga. Somuenzaniso, mune Western muvanhu European muchikwata yechipiri inosanganisira vafundisi uye kwamachinda. Kusvikira 1917 Russia oga asi unprivileged varimi uye nevafundisi ropafadzo uye kwamachinda, poluprivilegirovannuyu chikamu (Cossacks Somuenzaniso).

By mumwe hurongwa, weboka nzanga mukirasi kusaruramisira. Maererano Lenin kuti tsanangudzo nemakirasi - kwakatosiyana pachinzvimbo weumwe maumbirwo evanhu kugadzirwa mapoka akawanda. The kuparadzana rinoitwa toreva zvokurarama kugadzirwa (kunyanya kunyoresa uye ari mumutemo), iri basa musangano webasa munharaunda, saka, pamusoro kugadzirira uye vhoriyamu chikamu nevoruzhinji zvakanaka.

Mumazuva ano muvanhu broadly nyanzvi musiyano nhanho nhatu stratification: yakaderera, repamusoro uye pakati. In mazhinji upfumi hunodzorwa avhareji pamwero dzokupa kutsiga kwenzanga.