Musimboti dambudziko uye nzira kugadzirisa "North - South"

Mazuvano, kupfuura kare paiva dambudziko, pasina mamwe mberi kwebasa revanhu hazvibviri. Upfumi anongowanika chikamu basa nevanhu, asi kazhinji zviri kubva kukura yayo remakore rechi21 kunoenderana Kuchengetedzwa yorugare, hunhu uye mupenyu ezvinhu evanhu, uyewo chitendero, uzivi, uye tsika. Kunyanya kukosha matambudziko yose yakawedzera yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20, apo vakatanga yekudyidzana kukanganisa nemamiriro enyika uye nenyika zvoupfumi.

miganhu kupesana

Asati kungomhanyira musimboti dambudziko, "North - South", vanotaura pamusoro paumbwe pose mamiriro ezveupfumi. By mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 rose upfumi nyika kwakatoitika, sezvo nyika dzakawanda munyika vaivapowo kutengeserana ukama. Miganhu weboka nguva ino pamusoro, uye matanda maviri akaumbwa: dzakabudirira munyika dzavo dzaitongwa - mbishi zvinhu uye zvokurima zvinoshandiswa. Ekupedzisira vaivapowo dzakawanda weboka basa, refu asati paiva kumisika nenyika mazviri. Kureva kutsigira dzakawanda mamiriro ezveupfumi munyika idzi pasina kudikanwa pachavo kukura kwavo, uye chigadzirwa kuwedzera inoti yakatanga industrially. Kunyange pashure kuwana rusununguko aimbova nyuchi upfumi nyika, nokudaro kuumbwa, ane makore akawanda kuramba ukama centre-arikunze. Nokudaro, kunyange anobvawo dambudziko "North - South", akabereka magetsi ichipfuurira.

zvinhu pfungwa

Saka, sezvo imi munoziva, upfumi nokushandira pamwe kuti dzakabudirira vane dzichiri kwaibva kwete pamusoro akamira zvakaenzana. Musimboti yose dambudziko "North - South" mamota pasi chokwadi kuti shure agrarian inoti iri nengozi iri munharaunda dzakapoteredza, Inter-kwematunhu zvese, uye zvavo nokuda yose zvoupfumi. Dzichiri kusimukira ndiyo chikamu upfumi hwenyika, saka, upfumi uye nzanga zvinetso zvavo enyika vaizongoguma unooneka kare hwakaratidzwa kunze. Pakati dzakananga hwokuti chinogona kutaurwa Somuenzaniso, pamwero mukuru kumanikidzwa vaitamira munyika dzakabudirira, kupararira kwezvirwere zvinotapuriranwa munyika, zvose itsva uye avo kare zvaiona vakundwa. Ndokusaka dambudziko pasi pose "North - South" zvino vaiona chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha.

Kuti zvive nyore kuvabatsira iri pamwero zvoupfumi uye munzanga mberi pakati dzakabudirira uye dzichiri kusimukira, ekupedzisira zvino vanoda kubva pakutanga siyana zvichemo, kusanganisira nokusimbaradza guru inflows uye ruzivo (kazhinji muchimiro rubatsiro), kuwedzera mikana nhumbi dzavo misika ose dzakabudirira, chikwereti zvokuyamura uye zvichingodaro.

The International zvoupfumi murayiro

On dambudziko "North - South" munyika vari kufunga yechipiri yezana sixties remakore rechi20, apo paiva guru sefungu decolonization, pfungwa itsva dzakawanda zvoupfumi kuitira yakazokudziridzwa uye akarikunda kurutivi kusimukira ayo pakagadzwa. Chinokosha Pfungwa pfungwa vaiva zvinotevera:

• Chokutanga, akasika shure nyika tibatwe kuita dzakawanda mamiriro ezveupfumi ;
• uye chechipiri, kuti vabatsire kuti kusimukira ari oneka uye yakatsiga hwaro uye akawanda kuti dzinoenderana pamwero zvoupfumi uye matambudziko evanhu masimba aya, uyewo kuti kuderedza chikwereti chavo mutoro.

Saka agrarian nyika akaratidza kusagutsikana kwavo international zvokutengeserana hurongwa, kana zveminda kubva aina kupatsanurwa zvinhu zvaiva yepamusoro (nokuda kwe izvi kukoshesa-vakawedzera zvigadzirwa) pane mubereko kubva aina mbishi zvinhu. Nyika dzichiri akadudzira izvi sezvo zvinoratidza dzisakarurama exchange. Mutongo North uye South nematambudziko vakaona ari urongwa rubatsiro kubva dzakabudirira dziri zvakakwana mari, uye pfungwa iyi yakanga yakabatana zvakananga kwenzanga zvakazokonzerwa dzayaitonga uye tsika mutoro nemigumisiro izvi aimbova masimba dzayaitonga.

Njodzi sangano

Pakazosvika pakati pezana remakore eighties remakore rechi20 Bato pakagadzwa itsva hupfumi kuitira kwakaita vamwe mberi. Somuenzaniso, mashoko agrarian States vanotenderwa pamusoro National zviwanikwa uye kubudirira uchangamire yayo, kuti zvakanga zviri pamutemo kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko, somuenzaniso, mumamiriro ezvinhu simba, vakabatsira kuti kukura iri kusimukira kuti ekisipoti zveminda. Achitaura nyaya "North - South" zvavo, izvozvo vakakwanisa kuzadzisa nemigumisiro yakanaka. Saka, rave simba nokuda kwokuomerwa chikwereti nematambudziko, kuwedzera kunobva rubatsiro renyika kukura rinoti achibvumirana nheyo munhu kusiyaniswa yokusvika murau muzvikwereti kwokunze panguva senyika, zvichienderana muzana capita GNI.

Zvikonzero kukundwa

Pasinei nezvose zvakanaka, pamwe nguva sangano vakatanga kurasikirwa nzvimbo, uye kuguma eighties uye vakaguma zvachose kuvapo. Zvikonzero izvi vangazivikanwa zvikuru, asi pane huru mbiri ndivo:

• Chokutanga - chinokosha kwakaderera kubatana pachavo shure inoti pakudzivirira dzavo dzinofunga kuti vakaita kufambira Kusiyanisa uye kupatsanurwa subgroups akadai nyika kwekurasira mafuta-, itsva dzakabudirira.
• Wechipiri - kuderera of kusimukira kunyengetedzana nzvimbo: kana dzakabudirira mapinda post-maindasitiri Danho, yekudyidzana kujekesa mukana kushandisa ive nharo munzira kugadzirisa dambudziko "North - South" chinokosha chinoita.

Bato pakagadzwa itsva hupfumi kuitira somugumisiro vakundikana, asi munyika yose kupokana vakasara.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri "North - South"

Pari zvino pane nzira nhatu kukurira kusaenzana mune zvoupfumi ukama kusimukira uye dzakabudirira. We tsanangura mumwe nomumwe wavo zvizere.

1. kambora kusvika

Vatsigiri vake vanofunga kuti kukunda backwardness uye kutora nzvimbo yavo yakakodzera agrarian nyika kunodzivisa nekusagona kushandisa ano yemarudzi weboka basa mumusika mashandiro ari enyika upfumi. Maererano Liberals, kukura States vanofanira kuomerera mutemo mazvake hwenyika, kuona macroeconomic pakusimba, privatization wehurumende pfuma. Yakadaro kusvika kuna kugadzirisa dambudziko "North - South" mumakore gumi adarika, zvakajeka zvikuru hunobuda iri multilateral kwakadzama zvidzidzo worumwe munzvimbo vakawanda dzakabudirira.

2. kusvika antiglobalistskoj

Nhengo dzayo kuchengetedza maonero kuti gadziriro dzakawanda mamiriro ezveupfumi munyika yanhasi iri dzisakarurama, uye nyika upfumi kune pamwero mukuru inotongwa dzomunyika nevhu rakawandisa, izvo zvinoita kuti tikwanise kushandisa chokwadi North South. Anti-globalists, nharo kuti dzakabudirira nemaune kutsvaka mbishi zvinhu mitengo kunge ipfupi, kunyange zvazvo saizvozvo angawedzeredza kukosha kupatsanurwa zvinhu, vanofanira akanyatsosiyana adzokorore gadziriro yose nyika zvoupfumi ukama nesarudzo kuti achitsigira kusimukira. Nemamwe mashoko, ari chipo ezvinhu anoita somunhu vateveri Ultra-kukuru pamusoro pfungwa itsva dzakawanda zvoupfumi murayiro.

3. structuralist kusvika

Vatsigiri ake vanobvuma kuti hurongwa dzakawanda mamiriro ezveupfumi, iyo iripo panguva, kune nokuti kusimukira matambudziko akakura. Zvisinei, kusafanana vatsigiri Anti-kudyidzana nzira, ivo vanoziva kuti achinje maonero enyika ava dzakawanda weboka basa hakushande pasina STRUCTURAL shanduko mune agrarian inoti pachavo, kuvandudza makwikwi avo, zvinopa sectoral diversification pamusoro hwenyika. Mukuona kwavo, magetsi mamiriro ezvoupfumi ukama zvinofanira kudzorwa, asi nenzira kuti okunatsiridza vari hwezvekukurukurirana zvinhu munyika dzichiri kusimukira.

Panguva hurukuro vatsigiri nzira iyi vanoomerera pakuti dambudziko pasi pose "North - South" rinogona kugadziriswa, kana dzakabudirira vachaita kufunga zvinetso chinangwa uye peculiarities upfumi kukura munyika dzichiri kusimukira uye kuwedzera dzaishandiswa zvaunofarira kwavari. In ezvinhu aripo nhasi iri pakati nepakati nzira iri kuwedzera kuzivikanwa, uye chokuita nayo tarisiro kugadzirisa dambudziko ukama pakati North uye South.