Ndege inotakura "Liaoning". The flagship pamusoro rengarava China

China vakatengwa kuUkraine muna 1998, ari konekwa vaimbova akaendesa ndege Soviet of Navy "Varyag" uye muna 2002, pakupedzisira kuiona. Pashure nouchapupu refit ari shipyard muna Dalian kuchamhembe China ngarava payakanga basa muna September 2012 uye kunzi "Liaoning" vachikudza kuchamhembe-okumabvazuva province. The chikuru basa chikepe - kuva chokudzidzisa pasi kuti Chinese nezvikepe kuwana ruzivo mukushanda ano inotakura ndege, uyewo kutanga uye kuvandudza ruzivo dzichashandiswa apo afunge uye kuvaka ngarava mukirasi iyi.

kuora chigadzirwa

Kare, mutakuri ndege "Liaoning" aizivikanwa somunhu rinorema ndege-akatakura ngarawa "Riga". Raiva chikepe Project 1143.5 (class "Admiral Kuznetsov") Soviet Navy rechipiri. chikepe 67,500-tani akaisa pamusoro Sea Black Shipyard muna Nikolaev, Ukraine, 12.06.85 uye yakatanga kufamba pamusoro 04.12.88. It kunzi "Varyag" muna July 1990. Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union muna 1991, vaiva chaiendiswa Ukraine. Nokuda kwokushayiwa mari kuvakwa rakaguma muna 1992. Panguva iyoyo, 70% of mutakuri ndege yakavakwa. Zvayakaita, rave tapedza chikepe, asi pakanga pasina chombo, zvemagetsi uye chassis.

China kokutanga akaratidza kufarira "Varyag" nokutenga 1992. Official vamiririri China akashanyira chikepe, akamira pamusoro wepachiteshi chacho ainzi Nikolaev shipyard, asi kwakadzama kunge harina zvibereko nokuda nharo pamusoro mutengo. Somugumisiro, mashoko konekwa "Varyag" vakasara dhoku vasina akavatarisa kwemakore 6 pamakore. Pakapera 1990, ngarava payakanga auctioned vakatenga pedyo Chinese kambani iri Macau for $ 20 miriyoni yokutendeutsa kuva zvinoyangarara playing kupaki yokuzvivaraidza. The chibvumirano ne Ukraine akarambidza mutengi kushandisa chikepe kuti zvinangwa zvechiuto. Asati kutengesa mauto zvokushandisa zvose ndege akanga namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara.

Kubva akayangarara playing kuti flagship of Navy pakati China

Muna 1999, makore 11 pashure nezvekutanga, "Varyag" pakupedzisira akasiya dhoku rinosundwa norudo simba akawanda kuFar East. Zvisinei, ngarava yakanga vakaramba nomumvura kuti Bosphorus hurumende Turkish pamusoro nhandare kuti chikepe riri de-kwakapa uye rakakurisa njodzi kune vamwe midziyo uye zvinhu zviri Strait. "Varyag" yaiva pedyo Strait mumakore matatu. Mushure Chinese hurumende akapindira uye muna 2001 Turkey akatamisa $ 1 miriyoni sechivimbiso, ngarava payakanga pakupedzisira akabvumirwa kuramba rwendo rwavo.

November 4 "Varyag" raiva 10-pfungwa dutu uye akaputsa chinobata pedyo nechiwi Skyros Greek. Pashure zhinji kundikana kuedza vavezve kudzora ngarava, mumwe neherikoputa echiGiriki Coast Guard anobviswa 7 vashandi nhengo. Pashure pokuwa apo vachiedza kuisa kweva tambo Tug mukwasvi akafa Haliva Champion. Mudziyo vakauya zvakare kudzora musi iwoyo.

Pashure chipatapata rwendo "Varyag" muna March 2002, akazosvika Dalian Shipyard kuchamhembe China akagarako pasi rinorema murindi. Pakazosvika nguva zvakava pachena kuti chikepe iri kupaki yokuzvivaraidza ichachinjwa kuva nokusingaperi. Asi hwakatamisirwa nezvikepe China yokutsvakurudza uye kudzorerwa. With muchikepe, China akave nokugamuchira vanodhirowa uye chirongwa mapepa. Muna 2005, mutakuri ndege kwave vakatamira yakaoma dhoku pamusoro Dalian Shipyard uye dzakapendwa ndachena wengarava zvikepe China.

basa Restoration rakapera mukupera 2006. Zvadaro muna April 2009, ngarava hwakatamisirwa mumwe yakaoma-dhoku kuti kugadzwa injini nezvimwe michina mikuru. Installation rakatanga mukupera 2010. By March 2011 superstructure pamusoro yokumusoro uriri vava kutopedza, akapedza kupenda uye rwemichinjiko kubviswa.

"Mudziyo Research"

Muna June 2011, musoro mudonzvo vanhu Rorusununguko, General Chen Bingde dzakatsigira kuti China iri kuvaka imwe mutakuri ndege. Rakanga wokutanga pamutemo ariko chirongwa chakadai. July 27, China Ministry of National Defence yakazivisa kuti kuzodzosera pa ngarava kuti "kwesainzi, kuedza uye kurovedza zvinangwa." Rokutanga mana zuva nemiedzo gungwa chikepe kwakaitika August, uye akatanga nyaya dzinotevedzana nemiedzo yechipiri muna December, risati vakadzokera fekitari kuti finalization.

September 25, 2012 ngarava payakanga pamutemo kuisa kushanda pasi zita idzva mutakuri ndege "Liaoning» (CV-16). Muna November, Bazi Defence akasimbisa kuti Chinese murwi J-15 zvapedza Wakakodzera pamwe yasimuka nokusunga giya. Press China rinoratidza kuti vaunoshanda kurovedza vacharamba kwemakore 4-5 kusvikira kweareka haasviki yayo kunonyanyisa zvinogona.

deck-inobva ndege

The flagship the rengarava Chinese keriya ndege "Liaoning" ane pfupi runway, akashongedzerwa aerofinishem. Tora-kure iri akwanise nokuvapo nasal ndokudzikunda angled 14 °. Uriri iri nepokuongorora akamedura waya. Two anosimudza ari starboard divi Kutama ndege kubva hanga kusvika kutiza achipfeka.

USS "Liaoning" inogona kutakura 24 "ichibhururuka rehove" - multipurpose uriri vanodzima Shenyang J-15, kusanganisira avo kaviri musiyano - murwi kudzidzisa J-15S. Uyezve, rinopa marudzi anoverengeka shipborne helicopters, kusanganisira helicopters Chinese kugadzirwa Changhe Z-18, Z-18J AEW uye Z-18F ASW, Harbin Z-9 uyewo Ca-31. Uwandu zvifambiswe aircrafts - 36 dzakabatana.

nezvombo

"Variag" pakutanga akashongedzerwa antiship chombo hurongwa "Granite» (SS-N-9 Kuchiparara Sengarava Yaparara). The launcher yave namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara kuti kutengeswa ngarava China, uye chombo chawo - panguva kutendeuka, kuwedzera kukura ane ndege hanga.

USS "Liaoning" gadziriro vakapakata zvenguva pfupi mhepo kudzivirira, iro rinoumbwa zvina zvinoita zvokukandwa kudzivirira gadziriro HQ-10 (FL-3000N), mumwe nomumwe aine 18-chombo launcher, zvakafanana nomukombero-116 ezvinhu aishandiswa US Navy. Dikidiki zvenguva pfupi zvombo "mhepo-kuti-mhepo» Ty-90, HQ-10 vakapakata hunyambiri pusa radar, imwe michini homing musoro uye ane kunonyanyisa zvakawanda 9000 metres. It inobudisa nani shanduro yakazvimirira vanoshingaira michini musoro uye ane kunonyanyisa zvakawanda 10000 m.

Uyezve, USS "Liaoning" iri vakashongedzerwa vaviri mugadziriro zvenguva pfupi zvombo mhando 1030, iyo inomiririra 10-dhiramu musimboti 730 CIWS mhando hurongwa. Kusvika 10-dhiramu 30 mm pfuti 2 vanopiwa kuti urwisane 500 zvombo. Mumwe chitoro Kazhinji mhosva patsanurika dzokurwa kuboora zvombo. Empty cartridges vakawisirwa mberi kubva pasi hurongwa. Pfuti inotongwa kubva kunze, ane mwero kunonyanyisa pakati 3.5-6 zviuru. Kwepfuti / min. Its kupfura Range riri shoma 3000 m, asi zvinangwa kazhinji sei pane chinhambwe 1000-1500 m.

Communication hurongwa uye chipfuro kuonekwa

China kuti inotakura ndege "Liaoning" iri vakashongedzerwa kudaro kufamba namano:

• radar chipfuro kuonekwa mhando 382 Eagle S / C (pamusoro rechikepe wanamatira);
• Marine Radar;
• moto kuzvidzora Radar HQ-10 SAM;
• Radar chipfuro kuonekwa mhando 346 ane seti zvina vanoshingaira kanyanga arrays pamwe mukombiyuta tarisa pamusoro zambuko;
• radar ndege;
• wekushandisa Radar;
• kukurukurirana kanyanga;
• Satellite dhishi.

simba chirimwa

keriya ndege "Liaoning" riri vakagadzirira pamwe mureza powerplant kwakafanana kugadzwa chikepe "Admiral Kuznetsov" Russian Navy. Inoitwa 8 boilers mana chiutsi turbines ose 50,000 litres. a. mumwe nomumwe. Ngarava vakapakata rollers mana ane wakaiswa nenamo propellers.

keriya ndege "Liaoning": Tartus

Muna September 2015 akaudzwa kuti Chinese nezvikepe kuti flagship vakapfuura kuti neSuez Canal uye vakananga kumhenderekedzo weSiria. Israeli muchiuto njere Website aiti kuti mutakuri ndege "Liaoning" paakasvika Tartous, muSiriya, achiperekedzwa nokuda anotungamirirwa chombo ngarawa. Kusvika kwemauto ndege uye helicopters, kutarisirwa mid-November zvakananga kubva China to Iran kana achibatsirwa Russian chokufambisa ndege inobva panguva chikepe uye Russian chawo pedyo Latakia.

Chinese muchiuto nyanzvi akaramba ichi. Iye akavimbisawo kuti China haana kutsigira chero boka kana vanhu muSiriya, vachinamatira zvakaenzanirana uye chinangwa ainoita nyaya iyi. Mukuwedzera, reSiriya uto rine akati kuti hapana Chinese warship haana kupinda reSiriya miganhu mumvura.

South Sea China kusawirirana

Aripiko mutakuri ndege "Liaoning"? Chikepe iri pedyo China miganhu mvura uye anoshumira anovanza simba mudunhu, umo makakatanwa akanga achikura kwemakumi emakore, uyewo chokudzidzisa vaunoshanda uye Naval avhiyesheni. Mushure chikepe mukirasi iyi yechipiri ichavakwa nokukurumidza, asi yayo kugadzirwa chete. A springboard nokuti nezvekutanga ndege kushandiswa zvakare, izvo, kunyange zvazvo anobvumira ndege kutakura zvakawanda zvinhu, tichienzanisa nesimba remagetsi catapults, anoshandiswa anenge ose Vatakuri ndege yacho US Navy asingagoni.

Nezvikepe maviri mukirasi iyi, China richava nhengo vapfumi tsvimbo - inhamba vanoshingaira midziyo ndiyo chete kuItari uye India. Tisingatauri ndiye US Navy kuti warships pakukura gumi munyika.