Turakiti - chii ichocho? Tsanangudzo, mienzaniso

Mune mabhuku, uyewo mumutauro wekutaurirana, shoko rokuti "turakiti" rinowanikwa. Chii ichi, ndedzipi tsanangudzo inogona kupiwa kune pfungwa iyi? Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda munharaunda yeRussia, mune zita iro kune shoko-nzvimbo, nzvimbo dzezororo, zvinhu zvechisikigo. Iko kune tsanangudzo dzakasiyana siyana dzechirongwa ichi.

Pfungwa ye

Muchirevo chenguva dzose, chimwe chirevo chinoshandiswa muzwi rakapiwa, rinotaura kuti rinogona kuva chikamu chenzvimbo iyo yakasiyana nedunhu rakapoteredza. Pamwechete parlance izwi iri rinonzi rakasiiwa misha yekare, iyo yakashata kubva pakuona kwekuongorora zvidzidzo. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kuva nezita rakange ra "rakasvibiswa", rudzi rwemiganhu pakati pevanhu vanoshandiswa kuchengetedza nhoroondo uye kutumira ruzivo rwemunda kune zvizvarwa zvinotevera.

Mune geography, izwi iri rinoreva mamiriro ekugadzirwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu enyika - ivhu, hurumende yemvura, maruva, zvipenyu, microclimate. Kana iwe ukatarisa pamepu uye uongorore zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoratidzwa ne "ur.", Unogona kuona kuti idzi idzi nzvimbo dzakatsaurwa, dzakasiyana nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri pedyo - sango duku mumunda, mharapakati mukati mekugara kwemasango, nzvimbo yakasviba, nezvimwewo. Maturakiti akajeka akajeka mumamiriro ezvinhu ekudururwa - pamwe nemakomo uye zvikomo, magomo nemipata. Nezvose zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzirisa, ivo vose vane unhu hwakakwana hwezvinhu zvepanyama uye zvehupenyu izvo zvinozvigadza pakati pemamwe maitiro enyika.

Kuchinja mune maturakiti

Maturakiti acho ndiwo akaderera pane imwe nzvimbo yepanyama uye yekugara kwenyika. Maererano nenharaunda yavanogara, inogona kuva yakanyanya (inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakawanda) uye pasi (mashoma mashoma). Muzviitiko zvizhinji, nzvimbo idzi dziri kure dzenyika hadzina mimwe miganhu, zvinoitika kuti mitsetse iyi isinganzwisisiki inofamba. Mafungiro ezvakanaka uye zvepakati pematurakiti echisikiro anoratidza kuti pasi pesimba nguva iyo nzvimbo inogona kuchinja - nzizi dzinoshanduka, mitsva inoputika nemartwater, mitsutso inoderedzwa. Uyezve, ndima dzinotarirwa nzvimbo, pakutanga dzaive nematurakiti, dzinogona kubatanidzwa nezvivakwa zvemazuva ano. Nokudaro, muganhu wechisikigo ndechimwe chinetso chakasiyana-siyana, kune vanoita mapikisi ndivo vanofarira zvikuru kudzidza nyaya yacho.

Cheerleaders

Chidimbu chimiro chiduku chemamiriro edzidziso, iyo haisi chinhu chinosungirwa chemamiriro enyika. Izwi iri rakarongedzwa muna 1952, rakatumirwa nemasayendisiti enyika uye geographic knowledge distributor, Doctor of Geographical Sciences DL Armand. Semuenzaniso, maitiro akange ari pamagomo, pamusoro penzvimbo yekupindira kana mafashamo, pasi pechirongo-masangano ezvisikwa, zvakanyatsobatanidzwa kubva kune rimwe boka rezvinyorwa, rinoratidzirwa nehukuru hwakakura hwezvikamu, zvinogona kutungamirira kune muenzaniso weumusoro.

Forest range

Chiitiko chepane ndege yakadzika inzvimbo yemasango iyo iri pakati peminda kana maruva. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa mutsauko - sango riri kunze, asi pamhando imwe yevhu, ine imwe chete yehurumende yemvura, zvimwe zvinomera ndeyezvi. Iyo turakiti ichazonzi nzvimbo yemaunda ayo mafomu ekuzorora, zvakasiyana-siyana zvinomera, ivhu rakasiyana-siyana, somuenzaniso, musango wakavhenganiswa, unotora nzvimbo ine nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakasviba, nzvimbo dzine mabwe munzvimbo dzakasvibirira - dzakabatanidzwa.

Misha isina kubviswa

Pakati pevashandi vepfuma uye vanoda tsika dzekare, kufarira mumisha yakasiyiwa haisi kusimba. Nzvimbo yakavimbiswa nenzira yekuwana kuwana zvinonakidza ndeye turakiti. Chii ichocho? Kare yaimbogara nzvimbo (kugadzirisa, purazi, nezvimwewo), yakasiyiwa uye yapera. Iyi tsanangudzo inosanganisira nzvimbo dzisingachagoneki dzakarasikirwa nemeso emisha. Inowanzoita sechando, chakasvibiswa nemiti yekare kana kuti yakasara pakati pemasango edondo. Kazhinji unogona kusangana munzvimbo idzi dzevanhu vane detectors esimbi nemichina yekushanyira, vanofarira kutsvaga mari.

Injini dzinotsvaga dzinoti chiratidzo chikuru chekutsvaga nzvimbo inobudirira ndiyo yakawanda yemiriwo yakaenzana nekuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo (izvi zvinoratidza hurimi yemiriwo minda iri pedyo nehugaro hwevanhu, saka hutsika). Misha yakasiyiwa yeNharaunda yeLeningrad inonyanya kukwezva kune vaitsvaga pfuma yakaregererwa - sezvikonzero zvemauto ehondo, nzvimbo yakazara nevanhu yakakurumidza kusiyiwa nevagari vemo, kwete nguva dzose vane mukana wekutora zvinhu zvinokosha. Kutsvaga kwekare kare munzvimbo dzakadaro kunobereka.

Saka, turakiti - chii ichocho? Kune nzvimbo shoma dzinogarwa - iyi inonyatsooneka uye inobatsira. Kuti uwane kunzwisisa kwakajeka, iri ndiro zita rakagadzirwa panzvimbo yeimwe nzvimbo, iyo inowanzobatanidzwa nehupenyu hwayo. Misha yakasiyiwa yeLeningrad Region (iyo isati yava "maturakiti") inowanzowanikwa mune tsanangudzo dzezvizhinji nzvimbo dzinofadza, nhoroondo dzekufamba, kubva kune vanyori vane basa rakabatana nekushanda pasi. Basa rinokosha rekutungamira munharaunda inoitwa nematurakiti kune vanyori vezvakaitika kare, vanochera matongo, geologists, vanotarisira.

Kushandisa maturakiti

Kusiyana mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo, miganhu yepanyama inogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, mune zvekurima, nzvimbo dzakadzika dzinogona kushandiswa kune nyika yakaoma, uye kuparadza masango - semasango, mharaunda kana masango, zvigaro zvezvokudya. Sechinhu chakasarudzwa, chinokosha sechinhu chechisikigo uye chinogona kuva nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa.

Nemhaka yeizvi, kuparadzana kwakatsaurwa chikamu chemafambi iyo turakiti. Chinyiko, mune inonyanya kufarira kunzwisisa, inotsanangura geography. Izvi zvinonyanya kuonekwa munharaunda iyo turakiti inotora nzvimbo yakareba pakurevex kana kuburitsa concave (makomo kana mashizha), pane ivhu rakafanana uye rinobatanidzwa nevakawanda zvinomera, humidification, zvipenyu nemamwe marphological features.