Ndezvipi mashandiro anoita adjectives? Mazita mienzaniso kushandiswa kutaura

Parts Rwokutaura - zvakanaka kwakarongeka mashandiro umo hapana okushamisira maatomu akafanana. Zvinoshamisa, mumutauro mumwe nomumwe, mashandiro ichi hwakarongwa zvakasiyana. Chokwadi kuti mumutauro mumwe kungaratidzwa pamashoko maviri kana matatu, mune mumwe hungada rokuvaka nani kunzwisisa panyaya. Ndokusaka zviri zvikuru kuti adzidze mitauro yokumwe hakuiti kuswedera zvivakamutauro nenzira slipshod nenzira, uye kuedza kunzwisisa mumwe mutemo - chaizvoizvo hapana rawo kusina chakunoreva.

Chipauro ndeimwe kiyi zvikamu pakutaura, kupa vanhu mukana kutsanangura zvakajeka nyika. Zvisinei, ane pachake nuances yaro mitauro munyika. Chimiro ichi uye nzvimbo mutongo, uye Kufambisa nedzimwe nhengo kutaura, uye chokwadi, kuti mabasa kuti vanoshanda chipauro. Munyaya ino tichakurukura uye enzanisa mashandiro ichi chikamu kutaura mumitauro dzakawanda dzokuEurope.

Common ehupfumi

Saka, chii zvinhu vane adjectives? The Pamazita iri yakakura zvakakwana.

Chokutanga, chinangwa kukanganiswa chipauro chinoratidza chiratidzo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pfuma kunorondedzerwa dzose mhenyu kana zvisina upenyu chinhu (shamwari yakatendeka, akanaka musha). Non-Maitiro zviratidzo vari akataurawo adverbs, asi zviratidzo izvi hadzisi nyaya nechekare, uye kuti chiito (kumhanya makasimba, akanaka pendi).

Kana chipauro iri zvakananga chokuita pazita, inofanira kukwanisa kuchinja kwake "wepabasa." mitauro yakasiyana vane Mapato akasiyana emazita: nhamba, munhui, nyaya, declension. Vose Mapoka aya ivo kushandisa adjectives - pamazita Mapato kwavari anotarisa zvakangofanana.

ukama

Uyewo adjectives chaizvo interconnected nevamwe zvikamu hwekutaura, rakapinza mumwe uye kuita dzakapfuma. Akazivisa izvi kubatana kwavo zvisazitasingwi uye sezviverengo. At panosangana zvikamu izvi rwokutaura nguva yake, uye chero ordinal nhamba, pakupindura mubvunzo "unova bhiri?", Uyewo hama uye interrogative chisazitasingwi "izvo" uye "kuti." Tinofanirawo nezvezvichaitwa mugumisiro kutsanangura chinhu kuburikidza sakaramendi, iyo akasununguka verbs uye adjectives. A pamazita siyana izvi ndizvo guru kwazvo (nechikepe chikepe, kukuvandira Tiger). Chirairo ndiko kunoenderana chinhu uye kukutsigira chiratidzo Procedure.

chipauro kushandurwa

Secondary hunhu chipauro rinosimbisa netsika dzayo inotungamirwa. Kakawanda izvozvo achiumbwa kubva emazita, kunyanya kufunga zvimwe anokosha ehupfumi kana zviratidzo. Somuenzaniso, mahabhurosi akatipa tsvuku ruvara, uye angled - chisina kutsetseka gait. Adjectives kuti anoratidza chinhu chomumwe - kupfuura unoshamisa muenzaniso pedyo kubatana pakati chikamu ichi nokutaura emazita. Kubvuma sanduko kwakadaro kwakasiyana mutauro Russian, uko possessive adjectives vari akaumba kazhinji: bhuku sekuru - bhuku sekuru.

In Chirungu uye German siyana zvisipo. Mubhuku Chirungu grandad kuti ndowenyika bhuku Sekuru rinoratidza possessive pazita grandad. In German pane anenge kufanana kune itsanangudzo chimiro, iro rinoshandiswa mazita akakodzera: Anasi Auto. Zvisinei, kazhinji basa iri rinokosha kune genitive: Das Buch of Grossvaters, apo pakutanga ndiyo nyaya, kwete wayo.

Chirungu anozivikanwa yokutendeutsa - kwakakwana Kuchinja nomutezo mumwe rwokutaura imwe pasina kuchinja chero zvinooneka. Kwakaitwa kutendeuka uye adjectives - nyoro (nyoro) anogona kuva rokuti rinoreva "nyoro" pasina dambudziko. A tetepa mu "tetepa" zvichireva mune iyoyo ichava rechiito "stroynet".

In German, yakafanana mashandiro anoita chipauro kupinda husingaoneki pazita. Schwarz nenzira yokureva "rima" kana iwe kuwedzera nyaya anowana zvinoreva "rima." Panewo zvinogoneka kutendeutsa mazita zvipenyu vane chiratidzo anonzi kubudisa imwe chipauro, der Irre - «kupenga», der Taube - «matsi». VaGumbo nyaya kusvika chipauro chinoshanda French: Le ciel they Est Noir (chipauro); Le Noir (pazita) Du ciel they. Noir syntactic basa panzvimbo yayo mumutsetse, uye zvakare pamberi nyaya anopa chikonzero chokudavira Le Noir pazita. Saka Shoko Le Noir, kunze huru ukoshi (ruvara rokuti - yebhuruu, zvitema), uye mumwe ane Somuenzaniso: unodzivirira zvipfeko, zvitema hembe, mutsva, Kukuvadzwa rwebhuruu.

nokukwereta adjectives

Kune mhando anoverengeka wokumwe nokukwereta pakati adjectives, zvichienderana kwavo dhigirii kuchinjira kumamiriro zviri mutauro hondo. Panyaya iyi, pane vakawanda pakubhadhara izvi:

• Complete Kuongororwa - shoko asingadi kumbotambudzika chero kuchinja, kuti hurongwa asingatakuri mutauro declination. Kazhinji, izvi zvinosanganisira chaizvo anoreva kuti manyorero (Retro, Rococo), uyewo yakagozha ruvara vakaparara (Marsala, indigo).
• Suffixes - zvikuru vhoriyamu boka rakumbirwa adjectives. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti ingotora pamusoro dzomuzana pahondo mutauro uye wokumwe suffixes ose adjectives. Zvinyore yakakura zvakakwana. French suffixes -aire, -ique uye -if dzakachinjwa uye vaisanganisa mu -ar- dzinongoitika suffix -s. Uyewo nevakawanda suffix -ichesky: legendaire - kunozivikanwa; diplomatique - nedzenyu. Greek suffix -IR mumutauro Russian kunova -ary, -ichesky: Utsanana, photogenic uye umhare.

Great uye simba adjectives

List pamusoro adjectives mutauro wokuRussia chaizvo nemhaka shoko-inotungamirwa rine chikamu ichi kutaura.

Mashandiro adjectives mumutsetse - kana tsanangudzo (Iye anoverenga rimwe bhuku rakanaka), kana chikamu remubatanidzwa chezita Predicate (zvino ndiri akasimba kwazvo). Muchiitiko chokutanga, kuti chipauro anoiswa pamberi pazita, wechipiri - pashure.

Nerevane shoko-inotungamirwa zvinogona inogona kupatsanurwa ose adjectives. Mazita ine matatu zvinhu:

1. Quality - vanoshandiswa chiratidzo kuti anogona kubatwa ne pfungwa (tsvuku, ruzha, vava). adjectives kwakadaro dzinosiyana pamwero nezvemuenzaniso (zvinonzwika - the loudest), uye zvinogona kuva pfupi chimiro (dzinonetsa, yakanyanya). Kana pane vanoda kuti dzikurukure dzinokoshesa chipauro inogona kudzokororwa: yebhuruu, rebhuruu. Kubva Qualitative adjectives anoumba adverbs uye Abstract emazita: Wakanaka - akanaka - runako.
2. Hama - tichisunga kurondedzerwa chinhu nomumwe chinhu kana pfungwa (aruminiyamu - zvakaitwa aruminiyamu, mumwe kusona - dzaizopiwa kusona). Havachina madhigirii nezvemuenzaniso, kana pfupi chimiro, uye haagoni kuumba adverbs.
3. Possessive - inoratidza chavanopinda munhu (human kana mhuka) - sekuru fodya, mumukaha inomera.

Dzimwe nguva kuchinja kubva hama muchikwata chipauro zvinooneka. Muchiitiko chino, kuchinja uye kuisa: foxtail - gava kunyemwerera (zvichireva: pusa, nhema).

An maitiro chinokosha mano adjectives Russian kuramba - change mhando, nhamba uye nyaya maererano kudzora pazita (zvidhina imba - wall - zvidhina pembiru).

mutauro Shakespeare

Pane zvimwe zvinhu izvo, kusiyana Russian, vasina Chirungu adjectives. Zvinyore iri diki, asi zvakakwana.

Kusiyana Russian, Chirungu adjectives zvachose kuchinjika. Red gava, maruva matsvuku, rusvingo dzvuku - mitsara zvose izvi shoko "zvitsvuku" wasiiwa ndiko, pasinei nhamba uye mhando pazita.

Anokudzwa Qualitative uye hama adjectives mumutauro Chirungu. List zvomuviri iri rinenge kufanana muna Russian, kunze chete chokwadi - adjectives Chirungu havana pfupi chimiro.

Somunhu chipauro anogona kupinda husingaoneki pazita (risingazivikanwi - chinhu inoshamisa). Sick (Murwere) anopinda vanorwara (varwere, varwere) achiwedzera nyaya. Sezvaiitwa Russian, Chirungu chipauro sezvo tsanangudzo kufanoenda munhu pazita (usina imba), uyewo Predicate - kugumisa (The imba iri empty).

Zvikonzero nokushayikwa possessive adjectives zvataurwa kare.

Goethe Language

Kwazvo zvakafanana vari Chirungu uye German adjectives - pamazita zvinhu zviri zvakafanana. Zvisinei, pane chimwe chikuru musiyano, tichibatanidza adjectives German wokuRussia, - kukwanisa kuvimba. A billiger talo - «zvakachipa imba" muzvizhinji kunova billige Hauser. End shanduko munhurume, nhamba uye nyaya chipauro (guten Kindes - mwana akanaka, gutem Kind - mbudzana zvakanaka, guten Kind - mwana akanaka).

Zvichienderana nokuti tiri kutaura pamusoro yakananga kana anongoitika zvinhu, adjectives vari kutsauka mune simba (the Gute Vater - ichi ari baba vakanaka), simba (guter Vater - baba vakanaka) kana kusanganisa (yksi guter Vater - Vamwe baba vakanaka) kutaipa.

Language rudo

A zvakawanda pamwe German, French adjectives vari - mazita kufanana zvakakwana. Ivo dzinosiyana nokuda chechikadzi (Il Est Joli - wakange wakanaka, Elle Est Jolie - ari tsvarakadenga) uye nhamba (Le livre intéressant - bhuku anonakidza, Les Livres intéressants - mabhuku zvinonakidza), nyaya declension havana. Ivowo siyana zvichienderana mwero kuenzanisa (Grand - Plus chikuru - Le ndinoiitawo chikuru).

An dzinonakidza chepfungwa French adjectives - kukwanisa kushandura mutengo, zvichienderana nokuti asati kana mushure pazita ivo. Un Homme akashinga - akashinga, apo UN vakashinga Homme - munhu akanaka.

norunyararo Language

List kuti adjectives muna Finnish yakakura chaizvo uye yakaoma. Sezvakaitika Russian, adjectives dzinobvumirana nemashoko pazita iri nhamba uye mhosva (uye vose muFinland kubva 14 kusvika 16).

Vamwe adjectives handishanduki pamusoro nyaya:

naEri - siyana;

viime - vekupedzisira;

ensi - rinotevera;

Koko - a.

The chipauro anogonawo kumira pamberi kutsanangura mazwi: kaunis talo - imba yakanaka; uye pashure pacho - talo pamusoro kaunis. - Nice imba. Panewo inosiyana kuenzanisa (iloinen - anofara; iloisempi - zvinonakidza zvikuru, zvikuru mafaro, iloisin - zvikuru mafaro, mafaro).

Zvakafanana uye misiyano

Saka, zvose mitauro adjectives vanoita mashandiro kuziva kunaka chinhu. Alignment nhau neimwe mutauro ine maitiro ayo. List pamusoro adjectives kuFinland uye Russian mitauro vachava zvose zvavo uye siyanisa zvinhu. Izvi zvinoshandawo mimwe mitauro, pasinei napedyo kwemashoko avo uye girama.