UtanoZvirwere uye Conditions

Ndinogona kuwana Ebola kuburikidza mabhanana nezvimwewo kupinza zvigadzirwa?

Modern murume kurarama zvakaoma. Zvechokwadi, pane ose pakona kumutarisira ngozi. Motokari iyi marudzi nemwaranzi, uye, chokwadi, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana nemavhairasi uye zvirwere. Munyaya ino, ndinoda kupindura mubvunzo, vari kuziva zvichida vanhu vakawanda munyika: "Ndinogona kuwana Ebola ? Kuburikidza mabhanana kana zvimwe zvokudya"

mazwi

Chokutanga, tinofanira kutaura sei kodzero ari tsika yokurapa chirwere "Ebola". Saka, nokuti chirwere ichi chinokosha chivakashure "haemorrhagic". Izvi zvinoreva kuti utachiwana chokuita neropa. On muviri vanorwara kuonekwe kupwanywa, ropa kunobvirawo mune mimwe miviri. Zvakakosha kuti panguva iyoyo ichiripo isingawanzowanikwi chirwere Zvisinei, kune ngozi chaizvo. Kunyange zvazvo masayendisiti munyika yose vari kutsvaka anobudirira zvinodhaka pamusoro utachiwana mwero wokufa kwevanhu chaizvo. Mwero wokufa kwevanhu anenge 50-90%. Zvinoshamisa, asi vanhu uye primates, Ebola utachiona uyewo inobata mumwe uye nguruve.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Vanhu vakawanda vari zvakare kufarira mubvunzo kwayakanga yabva Ebola. Utachiona akanga dzakaonekwa akanga adzoka 1976. Kokutanga vanachiremba dzinoti izvozvo muZaire pedyo Ebola River. Saka zita chirwere. Zvadaro muZaire fivha vanhu vanopfuura 300 vakapona 40. anopfuura 280 vanhu chete uye tave utachiona muna Sudan, 151 vakafa.

ehupfumi kweutachiwana

Edza kwarakabva Ebola, uye negore zvakaitika chii, ndinoda kupa ruzivo yakarurama pamusoro chirwere. Saka, Ebola - nevakawanda zita Ebolavirus mhuri wanda. Muvatakure filoviruses, anokonzera Hemorrhagic Fever. Zvinofanira rinotiwo kwavo morphological ehupfumi of Ebola utachiona rinobatana pamwe Marburg utachiona, asi ivo vakasiyana antigenic ukama.

mhando

Ebola ane shanu dzakasiyana Sub-marudzi, zvina izvo yakarova murume.

  1. Zaire utachiwana. The ainzi nokuti yakanga hwokutanga hwakanyorwa Zaire. Pano-soro chikamu kwevanhu - vanenge 90% (panguva apo utachiona yaitsviriridza panyika, mwero wokufa kwevanhu yakawedzera kubva 83 kusvika 90%). Murwere wokutanga - mudzidzisi chikoro-gore 44 okuberekwa vaigara mutaundi duku Yambuku. Symptomatology chirwere kwazvo zvakafanana marariya. The mhaka chirwere, vanachiremba rinonzi shandisazve pakati unsterilized tsono kuti jekiseni.
  2. Sudanese utachiwana. Yatanga utachiwana yokutanga dzakaonekwa duku anobatwa kirasi guta Nzara, Sudan. Carrier chirwere haina kuzivikanwa, kunyange zvazvo vaongorori akaongorora vose nemhuka nezvipembenene munharaunda. Rufu kubva ichi subspecies ari Utachiona vanenge 51-63%.
  3. Restonsky utachiwana. Nhasi, vanachiremba havana vakawanda nemaonero pamusoro ichi subspecies. Mamwe masayendisiti patsanura nayo sezvo Ebola utachiona, vamwe vanoti kuti chinhu Asian utachiwana itsva. Feature: chinobata chete primates, vanhu vane utachiona hahungangovi. Kokutanga utachiona nzvongo hwakanyorwa muna 1989, apo Germany muna tsvakurudzo murabhoritari vakauya girini Macaque. Pashure mhuka vanorwara vaakawana Texas (USA), Italy, uye kuPhilippines.
  4. Côte d'Ivuarsky utachiwana. Wakatanga yakawanikwa 1994, apo mudondo kuCôte d'Ivoire akawanikwa maviri akafa chimupanze. An kuvhuya chitunha yakaratidza kuti primate yaiva ropa mune dzimwe nhengo (sezvo muvanhu, utachiona Zairian subtype). Mumwe wevakadzi, yaiitisa kuvhuya chitunha, vhiki shomanana gare gare akaziva kuti iye ari nechirwere utachiona ngozi. Zvisinei, zvose zvapera zvakanaka, chiremba akapora, une yawapiwa.
  5. Bundibugyo utachiwana. In Mumatsutso 2007, hurumende neUganda vakazivisa kuti muna Bundibugyo Ebola yatanga. Mushure tsvakurudzo, masayendisiti vakagumisa kuti itsva subtype utachiona kuti hwacho vanhu. Kwapera gore, nzvimbo chirwere chakanga chapedzwa. Nokuti nguva dzose fivha anenge 150 vanhu, kufa - 37.

mashandiro chirwere

Zvakakosha chaizvo kuti vanhu vazhinji ndiko ruzivo pamusoro sei kushandisa Ebola. Chokutanga, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti utachiwana atova chaizvo zvakawanda makore - anenge 40, asi masayendisiti haasati ave mashoko azere nezvazvo. Nokudaro, mashandiro ayo yedzimudzangara anogona kuva akasiyana zvikuru. Vanachiremba vanodavira kuti rinogona pachishandiswa aerosol, kuonana neropa murwere, vachishandisa nevakawanda zvemumba ane chirwere munhu kana nekugoverana zvokudya. Most pangozi ndivo vanachiremba vanoshanda pamwe hweHIV. Kunonyanyisa ngozi ndiyo kuonana neropa murwere. Zvinofanira vanotiwo chirwere chiri zvikuru chinotapuriranwa, saka unogona kuti utachiona kunyange kana mwoyo ganda kana mucosa murwere. Pangozi tiri masayendisiti vanobatwa utachiona tsoko uye kushanda navo vari kupatsanura varwere nguva. Zvisinei, ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vakanga vari chete mukamuri sezvo murwere, asi havasi kunyatsotevera vaaisangana navo neutano hwakanaka. Saka tinogona tigumise nyore kuti utachiona haisi pachishandiswa kuenda neherikoputa mumate.

About zvigadzirwa

Pachishandiswa zvataurwa, mhinduro vanhu vakawanda kuziva mubvunzo kana unogona kuva nechirwere Ebola kuburikidza mabhanana? Mhinduro iri zvachose kunaka. Chero zvokudya, kusanganisira mabhanana, chirwere vectors havasi. The chete nzira utachiona kuburikidza zvokudya iyi: kana kutanga vakaedza utachiona, uye ipapo munhu utano munhu.

susceptibility

Kunzwisiswa sezvo chirwere Ebola, tinofanira kutaura kuti susceptibility kwevanhu kuti utachiwana chaizvo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chirwere kuburikidza kuonana utachiona muviri zvinwiwa murwere ari anenge 100%. Zvisinei, zviitiko idzokororo chirwere yakawanikwa. Unobva ichi, zvinokwanisika kuti mhedziso nyore ndezvokuti muviri anogona kubereka kutapata kuti chirwere ichi.

Kupi uye rini?

Vanofanira zvachose funga idzi apo wakaiswa Ebola. Saka, pakutanga kwezvose kupfuura ngozi iyi ndiyo kondinendi African. Kakawanda foci chirwere dzave zvakawanikwa nechepakati uye vokumadokero dzinopisa Masango Africa. Izvi kunonyanya kunyika dzakadai Sudan, Zaire, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Liberia, Senegal, Cameroon, Gabon, Kenya, Cameroon, Central African Republic. Nguva gore - uye chirimo. In Sudan, vakabatwa utachiona donje paguyo vashandi, kuparadzira chirwere pakati dzavo. In Zaire akanga nosocomial chirwere. Muchiitiko chino, vamwe nechirwere risingazivikanwi utachiwana vakaendeswa chivako wezvokurapa apo utachiona kwete chete vanamukoti vaishanda neropa uye nezvimwe zvinwiwa wevarwere, asiwo vamwe vagari muchipatara. Secondary kupararira akava mhuri varwere vaya vakatora kuchengetedzwa akatakura utachiona. Muna 1994 muZaire yaizotangira fivha rakanga nokuti kuti vagari vakatora kudya uropi tsoko utachiwana. Dzimwe nyika apo wakaiswa Ebola: Germany, USA, Italy. Paiva aiitisa miedzo uye zvidzidzo kweutachiwana, utachiona akanga INTRA (kunze pakutsvakurudza nzvimbo iyi nyaya, "kutaurwa" utachiona). Munguva ichangopfuura, Zvisinei, unogona kuwanikwa voga nyaya chirwere, hutachiwana munyika dzakasiyana pasi rose. Kutamiswa vanhu vayo vachangobva akashanyira Africa.

symptomatology

The incubation nguva nokuti Ebola mazuva 4-16. Mumazuva utachiwana mangwanani inoratidza pacharo nokuda chakasimba zviratidzo kuonekwa yakajeka. Pakutanga, murume anotanga kunzwa zvakakomba nemusoro, unopinza rinobuda tembiricha - kusvika 38-39 ° C, vanganzwawo kuda kurutsa, mukuru zvakawanda zvive. Vazhinji vairwara uye vanofunga zviratidzo zvakafanana angina: Uyu unogona kuva kuzvimba tonsils, kunzwa vanonzi "bhora iri huro," utrudnennoe kumedza. Kana utachiona kuri kuwedzera, murwere kwakakomba abdominal marwadzo, kurutsa, manyoka, ropa zvisikwa. Uyewo kuwanikwa ganda uye munyika kubuda ropa, ropa kurutsa. Vazhinji utachiona kwakakanganiswa tsinga. Vanova vashatirwa uye nehasha. Kazhinji ichi zvinhu zvikaramba pashure kunaya zvakakwana. About chechi5 zuva nefivhiri pavarwere kuonekwa okuvhurumuka - ganda nekumhanyirira. Kudzidza mberi, chii Ebola: Zviratidzo sezvo chirwere iri inoparadzirwa nevamwe zvinhu. Two gumisiro chirwere zvinokwanisika:

  1. Zvinouraya Mugumisiro anouya pamusoro 2nd vhiki zvirwere. Izvi kunoitika pamusana ropa, kudhaka, kuvhunduka inoti.
  2. Apore murwere rinotanga pashure kwevhiki dzinoverengeka murwere achaita "bata" ari rikwanise chokutambudzika chirwere. azere kupora nguva inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika mwedzi mitatu. Panyaya iyi, murwere anogona kutanga neanorexia. Kazhinji kunyange pashure kupora izere kubva kuchengetwa munhu chirwere chepfungwa.

yematambudziko

Achiziva chii Ebola fivha (zviratidzo, maperembudzi zvitange), unogona tigumise nyore kuti zvakaoma kuti apore. The fungidziro tubhokisi chaizvo varombo. Nekuti huno kumusoro uye utachiona kubva 50 kusvika 90% nyaya.

Diagnostics

Differential chirwere pamusoro Ebola rakaoma. Uyewo, chirwere ane hupfupi uye ari kukura nokukurumidza. Munzvimbo vakafunga vanhu vanowa kakawanda iyoyo chaiyo vakanga vari kondinendi African. Pangozi tiri nyanzvi vanoshanda pamwe utachiona zvinwiwa. Kuti tizive pamberi utachiona zvinogona bvunzo ropa rimwe chete. Zvisinei, muna Pakadaro, kutsvakurudza yaifanira panguva soro nenhanho kudzivirira utachiona. Masayendisiti Modern vakadzidza kuziva fivha, chirwere nzira vachishandisa vasiri rakapinza (achishandisa weti uye mate ivhu kudzidza varwere).

Nzira kurapwa

Kumba, hazvibviri kukurira utachiwana. Kuti aite izvi, inokosha midziyo uye mishonga. Sezvo panowanikwa chirwere kakawanda aine kupera mvura mumuviri muviri, zvakakosha kuti tirambe murwere Urume uye electrolyte mwero panguva inodiwa chechetere. Muchiitiko chino, ungada intravenous aizomupa zvinogadzirisa kuti ane electrolytes racho sezvamunoita. Kana mushonga kuzorwa utachiwana, izvozvo asi. Zvisinei, masayendisiti munyika kushanda kwake kuvamba. Asi kuchangobva kuitika zvinoratidza kuti ane mushonga inobudirira achakurumidza kuwanikwa. Asi nokuda uzere ayo Implementation uye kuparadzirwa inofanira waingova nemakore.

About vanachiremba

Nhasi, kubva zvachose chero kupi, unogona kudzidza kuratidza Ebola. Photos uye mavhidhiyo, nyaya uye tsvakurudzo mapepa panyaya - zviri kuwanikwa nechimwe ugere panyika yose. Pashure pezvose, masayendisiti chivimbo chokuti ruzivo vanhu vane, ndipo riri kudzivirirwa. Saka, kamwe zvakare ndinoda kupindura mubvunzo wokuti unogona kuva nechirwere Ebola kuburikidza mabhanana nezvimwewo zvinogadzirwa? Kwete Mukana chirwere kwazvo, muzasizasi. Asi kana munhu akafamba kunze munyika zvakanga zvamboshandiswa muhomwe neutachiona uye kuona kupfuura rimwe pamusoro zviratidzo, ipapo zvakafanira kuti pakarepo kurapwa. Zvakakosha kuti pakarepo kuenda vatiitirewo zvinotapukira. Uye chinhu chekutanga chiremba anofanira kuudza murwere: sei akanga achangobva asvika.

Zvokuita?

chiremba ose anoziva pamusoro chii Ebola, apo rinogona 'kuuya' uye zvokuita munzvimbo yokutanga. Saka, kana zviratidzo varwere muchipatara rokutanga. Zvisinei, hapana zvakakwana chipatara kwakajairika. Utachiona kuva nechokwadi kuisa mubhokisi, kunze dzose varwere (sokune nemarariya, kana chibhokisi). Shanda murwere kuti chete rakamanikana denderedzwa vanhu. Murwere havazokwanisi kunyora mazuva 21 kubva pakatanga chirwere pamberi (kazhinji kwakakwana kupora kwacho kunotora kuti mwedzi mitatu). Vachava zvokungwarira inokosha:

  1. zvinhu zvose, murwere zvipfeko zvichabviswa mavara. Hapana kunze utachiona, uye akatadza kushandisa zvose.
  2. Nokuti kurapwa uye mufambiro kuraswa nenhumbi chete anoshandiswa mukurapa. Pashure ivo vanofanira kana kupiswa kana sezvo autoclaved (sterilized uye kuraswa).
  3. Zvinoda rinokosha pakugadzirisa uye zvose muviri murwere zvinwiwa (inonwiwa yokutsvakurudza).
  4. Tsvimbo kuti anoshanda munhu ane HIV, unofanira kuva inokosha Anti-dambudziko suit wokutanga mhando.
  5. In tsiva, apo murwere ari, hazvo pave mhepo yakachena.
  6. Munguva yokudzidza, nyanzvi ropa anofanira kunyanya kungwarira.

ndakazoona

Wakabata pamwechete kuti, unogona utachiwana Ebola kuburikidza mabhanana kana chikafu, uye wakati akadzidza dzinokosha nzira yedzimudzangara, tinofanira kutaura nezvekuti nyanzvi achaita sei nevanhu vari kubatana murwere. Munhu aiva mumwe nguva pedyo utachiona kuripowo akaiswa mubhokisi chaiyo uye murinde kwevhiki nhatu. Muchiitiko chino, zvose zvemumba vari zvachose nomumwe, akanzi. All vanofungidzirwa zviitiko chirwere, varwere vachapinda yakananga immunoglobulin randinogara hyperimmune serum mabhiza. The izwi nenzira iyi anenge vhiki - mazuva gumi.

dziviriro

Kwaachazoratidza iyi angava matanho? Nzira yakanakisisa yokudzivisa kurwara - kwete kuonekwa munzvimbo kare kuchengetwa foci chirwere. Zvisinei, kana munhu anoenda kunyika Africa, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti tinoda sezvo shoma sezvinobvira neZvapupu mumuviri zvinwiwa ose veko, usagunzva ose primates. Kungwarira kunofanira kuitwa uyewo achitsva Masango Africa nomumapako. All zvemumba mune iyi inofanira kuva nomumwe nani - chenhando. zvokungwarira zvose izvi anoenderana vanhuwo zvavo. Nyanzvi vanoshanda zvakananga varwere, kungwarira vanofanira kuva basa tsananguro uye kuchengeteka zviyero dzakabudirira zvakananga nyaya dzakadaro.

zvichangobva nenhamba

Zvinofanira kuti zviitiko Ebola chirwere zvinochengetwa nhasi. Pangozi vacho West African nyika. Mumakore achangopfuura, varwere utachiona inowanikwa North America - the United States neCanada, uyewo mune dzimwe nyika dzomuEurope. Nyanzvi kutaura nechivimbo kuti Ebola - dzakakomba zvikuru dzinoitwa kutyisidzira vanhu vose. Chete nokuti nguva kubva February kusvikira August gore rino vakabatwa utachiona data, vanopfuura 1,700 vanhu, uyo 932 vakafa.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 sn.birmiss.com. Theme powered by WordPress.