Nhoroondo dzeShoko 34-zvinyorwa

Imwe "bazi" rinokosha rekufambisa kwemauto ndeyaro bhomba. Chinangwa chezvikwata izvi chakajeka kubva muzita ravo: dzinoshandiswa kurova pasi revengi uye zvinangwa zvehondo, kushandisa nekuda kweizvi mabhomba akawanda uye zvombo. Kusvika parizvino, nguva refu-refu mabhomba yebhagevhiya inomiririrwa neTu-95MS uye Tu-160, "refu-kure" Tu-22M3, pamwe nepamberi-mberi "mabhomba". I-Su-34 neSu-24 ndeyekupedzisira. Vanoita basa rekuita.

Kurarama kwavo kwakarurama sei?

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti mumazuva ano hondo yekufamba-famba zvakaoma kwazvo kusiyanisa kurwisa ndege kubva kumabhomba kana kunyange murwi wevanhu vakawanda, sezvo ivo vakafanana zvikuru pakati pavo zvose pakuonekwa uye mumabasa akawanda anogona kuitwa nawo. Asi izvi zvinofungidzira: kunyanya, imwe ndege yeSu-34, kunyange yakafanana neyevarwi, inonyanya kushungurudzika mukurwa kwemhepo.

Chimiro chacho chinopiwa kwavari chete kuti vaone kuti yakakura yeaerodynamic nekugadzirisa hupfumi, iyo inonyanya kukosha pakuramba kwavo kwemauto uye refu bhomba mutoro. Zvisinei, vamwe varwi vemazuva ano (somuenzaniso, mombe T-50 kana kuti "America" F-35) inogona kushandiswa sebhomberi. Asi zvakananga "mabhomba" anoramba ari nani zvakakosha nokuda kwebasa iri, sezvo vane zvakawanda zvekuita uye anogona kutakura nhamba yakawanda yemabhomba ane simba uye / kana zvombo.

Nhasi mamiriro ezvinhu

Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti NATO chibvumirano chemabhomba chaiwo, iyo ndiyo ndege yeSu-34, haina kuramba ichigadzirisa, sezvo yakatsiviwa nemhepo dzose. Semuenzaniso, wekupedzisira Lockheed F-117 yakagadziriswa kusimbi muna 2008. Nzvimbo yekuita bhomba-vanokanda mumharaunda yepamberi-line zone iko zvino inopiwa kuF-15E uye F-16, ngarava yemabasa aya inoshandisa F / A-18, iyo imwechete "Hornet".

Mukurwisana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya, nyika yedu inomira yakaparadzana, iine kamwechete mbiri mbiri dzebhomba: Su-24 uye Su-34. Nhasi tichataura pamusoro pekushandurwa kwemazuva ano. Uyezve, mufananidzo weSu-34 wakasiyana, sezvo unosanganisira zvinhu zve stormtrooper uye bhomba. Kusiyana nevaAmerica vaida kuita "wunderwaffe" mumunhu waF-22, injinjini dzedu dzakafamba munzira yekubatsira zvikuru, semugumisiro wemushandira mutsva unobudirira kuita mabasa ayo ose.

Front-line bomber Su-34

Nhasi, ndege iyi ine tarisiro yakakwirira, sezvo inofanirwa kugovera simba guru rekufambisa kwemauto munyika. Izvo-bhodhi midziyo yemushonga ndeyekuti inogona kushandisa zvose zviripo zvekudzivirirwa kwezvombo zvemhepo kusvika kune. Pakutanga, Su-34 yakasikwa kuti ishandise vatana ve Su-24M. Parizvino, kugadzirwa kwemidziyo iyi ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinotungamirirwa nehurumende yose yekudzivirira, mari yakawanda inopiwa nokuda kwechinangwa ichi. Uye kukakavara nemashoko akadaro kwakaoma zvikuru.

Kana, panguva yekuunza kunyika yeGeorgians, hondo yedu yakanga ine ndege mbiri dzakadaro, saka, kubva pakati pegore ra2015, paive nevanomwe makumi manomwe nemakumi mana muhondo. Pamuparadhi yeMay Victory , 14 motokari dzakadaro dzakaonekwa. Pano pane ruzivo rwekuti mapuraneti aya ose nyika yedu haafaniri kuva nemasere anodarika 150-200.

Kutanga kwekuvandudza

Nhamo, kunyange iyo inofanirwa Su-34 haisi iyo yakagadzirwa neRussia. Mukurumbira wake wakatanga kutanga musi waJune 19, 1986. Mufananidzo wacho wakazaira kokutanga musi waApril 13, 1990. Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti injini dzeSoviet dzakanga dzisingatangi kubudisa mutsva mutsva kubva kune "slate yakachena," uchishandisa zvigadzirwa zveSu-27. Iyi ndege yakasikwa zvakananga kuti ishandise Su-24, iyo yakatova yakakura zvikuru.

"Kutanga" kwakagadzirirwa kushanda panguva ipi zvayo yemasikati kana usiku, mumamiriro ese emamiriro okunze, pasi uye mukati (mumamiriro ezvinhu) zvinangwa. Chimwe chinhu chemuchina mutsva chaiva chokuti vafambisi vezvikepe vaigona kunyanya kuvhiringidza nekurwisa kwema ndege. Ichokwadi, pamberi pekurwisa ndege, ndege yeArmed-34 haina kubvisa, asi haisi "dha" risingadziviriki.

Yakareba kuenda ku debut

Muumbi mukuru ndiye Rolland Martirosov. Sezvatareva, chiitiko chacho chakafururuka muna 1990, asi imwe nzira yakasara yemuchina wekutora zvombo yakanga isingagumi kwenguva refu.

Saka, matanho makuru ehurumende anoongorora miedzo akapedzwa chete pakupera kwa2010. Uye mugore ra2014 ndege yeSu-34 yakave yakagamuchirwa. Zvinofadza kuti bhomba akaenda kune zvakatevedzana ... kubva kare muna 2006! Nyaya yacho yakabatwa ne Sukhoi inobata mumunhu weNovosibirsk Aviation Plant anonzi mushure mekuzivikanwa mutyairi wechipiri Chkalov. Mukati mekugadzirwa kwezvibvumirano zviviri zvakasimbiswa muna 2008 ne 2012, ndege 124 dzinotarisirwa kuendeswa. Kubva gore rapera, reUnited Defense rakashuma kuti kukokodzwa kwave kwasvika pakureba ndege gumi nembiri pagore. Saka, mugore ra2014, machina 18 akaiswa, apo se plan, zvikwata gumi nematanhatu zvakapiwa.

Kusiyanisa kubva kumukuru wenyika

Sezvatareva, Su-27 yakava mutungamiri webhomba. Nenzira, maererano nenhamba yevakwereta yakatorwa kubva kwaari, ndege iyi ndiye mutungamiri asingatauri. Saka, kunyange mukugadzirwa kwezvakaitika Su-47 Berkut, zviitiko zveSu-27 zvakashandiswa. Zvisinei, tinovhiringidzika.

Saka, iyo "console" chikamu chemaapapiro akatorwa zvisingashanduri, uye miswe yemichero yakakweretwa zvakare. Zvisinei, chimiro che fuselage chakashandurwa zvakajeka kuitira kuti uvandudze unhu hwemhepo. Asi ukama huchiri kuonekwa kune ziso rakashama.

Mhino yemushonga mutsva yakanga yakanyanya kuwedzerwa, sezvo kwakanga kusina antenna chaiyo ye radar. Mhedzisi yeputi yakagadzirirwa chimiro chakanyatsorongedzwa uye chakakomberedzwa. Pakati pechikamu ichi panewo imwe yerinar antenna. IRussian Su-34 haina chekuita.

Cabin uye mamiriro ekushanda evarayiridzi

Imba yacho inopetwa kaviri, yakadzikama zvachose. Kwenguva yekutanga mumakwikwi edzikirasi (pasi rose, nenzira) inogadzirwa nenzira yakakwana yeti titanium capsule ine mashizha masendimita 17 mm. Kupenya kwaro, uye kutevera muenzaniso wehupenyu hweMi-24 helikopta, inoshandiswawo. Munzira dzakawanda, nzira iyi yakakonzerwa nekupararira kweM MANPADS, ane zvombo zvake zvakagadzirirwa zvakananga kukundwa kwevatyairi vepurisa. Mhepo iri mumubhedha yemapurisa inopisa kana kupisa mhepo maererano nemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Kwenguva yekutanga chirongwa chekuuya kwevarwi "kubatana pamwe chete" chakashandiswa. Izvi zvinotsanangurira kushamwaridzana pakati pevatyairi vengoro, kunoderedza kuneta kana kuchiita kugadzirisa kwakaoma.

Kuruboshwe ndiye mutyairi, kurudyi - mufambisi wengarava. Kusiyana nemamwe mabhomba, maSu-34 (mifananidzo yaro iri munyaya) ane imba yakakura zvokuti inogona kusimuka nyore nyore uye kunyange kufamba. Kana ndege yacho ichinge yakareba, vatyairi vengoro vanogona kutendezana vachirara mubato. Panewo microwave yekudziya mhepo uye yekugeza. Vatyairi vepinda vanoenda mujongwe kubva kumucheto, vachishandisa kamuti kanobhururuka.

Kurwisa simba remuchina

Zvinotendwa kuti ndege yacho ndeyekirasi 4+. Iyo yepakombiyuta yepakombiyuta ine mapurogiramu matsva akazara zvachose anowedzera zvakanyanya kuponeswa kwehondo kumushonga, kuve nechokwadi chekukwirira kwayo. Izvi zvichaita kuti mugwagwa uye mutyairi wengarairi abhadhara zvakanyanya kubhomba.

Ndege ine unhu hwakanaka hwezvinhu zvekudenga, ine magadzirirwo emagetsi emafuta, inogona kuperevedzwa mumhepo. Kuvapo kwekugadzirisa kwemajini ine hupfumi hwepamusoro, pamwe nekukwanisa kuisa matangi ezvekutenderwa kukubvumira kuita mazaire akareba kwazvo. Zvakaitika zvinoratidza kuti Su-34 inogona kuva mumhepo kwemaawa gumi.

Kune vatyairi, mutoro hauwoni kupfuura mutoro wemutoro, kubva panguva yekufambisa inogona kuzorora. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chemuenzaniso uyu kubva kune akafanotangira ndezvekusununguka kwemaredhiyo emagetsi emagetsi, pamwe chete neyo modular execution. Kuvonga neizvi, chero chikamu che-on-board electronics chinogona kuchinjwa nechinhu chitsva, chinonyatsoshanda zvakafanana. Muzvizhinji, izvi zvinowanzoenderana nezvibereko zveSukhoi, nekuda kwekuti motokari dzemuchina uyu dzakatora nzvimbo yakakosha muRussia Air Force.

Shock capabilities uye kuzvidzivirira

Ndege inozivikanwa nekucherechedza zvakakwirira, chirongwa chekutsinhanisa dambudziko nemasvingo enyika, ndege uye pamusoro pezvikepe. Kushandiswa kweiyo midziyo inoita kuti zvikwanisike kuwirirana zviri nani nemhando dzakasiyana dzemapoka uye kuwedzera kubudirira kwekushandiswa kwehondo. Sezvatareva, michina inoratidzirwa nekwanisi yekushandisa mabhizimisi ese emazuva ano "akachenjera" uye zvombo, kusanganisira avo vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokutungamirira maitiro.

Radar countermeasures uye kushandiswa kwemajamming systems ndeimwe "kusimbisa" iyo inosiyanisa ndege yeSu-34 (zvayo zvinoshandiswa isu tinoparadzanisa). Iyi midziyo inoshamisa inowedzera mikana yemotokari yekurwisana kuti igare muhondo ine simba. Tichifunga nezveimba yakadzivirirwa, hupenyu hwevafambisi vezvikepe hunochengetedzwa panzvimbo yakakwirira. Nhasi, nyanzvi dzinopfuurira kushanda pakuvandudza maitiro ekurwa kweyi ndege inoyevedza, inowedzera kuwedzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvombo zvinogona kushandiswa nevatyairi vengoro kuti vakurire muvengi.

Practical application

Iyi bhomba yakashandiswa kakapetwa kaviri mumabasa ekurwa. Chikamu chekutanga chakatanga kusvika muna 2008. Ndezvipi ndege idzi dzakashandiswa zvakajeka ne ndege yedu, kudzvinyirira pfungwa dzakataurwa dzeGeorgia missile kudzivirira system. Kudzivirira kuwanda kwemavengi kunotungamirirwa pakurwisa ndege, nhau yeSu-34 yakave yakashandiswawo pakugadzirisa kushamwaridzana. Mukuwedzera, chiGeorgian beeches neC-125 zvakarongedzwa zvakagadziriswa nemisungo inokosha. Kukunda kukuru muongorori vehondo vanoziva kuparadzwa kwakakwana kwevengi radar 36D6-M, iyo yaiva pedyo neGori. Izvi ndizvowo zvakakodzera zvemichina inotsanangurwa nesu.

Basic TTX

Pakupedzisira, tinotsanangura maitiro makuru ekugadzirwa kwendege yakaongororwa nesu:

• Mapapiro akazara, mamita - 14.7.
• Zvose nzvimbo yemapapiro, m² - 62.
• Nhamba yakareba ye airframe, mamita - 22.
• Marefu ekureba kwe fuselage, mamita - 5.93.
• Maximum-off-off uzere, kg - 44 360.
• Injini - 2 TRDDF AL-31F.
• Mafambiro akawanda eSu-34, km / h - 1900 km / h (M = 1.6 M).
• Rutivi rukuru rwomhanya, km - 4500.
• Denga rekumusoro, km - 17.
• Rausus of combat use, km - 1100.
• Vashandi vacho vaviri vatyairi.

Chii chinonzi Su-34 (mufananidzo waunoona pamusoro) wakashonga? Nokuda kwehondo yakasimba, 30 mm GSh-301 cannon ingashandiswa. Nhamba dzayo dzakashambadzika ndeye 180 dzakapoteredza. Izvo zvakanyanya kuwanda kwezvombo zvinogona kuva kamwechete matani masere. Dombo nemabhomba zvinogona kuiswa kune 12 pyloni. Kurwisana nehupfumi-technikiti yekurwa kubva muvengi, shanduro ye REB "Khibiny" inoshandiswa.

Pano ari, veSu-34, vane maitiro anoongororwa nesu munyaya ino.