Orel dunhu: nhoroondo enyika Orel

Nokuda nzvimbo yaro, uyewo tsika nhaka Oryol dunhu zvaionekwa kwete chete pakati, asi moyo Russia. Kuunza guta rayo chikuru Eagle inobatanidzwa ushe Ivana Groznogo, uye paumbwe kumativi enyika kwakaitika yaitonga Catherine Guru.

Chii chaiva dunhu uye guta rayo guru, unogona kuona kubva nyaya.

nzvimbo

Orel dunhu yaiva chikamu Russian Empire uye gare gare Soviet Russia. Waivapo kubva 1796 kusvika 1928. Zvinowanikwa iri European kwenyika, izvozvo bordered zvinotevera enyika:

• Kaluga, Tula, Kursk (North).
• Kursk (South).
• Voronezh (kumabvazuva).
• Smolenskaya, Chervigiv (kumavirira).

Nzvimbo yaiva zvinopfuura makumi mana nezvitanhatu mativi makiromita, uye vagari yakasvika mamiriyoni maviri. Mukuru muguta raiva Eagle.

Nhoroondo yenyika

Orel dunhu akasikwa nemasere remakore, asi Slavs kunyange vasati idzi akararama. Vagari Ancient vaiona vyatichi. Mugore regumi remakore, ivo akasika guta rokutanga kuidzivirira kubva kumarudzi utsinye Polovtsy uye Pechenegs.

Kusvikira nemitanhatu remakore, nyika yakanga pasi vakawanda kurwiswa uye kuparadzwa nokuda Mongol nechisimba, uye gare gare nokutonga Lithuania uye Poland. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha pane iyi kwaiva Bryansk hugota, riri pamusoro nyika ramangwana province.

Nhoroondo Oryol dunhu chokuita chidzoke eguta Orel. Mugore parinowanika anoonekwa kuti 1566-ndipo. Orlowski akaumba dunhu Kubvira panguva iyoyo. Pakazosvika namasere remakore, Oryol dunhu chaiva weruwa Kiev, uye gare gare vaiva Belgorod, kusvikira pakupedzisira haana kuva tumisoro enyika hweRoma.

Nhoroondo mudunhu

Muna 1778, Empress Catherine II chirevo, umo hwakagadzwa Orel province. Pakutanga, zvakanga muzvikamu gumi mumaruwa, kunyange kubvira kare, nhamba yavo zvachinja. Political, zvechitendero uye zvetsika pakati raiva guta Eagle.

Mushure 1917, mudunhu ikaramba iripo kwemakore gumi nerimwe kusvikira yakaguma. By 1937 zvakanzi akasikwa Orel nharaunda, raisanganisira chikamu aimbova province. The guta huru munzvimbo aumba akava Eagle zvakare.

guta Eagle

Orel dunhu, mapikicha ayo akapa sezvo nhoroondo mepu, kwagara chokuita guta rayo nechepakati. We Sapasi muna 1566 (maererano panotaurwa kuti Nikon Chronicle). Panguva ino, maererano nomurau Ivan IV ari Anotyisa Eagle akavamba nhare kudzivirira kumuganhu wokumaodzanyemba oumambo.

Kubva 1577, zvakanga chaimbova Cossack Sloboda. Taigara kwake muguta Cossacks. The yokugara aiva chechi yemapuranga, iyo yainzi Intercession.

Muna 1605 muguta akatora Lzhedmitry kutanga hondo. Uye makore maviri gare gare yakava nguva yakagara Venhema Dmitry II. Kwapera makore mashomanana guta rave zvinoparadzwa Poles inotungamirwa A. Lisowski zvachose. Kuidzosera chete muna 1636, nokuti zvikuru kukosha kudzivirira nyika Russian kubva wechiTatar vachirwisa.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, muganhu umambo vakatamira kure nechokumaodzanyemba. Saka, pakutanga nemasere remakore Castle muna Orel izvozvo yakaguma, dzarasika ayo kuzvidzivirira kukosha. The guta vakatanga dzidzira ari zviyo zvokutengeserana, uye akava Nhongonya Oryol dunhu akasikwa, iyo gare gare tinoshandurirwa rwenyika, uye munguva dzazvino ndiyo nzvimbo Russian Federation.

Kutanga guta rakava negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore. Panguva iyi, yakanga yaitwa pakarongwa namabwe, pave madhorobha nyanzvi moto dziviriro, ndakagadza teregirafu mashoko, yakatanga rwezvemabhengi, paiva nemvura. Padded njanji uye mugwagwa kufukidza yayo Eagle pamwe nyika Ukraine, ari Volga nharaunda, kuBaltic nyika uye Chokwadi, Moscow. Izvi akamutendera kuti uve chinhu chokufambisa nomusimboti.

Kosha vanhu dunhu

Description of Oryol dunhu hazvina kwakakwana pasina kutaurwa hunonyanya hunhu yacho. On nyika ine matunhu akawanda akakurumbira Russian vanokudzwa mhuri. Orlovschine chokuita mazita vanyori vakadai Turgenev I. S., Fet A. A., Prishvin M., Pisarev D. I.

Chokuita nechitarisiko vakawanda vanyori, vazivi, vanyori venhau dzakaitika pamusoro idzi wayo wakanaka zvakasikwa, ari chizvarwa zvavo tsika uye akachenjera murimi mudiki tsika.