"Pleiad" - renyeredzi wenhetembo

Maererano kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro zvinoreva shoko "renyeredzi" rinoreva mumwe yevanhu imwe nguva uye mumwe mabasa. Shoko rinobva mungano yechiGiriki. Pleiad - vanasikana vanomwe Atlas uye Pleione, izvo Zeus akasimudza kudenga uye ikava renyeredzi. Nyeredzi matanhatu kupenya chiedza chinopenya, uye mumwe chete achinyaririra anovanza - nekuti iye, kusiyana nehanzvadzi dzake vanoteerera akasarudza vamwari vavanhu vanodiwa. Aaisitaura mungano, zvekare vafambisi yokudenga bhikoni kushumirwa renyeredzi Pleiades.

Hazvishamisi, ichi nzvimbo chinhu kwemazana emakore akawanda uye zvemakore yazova chiratidzo nevakawanda kuti mumhanzi vashumiri. Kunyanya yakajeka kuratidzwa renyeredzi hwokuchamhembe. hemisphere anowanikwa belles-lettres. Kunyange kare, ari III remakore BC, chikoro cheArekizandiria wenhetembo akaberekwa. vadetembi Seven, anoreva izvozvo - Homer Jr., Apollo, Nikander, Theocritus, Aramur, Likotron uye Filiki - vakaronga ari oga denderedzwa uye vanozviti "Pleiad". Izvi Muitiro anoramba munhoroondo mabhuku yekare sezvo muenzaniso mukuru nhetembo.

Zvemakore akapfuura, akambovapo inodzokororwa pacharo. Panguva Renaissance, muna 1540, France akazivisa pacharo vanyanduri itsva "Pleiades." Yaiva nguva French Romanticism, uye zvakawanda - the craze wenhetembo yekare. Boka duku vadetembi, akatungamirirwa Pierre de Ronsard kufukidzwa munhu echimurenga zvechokwadi purogiramu pakukura mabhuku National. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti naivowo vaiva vanomwe, vakatumidza nharaunda dzavo kwete chete se "Pleiad". Yaiva kuedza ndiponesezve uye kupa mutsva kufema chizvarwa mabhuku, uye panguva imwecheteyo, kwaiva mhando kusakoshesa nemakore netsika nhetembo French.

Chii purogiramu vadetembi "Pleiades" kunobva? Chakataurwa muna bhuku Joachim weZimbabwe Bellay, uye wakange Manifesto mutsa kwete ndiponesezve, asi kuti pave mabhuku matsva. Chizvarwa muduku vadetembi wakarwira chinhu vauye mabhuku French rekare tsika Alexandrine ndima. mumwe hwaizoita vakatsanangura kuti aiva ndero kwakadaro, nhetembo cheArekizandiria riri pedyo zvakakwana - uye mabhii, uye poetics zvavo. In zvakajeka simba uye gakava yekutanga wakaitwa usingaoneki kugutsurira kuti mutauro waamai: Zvirokwazvo, mutauro French ndiyo yakanaka, ane mukana wokuita zvakawanda, asi hazvina kufanana zvakangonyuka rechiGiriki kana kuti chiLatin, uye nokuti anofanira kutanga. Uye chii nzira okukura zano kusarudza "Pleiad"? Rakanga chinhu chakafanana kutevedzera vekare.

Munguva zvokudetemba vomunharaunda, yaisanganisira shanu - Etenn Zhodel, Jean-Antoine of Baïf, Remi Bello, Zhan Dora, Pontasi of Tyard. Zvinokonzerwa "Pleiades", iyo aburuka dzazvino, rava kuzivikanwa muenzaniso wechokwadi French Romantic lyricism uye nhetembo pamusoro Pierre de Ronsard pane shungu ruzivo mladoellinistov Renaissance. Nechekare ari 70s, mumakore ake akanyora ounyanzvi chaivo, zvikurukuru, akaramba ari munhoroondo French mabhuku "Sonnets kuti Helen" - pakutsaurirwa rudo rwake wokupedzisira tariro. Uye ane hapana zvisaririra titevedzere, hapana pakuremekedza dzake mwoyo Alexandrine ndima, asi pane chete nacho, kutambura mweya nyanduri.

In dzinouya munhoroondo mabhuku rave yakarira pachinhu shoko "Pleiad" nhetembo. Izvi zvakanga Zvisinei, evasingatombonamati attributive rokuti vadetembi imwe kuitika kana mumwe ichikosha. Saka, mazuva ano mabhuku kutsoropodzwa inowanzoshandiswa rokuti "vadetembi Pushkin renyeredzi", "renyeredzi vadetembi sirivha" zera. " Asi ichi ndicho sei Goethe akanyora, "remakore idzva -. Dzimwe shiri"