Political satire: tsanangudzo Genre, mienzaniso

A yakaoma, multi-faceted Genre inowanikwa dzakawanda unyanzvi siyana - enyika satire. Professional kurishandisa - ndiko kuva yakafara maonero, erudition, ruzivo kwesayenzi enyika, gamuchirai rinovaka, nounyanzvi achitsetsenura vakakwana uye chakakomba ainoita Genre ichi. Iye haadi nobwoni kuzviitira maonero, rinogona kukuvadza mumwe munhu wacho manzwiro, nokutuka nyore, nyadzisa.

Chii satire?

Satire - a Genre mabhuku uye uri, inova enyambo kana wokufananidzira kwokupa mhosva akaipa mananara muupenyu uye nzanga achishandisa ndyaringo, kutsvinya, kupamhidzira, zvinofananidzira, Parody uye zvokufananidzira. Musimboti satire ndiko kushandisa unyanzvi unyanzvi uye mabhuku zvinoreva kuti vabudirire kuoma kutsoropodzwa absurdities, kuzvipokanidza uye zvikanganiso. Aiwanzoshandisa satire kugamuchira vanyanye mhamhidzirwa. Satire Genre kwemazana emakore akawanda, uye ose nguva yaishandiswa kuziva akaipa magariro uye enyika zviitiko. Satire anogara zvainanga vanhu uye zviitiko.

Satirical mabasa anogona kuva netsika, enyika, zvechitendero. Kuongororwa satire chiri kuitwa kubva panzvimbo unexpressed yakanaka. Munguva dzekare, zvakanga musanganiswa satirical nhetembo uye prose, uye gare gare kuRoma Genre akaziva rusununguko. It anoshandisa kutamba, rwiyo uye nhetembo. Mienzaniso unyanzvi satire akasikwa Juvenal uye Horace. With vaishora Genre anorura mananara upenyu. In mabhuku pane yose mabasa satirical vakaparadzana Zvikamu, mamiriro ezvinhu kana zvifananidzo. Kubva enyika satire vanofanira kungwarira nokuti Genre ichi inogona parinoperera kusenza.

political satire

Genre enyika satire kwagara dzakakurumbira. Pasinei kwazvinoita mabhuku, satire runoratidzwa varikutonga uye ziso hwemashiripiti. The political satire pachena wacho uye magariro kusakwana, upenzi, kwesimba, kunaka zviito enyika vachishandisa ndyaringo, burlesque, uye dzimwe nzira. Genre enyika satire akadana kwete chete kuti varaidza vateereri, asiwo kurwisa zvakaipa chakajairika chaicho. Ndicho chinangwa chikuru, izvo kunoitwa pachishandiswa kusetsa.

Mabhuku mano, akadai kutsvinya, ndyaringo, juxtaposition, rubatsiro kuti vabudirire mumwe mugumisiro. Kumadziteteguru of Genre enyika satire vaiva Lucilius, Ennius, Horace, Aristophanes. Zvinofanira kuva manotsi aripo munyoro zvinosetsa, iro rinotarisirwa kuti iti chechetere kutsoropodza mumwe kero chaiwo. Zvikasadaro satire anotarira kuparidza, mushumo yakaoma kana hurukuro.

Kukosha satire

Political satire akasimuka nokuda mabhuku reRoma rekare. Hunosanganisira kudetemba lyric yemudzimu zvakasiyana hukuru uye tsika. Muverengi akavawana atsamwa, mhosva dzakasiyana inosiyana nokumunyima - mifananidzo zvakananga vanhu, mapoka, zviitiko. Satire - dzaitungamirira zvinoyevedza Genre rusununguko rwokutaura - kusiyaniswa kubva lampoon uye lampoon.

The unyanzvi ukoshi enyika satire wayo kukosha nhema mumagakava uye tsika kugutsikana, lyrical vosimba yakakwirira akakodzera satirist. Lyrical kuzviitira ruvara satirical basa kuwana Genre zvinoyevedza zvinhu sezvazviri, political satire saka ane hunhu tinongorarama kwemakore mashoma.

kuvazivisa satirists

Political satire anooneka ose uri - raro musiyano mukuru kubva evasingatombonamati mabhuku Genre. Rinowanikwa yemitambo, mabhuku, mafirimu, nhau. Kwekutanga satire kaiva Greece uye vechiArabhu nyika, Persia, uye kare Europe, America, Victorian England. Rinoshandiswa nevakawanda sezvo nzira kupomerwa remakore rechimakumi maviri, panguva kuvapo Soviet Union uye, chokwadi, munguva dzazvino.

Famous Soviet satirists I. Ilf uye Petrov akanyora yokufungidzira "Chairs 12", iro achibatsirwa zvinosetsa uye mabhuku mano akaseka rekuUnited vanhu Soviet. Political satire zvinobatanidzwa: Vladimir Mayakovsky, Olesha, D. Harms, Bulgakov, S. Marshak. Vazhinji Soviet satirists Wanga vaidzvinyirirwa uye akaongororwa vashandise ichi Genre.

Munguva yose "nyungudika" kuoneka satirical mafirimu, mapurogiramu eterevhizheni, izvo zviri pachena uye nokusetsa rokushora hurumende. Modern satirists - ndiko A. Raikin, M. Zhvanetskiy, G. Khazanov, S. Viola, A. Arcana, L. Izmailov, M. Zadornov. Nhasi, ari Genre enyika satire mu Russia haadi kuenda yakakurumbira, pamwero mukuru pamwero, raiva makore veSoviet.

Popular prices uye aphorisms

Kupfuura dzinonakidza uye asingakanganwiki aiva enyika satire (prices, mashoko, aphorisms) muna USSR. Yakanga kubva kwakauya mutambo mukuru mafirimu, nhetembo, prose, achifumura chinoshamisa pasingadiwi nguva. Mumakore ose Brezhnev otonga Makanga majee nezvake uye ake mitemo. Munhu wose anoziva kuti Leonid Ilyich aida Medals uye zvirevo, izvo pacharo rave paakavapa, dzimwe nguva kunaka. Ndokusaka paiva zvinotevera anecdote: "Muna Moscow, kwakava nokudengenyeka kwepasi. Izvi zvakaitika nokuti kuti kubvira cheya pasi bhachi Brezhnev pamwe Medals. "

Muzana remakore rechi21 enyika satire vakatamira vachibva munda mabhuku mune zvinhu hwemashiripiti. Nhasi katuni mifananidzo kazhinji kuwanikwa mune socio-enyika mapepanhau, chikuru Russian uye dzimwe mabhuku.