"Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda": An Analysis. Nekrasov, "Kufunga pamukova kumberi"

Mumwe yakakurumbira mabasa makuru nyanduri Russian Nikolai Nekrasov - the nhetembo "Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda," vane ongororo kunokosha yechiitiko dzidzo. Zvakanyorwa 1858. wokufananidzira mashoko ose yemunyori vari azadzwa tsitsi dambudziko vanhu Russian, asi "Kufunga ..." iri kunyanya kunonatsiridza leitmotif ichi.

tsika reflexing

Pfungwa kufungisisa, kufungisisa, kutiva munhu chinhu chinokosha mabhuku makuru Russian. Inenge zvose vaikudzwa vadetembi vaifanira kushanda pasi zita "Duma". Zvakakwana kuyeuka uye "Rwendo kubva St. Petersburg kuMoscow» Radishchev kana "Moscow - Petushki" Yerofeyev. In Mhedziso maererano ichi chete Russian mabhuku werudzii "mafungiro zvakadzama" akanyora ake basa Nekrasov. "Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda" Nyatsobatanidzwai kukodzera munzvimbo chaiko nouzivi pfungwa.

History chokusika

Zvinozivikanwa kuti enhetembo unhu zvidimbu - iye mukuru suo - aivapo chaizvoizvo. Yakanga nyanduri yake Russian vakatarisa ose zuva pahwindo rake. Uye kakawanda akamboradzikwamo vakapupurira pamusuo rino zuva nezuva kwaiva vazhinji vakanga vakamirira panyasha nomufaro zvikumbiro zvavo uye kutarisira, kusanganisira "mutana uye akwegura, nechirikadzi." Kamwe kuonekwa Kuzarurwa mufananidzo, akatambura nawo nhetembo yake "Reflections kubva pamberi pebiravira."

Zvisinei, chikonzero, kuti ade kugadzirisa nezuva akaona muenzaniso. Kazhinji, chimwe Nekrasov kuti nhetembo ari muvhidhiyo. Iye anoedza andobata nokutendeseka chaizvo chiitiko yake kana kuti kumushamisa nemurume. Pano zvakare nayo akanyorwa akarova munyori airevei, riri rabva mune ndangariro. "Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda," kuongorora nokusiyana yefurawa kuratidza zvizere udzamu ruzivo nemunyori.

kune nhema

Kamwe Nekrasov akaona nepahwindo, mune vatizire pasuo pakatarisana akaunganidza vamiririri ichokwadi Russian rudzi - varume vanoshanda panyika, chingwa vachengeti, kwete shure extensors. Iye movingly anorondedzera petitioners izvi vanonyengetera pachechi, "rakarembera blond musoro kuti chipfuva chake." Zvisinei, hapana munhu ari pamusoro zvakafanorongwa uye anokumbira kuti huru ruoko Russia, hapana anoda kufukidza ake kudenga kumbotamba upenyu hwakadaro yakanyangara vatambi, avo pakuonekwa kwavo mikumbiro. The murimi mudiki, nyama Russian nyika iyo akarumbidza Nekrasov nevamwe vadetembi makuru uye vanyori, kuti doorman akadana faceless nemhomho, chete Anodongorera dzavo leaky odezhy.

Mufungo wokuRussia murimi mudiki kumbobva Nekrasov uye nekutsvaga kusanganisira nhetembo "Reflections kubva pamberi pebiravira." Kuongororwa acho anoratidza sei mwoyo mudetembi wacho kusada uye kutadza zvavo vanhu kuzvidzivirira. Varimi havazivi kodzero dzavo uye vanomanikidzwa kuva vanotsvaka. The kudzika kuzviisa pasi ichi Ainyatsoziva Nekrasov. "Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda," kuratidza nayo shoko rose.

The protagonist - vanhu

Porter, vakadzidziswa kwemakore akawanda basa ravo nomukurumbira mwero vakadzidziswa pakarepo kunzwisisa ani ari kusangana uye chii munhu anofanira kuva mabiko. Akabva aona kuti petitioners 'dzakashata maziso "kuti" armyachishka kuzemberana pamapfudzi ake. " In akadaro akadzama, netsitsi huru, zvakanaka, zvinogona kunzi norudo Nekrasov anorondedzera pakuonekwa vakaneta inorema basa uye refu nevanhu.

Asi kuti pave mufananidzo rine runyararo pakarepo nokuparurwa unhu "chamboko", uye pakarepo kunoteverwa kwokukurukurwa nharo "hatidi kuita kwakandionza nemhomho". Kufanana tyava uyo rova, "Akarovera dhoo". Unonyanya anobaya mwoyo, achirangarira anenge nhoroondo yose vanhu Russian, avo tariro uye mwoyo, Nekrasov runoratidzwa mutongo rimwe, zvinotiudza kuti muverengi kuti petitioners 'KOSHLAY chakakonzerwa. " Zvisinei, kuti "dzakaonda pamuShuramiti" kuti vanhu vakaunganidza yakawanda nguva akanga haakudzwi kunyange zvishomanana peziso Switzerland. Zviri pachena, ichi anosiririsa sendi, uye munhu pamusoro pake - ziya rake uye ropa. Izvi azadzwa "Reflections kubva pamberi pevharanda," musoro nhetembo - ndiwo kutambura kwevanhu.

Owner dzinoyevedza makamuri

An chinokosha Nzira yacho nhetembo "Thoughts ..." ndiwo musiyano avo vanokumbira uye avo vanokumbira. Nekrasov kukumbira munhu "asingachengeti kufanana kwakandionza nemhomho", anopindura inenge chetatu basa. Anodana izvozvo "muridzi dzakaisvonaka makamuri", mudetembi anorondedzera hwake yataura simbe, musoro mabasa akadai "kworudo, makaro, mutambo." Uye upenyu uhwu, vakatsamwa munyori, anotenda "enviable", ndiye "kufara", asi nokuti "kuteerera mashoko akanaka." Weimba huru, akaenda kunyika nhetembo "Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda" haisi netsaona, uye mugumo wake achava joyless.

Mudetembi achimuti kuti hana yake, achitaura nevaya vane "ruponeso" rinogona kuva. Asi zvino munyori sokuti kuwanazve, achibvunza mubvunzo yakawanda pachake: "? Munoda varombo vanhu" kurwadziwa kwake pamusoro njodzi chevarwere, iyo Nekrasov vakazvipira basa rake, pamusoro Russian murimi mudiki, iye infiltrates kuroora ndima dzose, vachitevera rondedzero penya upenyu makamuri muridzi. Anoti kuti hakuna zvakadaro nzvimbo paivhu Russian, chero akanzwa gomera murume. The brunt hwake Nekrasov akakudza uchidzokorora shoko "kugomera". Iri rechiito ichi, uyewo vadiwa maererano munyori inonyanya pfungwa huru ake vanhu. Kuchema, encased mu nhetembo yake "Reflections kubva pamberi pevharanda," ari kuongorora manzwiro zvavo varume kukurudzira vaverengi kuriteerera.

Tariro kusuwa kusingaperi

Kuguma kwazvo detembo iri yakazara kudanwa, uye panguva imwecheteyo kubvunza avo munyori yakatsaurirwa unyanzvi hwake. Panyaya iyi, kudana mutsindo hope kweshoko, zvakafanana akatsiga sezvo chinangwa tinogomera, iyo iri Nekrasov kuti nhetembo rinonzwika zvishoma nezvishoma uye nguva dzose. The kweshoko kurara pachinhu munhu zvinoreva vamuke. With kuremekedza kuvanokudzwa, iye inofanotaura mugumo. Kusiyana kwakadaro kushandiswa rimwe kweshoko runogonesa kusiyana huru chigadzirwa. The chikuru Pfungwa "Kufunga kubva pamberi pevharanda" ndiko kuratidza musiyano kwete chete vatambi asiwo zviri hwavo.

Vakasimudzwa kuburikidza nepfungwa tsitsi

Izvi kushingairira vanhu venyu, uyo Nekrasov chose zvinenge mabasa ake ose, yave yakabatana chaizvo pauzima. Utsinye baba vake, disinheritance Nekrasov wakatangwa chaizvo mangwanani pamwechete yakanyangara chokwadi choupenyu. With makore 16 akamanikidzwa uwane pachake uye aiziva mangwanani sei nyika inoshanda. Chinonetsa akatora chokwadi kuti varimi, vane upenyu hwakakanganiswa woutsinye uye kutya kurwisa kurarama kusingaperi, haana kuedza kunyange kudzivirira kodzero dzavo, hupoteri vachiva novimba kufara kunyange huru namachinda navaranda vavo. izvi zvose waibatanidzwa rimwe dhigirii kana mumwe mu "Reflections kubva pamberi pevharanda," riri zvichida urongwa akaberekwa zvikuru gare gare.