Principles dialectic: marongerwo uye vanogutsikana

The nokukurumidza Kugadzirwa pakati sayenzi zvakasikwa yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19 kwakaratidza kuti pre-huripo zvikuru nheyo methodological zivo yesayenzi hakuchina anokwanisa kutsanangura mitemo mukuru kukura zvakasikwa, zviri chinonakidza muupenyu.

Uyewo, akaunganidza matambudziko munzanga hunhu, vachikumbira tsananguro zvesayenzi uye dudziro. Vakakunda zivo yesayenzi kare dzisiri uzivi uye nhungamiro yacho Hegelian dialectic vasingagoni kupa mhinduro mubvunzo kwemitemo munhoroondo okukura. The peculiarity kudiwa kuti nzira itsva yakanga kuti zvaida tsananguro zvakasikwa, zvichibva munzvimbo iri zvinhu pamuviri kubatana kwenyika.

A rakakura chitange yokukakavadzniswa nzira Marx kwakamboitwa yechipiri yezana remakore rapfuura, riri kukura yayo maonero mirayiridzo inokosha dialectics, vakati anodzivisa Hegelian uzivi - Marxist dialectic zvinhu hunhu aipfeka. mhando iyi dialectic rava chinoumba zvose mafungiro pfuma uye nenheyo ose dialectics zvoruzivo vakatanga kududzirwa kubva zvinhu chinzvimbo.

The dialectic, iri kupfuura Kazhinji, chinomirira zvose nzira zivo uye dzidziso, uye naizvozvo zvinosanganisira, sezvo zvinoumba zviri mukuru dzidziso uye maitiro nenheyo, mitemo uye mhando, hwaishandiswa zviri dzidziso iri pachena.

Mirayiridzo inokosha dialectics sezvinotevera:

Nheyo zvinhu sezvazviri chinoreva zvenyama nzira kugadzirisa inokosha mubvunzo uzivi uye chinoreva kuziva kuti hunhu nomumwe chinhu chiripo kunze pfungwa dzevanhu uye pachena mairi pachako. A kuratidzwa munyika pfungwa dzevanhu kumbowanikwa nedanho basa nevanhu, kureva, achifunga "rinoteerera" nyaya kana kuratidzwa kwokubwinya chavanoziva.

dialectic Principles uye anosanganisira akadai nheyo comprehensiveness, musimboti randinogara mune kuziva vakawanda ukama mananara zvakasikwa uye nzanga. Zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo vose zvinhu uye dzakaparadzaniswa chinhambwe uye nguva, pane kunanga kubatana pakati pavo, izvo sei zvivako zvavo uye ehurumende kuchinja. The kwazvo ukama izvi varipo munzanga. Asi nheyo iyi hakufaniri zvichishandurwa utilitarian, nekuti ruzivo kwevanhu vane nguva dzose hama uye havafaniri kuva ikava Mhedziso. Zvikasadaro, kuti dialectic degenerates mugomba dzidziso, iyo inodzidza uye inoongorora ose mananara wezvose mhiri vachikurukura zvavo chokwadi uye mhiri kunzwisisa kugona kwavo kukudziridza.

The yokukakavadzniswa musimboti okukura kunosanganisira pokukurukura chaizvo dialectics somunhu sainzi. Ndokusaka vazivi vakawanda, tichifunga zvinotaurwa dialectics anonzi nheyo kukura core. Pfungwa iyi, Chokwadi, integrates dzimwe nheyo dzose uye rinotsanangura kukanganisa kwavo sechinhu chinokosha.

Zvaidiwa kwacho vari ehupfumi dzakadai zvinhu zvinhu uye mananara, zvakadai nezvechii, nguva dhipuroya, achiita itsva nehurumende mutemo, irreversibility. Ndiko kutaura kuti aiziva ukama maduramazwi ezvinhu rwokufamba zvokunyama uye chisingaoneki zvinhu. Izviwo, tibvunze kuti dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika kuri pakuti sangano hakusi Linear nguva dzose, asi angaita somunhu kunzvenganzvenga, kumhanyisa kana deceleration, etc. The pachena uye nyore muenzaniso unoreva zvakawanda zvakadaro zvingava pamberi mikuru kuitika maviri kukura - mberi uye Rungadzokera Shure, chimwe nechimwe kunoratidza shanduro yakajeka pamusoro sangano iri zvinhu munyika.