Russian processor. Processors Russian kugadzira

The Developers of Russian Federation vakatanga kusika microprocessors yavo, izvo vanoonekwa yemakwikwi chaizvo toreva zvivezwa yokutungamirira mavanga. Kune kare sezvo kugadzirwa yokutevedzera, vachigadzirira maindasitiri kugadzirwa, uye vakaronga kuitika. Chii Russian processors - iyezvino kana ramangwana - zvakakodzerwa kutarisirwa?

The chikuru Developers Russian pamusoro processors

Russian IT-indasitiri ari kushingaira kukura. Rinonyanya yemazuva ano akura pakati zvikamu zvayo - ndiko kukura microprocessor, zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa mune hrs uye servers anowanzoshandurwa anonzi ane IBM-mapurani. musika uyu ikozvino akatonga yose pezvitsiga maviri - Intel uye AMD. Yemakwikwi zviitiko munyika, vashoma chaizvo. Asi hapana izvi zvinogona inopiwa mainjiniya Russian.

Pakati vaizotibata Chips kubva Russia, ndiani anogona kuva vakwikwidzi Intel uye AMD, sezvo vaifungidzira processor "Baikal". Zvinofungirwa kuti Chip achaita iiswe pamakombiyuta kuti unosimbiswa ehurumende masangano. Most zvichida, inozivikanwa microprocessor mutengesi akasika basa uye kugadzirira vakawanda kugadzirwa Chip ivhu - kambani MCST. It unobereka Chips pasi zvizivikanwe kuti "Elbrus" mune zvakawanda okunatsiridza.

Ngatikurukurei kuti zvinhu vanoonekwa ne-refu uye vanoshingaira processors mu Russia.

The processor yeramangwana: "Baikal"

Muna June 2014, vezvenhau Russian kuparadzira nhau: Bazi Trade uye Industry chinozoiswa murayiro nokuda pokumuka microprocessors, iyo vaifanira pashure iiswe pamusoro PC watengwa nehurumende zvinodiwa. Tiri kutaura machipisi pasi zvizivikanwe zita "Baikal". Chii chinoshamisa zvinhu runozivisa Chip ichi? Processor "Baikal" akatanga kuumba kambani 'Baikal Electronics ". Mari chirongwa Centre "T-Nano", izvo akasika dzesangano "T-Platforms", ne kutora chikamu kwe "Rosnano". In basa riri processor makabatikana huchashandiswa-United Corporation. Zvinozivikanwa kuti chirongwa anogona kubatanidzwa pezvitsiga akadai Depo Computers, «Aquarius" uye Kraftway.

Zvinofungirwa kuti processor "Baikal" chichange akasika mushanduro dzakawanda. The vokutanga vachava, maererano nedzimwe data, 8-makirisito Chip Baikal M, uye M / S kuti hrs uye servers. Vachanzi kubudiswa kwakavakirwa 28 nm michina, uyewo makirisito Cortex A57, kushanda 64-ikakuruma hwaro. Performance "Baikal" processors vachava kumativi 2 GHz. Zvinotarisirwa kuti Chip achava inowirirana Linux. Gare gare zvichafadzawo kusunungurwa 16-makirisito chip. Vari inoumbwa 16 nm michina. Pane mishumo kuti processor Russian "Baikal" iri yokutanga yakavamba vachaitwa kubudikidza Taiwan kuti TSMC.

Brand "Elbrus": Key Facts

Other kuzivikanwa zvose muRussia uye kunze microprocessor pefiyumu - "Elbrus". Chips pasi muchiso ichi wakatozviitirwa wakabudiswa mhando dzakawanda. Pane hunyambiri-makirisito processor "Elbrus". Pane Chips pamwe 4 kana kunyange 8 cores.

Pane uchapupu hwokuti munguva yemberi iri pedyo PC achaita kusumwa kumusika yakavakirwa processors izvi. chip Now kwakavakirwa "Elbrus" akasikwa makombiyuta kushanda ivhu siyana okunatsiridza - kemabhuku, kuzvihwitsi, pakombiyuta, servers. The chikuru vatengi pamusoro PC iyo Russian processor achaparadzwa iiswe, akasika MCST vanotarisirwa kuva kuzvidzivirira hurongwa. Uyewo, pane tariro kudiwa kubva mabhizimisi makuru. Chips "Elbrus" anogona kumhanya pasi huru uchishandisa marongedzero IBM-mapurani hrs - Windows, Linux.

Ngatikurukurei, sezvo processors "Elbrus" akasika.

Processors "Elbrus": nhoroondo

The kombiyuta yekutanga, unotanga nhoroondo zvizivikanwe, akasikwa nemasayendisiti eSoviet muna 70s. Ivo vakava kadambari yakaoma "Elbrus-1". Zvakange inobva mhando TTL chips huri maumbirwo processors 10 zvachose kukwanisa vanenge 15 megaflops. Kusvika pamwero uyu yaitova muchina: zvikurukuru, nheyo yakafanana kuurayiwa mirayiro kwave chinozoiswa mariri. Maererano nedzimwe nemishumo, nyika yakatanga kombiyuta kwakadaro kwakanga asipo. RAM vhoriyamu "Elbrus-1" akanga 64 MB - kupfuura zvakanaka.

Nokuti yakasiyana kombiyuta Soviet akatanga kukura yayo uchishandisa maitiro uye zvirongwa mitauro wacho. Muna 1985, pakava kunzwisisa "Elbrus-2" ndiyo nani muenzaniso mumotokari wokutanga. Aikudzwa nokuda yoku- nechigadziko zvinoumba pamusoro machipisi akadai ECL. Uchitikurudzira kuita processor yekombiyuta ane zvinopfuura 125 megaflops. Mavakirwo kombiyuta module musimboti rakatangwa. Complex "Elbrus-2" dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira azvipire kuita uye kugadzikana nokushanda. Zvinozivikanwa kuti yaishandiswa panguva dzakasiyana-siyana uto zvivako. Total indasitiri Soviet yakabereka 30 zvivako "Elbrus-2".

kumumvuri "Elbrus-3" kombiyuta yaigadzirwa 1990. Asi panguva iyoyo, nokuti zvematongerwo akaoma ezvinhu munyika, mari nokuti basa kwakaregwa. Zvisinei, kare muna 1992, zvakatanga LLP "Moscow ari SPARC-ruzivo Center", nokukurumidza zita kambani MCST. Kambani vakatanga kubereka maindasitiri hurongwa, izvo zvaibva yakakurumbira ipapo SPARC michina akasikwa Sun Microsystems.

Solutions kwakavakirwa SPARC

Kushanda zvingaitwa kwakavakirwa SPARC, MCST kambani kwakasimbiswa yayo chigadzirwa ari muchimiro microprocessor. Mushanduro yayo mapurani vamba zvazikamwa E2k. The muenzaniso rokutanga processor anoritsanangura, inonzi R150, yakabudiswa muna 2001. Process michina kunoburitsa kushandiswa 350 nm michina. Ndaishanda yokuRussia processor ari kakawanda 150 MHz panguva imwe goho pamusoro Unorudzi 150 megaflops.

Muna 2004, kwakanga zvikuru simba Chip - R500. Its wachi maitikiro raiva 500 MHz. Iye yakabereka sezvo chikamu yepamusorosoro mitemo - 130 nm. Muna 2007, kuti kambani zvabudisa hunyambiri-makirisito processor MCST R500S, zvinosanganisira zviitiko mumunda SPARC zvigadzirwa. waivako Its aiva 1 GFLOPS.

Panguva imwe chete pokumuka machipisi inobva SPARC MCST kambani mubasa pakusikwa processor, zvakavakirwa zvachose yayo pakukura mainjiniya. Saka, nokuda 2007, yakanga zvakasikwa uye vakapfuura ehurumende nemiedzo Russian processor "Elbrus". Rakanga zvinogadzirwa maererano mureza 130 nm uye kushanda ari kakawanda 300 MHz. The processor akanga akashongedzerwa rimwe chete chinoumba uye kushanda ari kumhanya 4.8 gigaflops. Chip ichi, uyewo kuitika pamusoro pake, chakaratidza kutanga mhuri yose machipisi, akakurira Tech, mukuru-kuita dambudziko. Ngationgororei navo.

"Elbrus-S»

Yokutanga Serial Chip kubva MCST - a processor "Elbrus-S», yakabuda 2010. Rakanga yakabereka maererano mureza 90 nm. Chip Izvi zvinogona kushanda pane imwe kakawanda 500 MHz uye nechokwadi chokupika Unorudzi 8 GFLOPS.

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti yakafanana unongotaura aigona kuratidza AMD Athlon 64 Chip unoshanda panguva kakawanda 2.2 GHz.

"Elbrus-2S +"

Muna 2011 nayo akazviratidza zvinotevera nadzurudzo of processor - a Chip "Elbrus-2S +". Rakanga zvinogadzirwa maererano mavakirwo 90 nm, asi ayo waivako yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru - gigaflops 28. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti zviratidzo zvakafanana aigona kusvika Chips akadai Intel Core 2 navaviri, uye Intel Core I3. Pane uchapupu hwokuti mberi kwakadaro kwave kubudirira kunokwana Developers kuti pematanho processor chinoumba 4 zvimwe Chips. chikamu ichi anoita digitaalinen chiratidzo kugadzira. Zvisinei, imwe midzi processor runoenzanirana mhando sezvo kuverengwa MCST mainjiniya, inozivikanwa mu kukwirira zvekuvaka kusunungurwa rikurumidze. Saka, muna zvinotevera yemashoko "Elbrus" chikatsiviwa dzimwe mhinduro.

"Elbrus-4C"

Muna 2014 akatanga ari Serial kugadzirwa inotevera microprocessor rounyanzvi - ". Elbrus-4C" Chip ichi chakagadzirwa 65 nm michina. Paro (navo, ukuwo, 4) anoshanda ane kakawanda 800 MHz. Mumwe nomumwe wavo vakagadzirira pamwe 2 MB ose cache ndangariro. Zvinokwanisika kuita kubudiswa chokupika 50 gigaflops. Izvi zvinenge zvakafanana, somuenzaniso, Intel Core i7-975 Chip - 53 gigaflops. Simba Russian Chip - 45 watts or. In ichi chinhu zvokudya "Elbrus-4C" processor, sezvo nyanzvi dzakawanda vanotenda, mari yakawanda kupfuura American kukura.

Chip pamwe 4 cores kubva MCST - rimwe seanokwanisa kuita zvinhu zvizhinji. Bv, Laptops, servers, kuzvihwitsi - Types makombiyuta umo CPU anogona kuiswa. Chaizvoizvo, mudzinza makombiyuta, izvo kunoitawo kambani MCST, pane michina iri configurations zvose dzakasarudzwa.

"Elbrus-8C"

The Newest processor kubva MCST - ane 8 cores "Elbrus-8C". The Chip kunobva mwero 28 nm, riri kuunza nayo munyika tiite microprocessor mazano. The Maive ndangariro rechipiri chechetere pamusoro Chip cores "Elbrus-8C" - 4 MB, wechitatu - 16 MB. The processor unogona kushanda zvakafanana mwero RAM mhando DDR3 1600. The chokupika chip fari, sezvo akayera nokuda Masvomhu pakati chete nemazvo - 250 gigaflops. The processor 4 ane ndangariro controller. Rate throughput nokuti interprocessor date Exchange channel - 16 GB / chik. Award-waivako Chip - 250 gigaflops. Sezvo kwazvinoita mabasa wokuRussia nyika analogues processor? Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti Chip ndiye ari Intel Core I7 4930K ichibudisa 130-140 gigaflops. Kunyanya nokuti "Elbrus" processors achangobuda vari motherboards zvitsva, uyewo yoga shanduro Os. Uyewo, zvimwe, ivo vachava kukudziridzwa pamusoro multiprocessor kombiyuta Chip yakavakirwa.

Pane uchapupu hwokuti pakazosvika 2018 kambani achasunungura processors akafanana MCST "Elbrus-16C". Zvavo zvakagadzirwa vanokwanisa - 1 teraflops. Zvinonzi zvakare kutarisirwa kuti muitiro Chips hwuchavapano pasi tsika asingasviki 28 nm.

Chip tarisiro

Sezvo Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira wakabudiswa Russian muchiso processors? Reviews vakawanda IT-vanachiremba, zvinogona kunzi, nechido.

Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Somuenzaniso, Developers zhinji vanozvikudza pamusoro ndechokuti yacho processor wakasikwa Russia, uye mumamiriro ezvinhu umo refu mamiriro ezvoupfumi akanga haakonzeri yezviri kuvandudzika IT-indasitiri mu yepamusorosoro uye yakakwirira-kuguma chidimbu yakadaro nguva. In mazwi maitiro kunyatsoongorora processors uyewo kazhinji zvakanaka.

Pane mamwe mashoko kubva penyanzvi kubata Marketing tarisiro nokuda Chips. Kuti vave mari, tinoda misika hombe, idzo inogarwa vatungamiriri venyika. Kukwikwidzana navo, nyanzvi vanoti, haangavi nyore.

Zvisinei, maererano vamwe vaongorori kuti processors "Elbrus" zvinogona kuva musoro nzira mhinduro kubva Intel uye AMD muna Russian Federation, kunyanya mashoko wenhumbi zvechiuto, umo Developers akaisa mberi zvikuru inoomesera zvinodiwa ari zvatinoita rakavimbika zvigadzirwa zvinoriumba uye vakachengeteka zvavo kushandisa. Company MCST, nyanzvi dzinoti, zviri hunogona kuunza mashoko zvaidiwa kuti processors ayo maererano nezvinodiwa.

Os "Elbrus"

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kunyanya nokuda kombiyuta enyika MCST kumhanya pamusoro processor "Elbrus", mumwe yoga uchishandisa hurongwa akasikwa. Zvisinei, nheyo dzaro aiva Linux tsanga iri shanduro 2.6.33, pasi pakadzika inokosha kugadzira. Zvinoguma kumhanya "Elbrus", dzinoratidzwa soro nenhanho kuchengeteka uye kugadzikana mune basa. Pakasikwa wokuRussia uchishandisa mamiriro vave achishingaira kubatanidzwa unyanzvi pakati INEUM pavo. I. S. Bruka.