Second US President Dzhon Adams: A Biography

Dzhon Adams yakanakisisa inonzi US mutungamiri wechipiri (1797-1801 biennium). pauduku hwake vakawira British utongi. Pashure pokuchinja, akava nomukurumbira nomukurumbira uye vakuru. Pamwechete kubva muhofisi President Adams vakaguma riitwe mune zvematongerwo enyika, uye kwemakore akawanda vaigara chinyararire vava pamudyandigere.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Remangwana US mutungamiri wechipiri akaberekwa muna 1735 muna Quincy. By American mitemo, yakanga yakadzika midzi Resettlement. Zimbuya Adams kuenda kumavirira, vakagamuchira maeka 40 munyika sezvakarayirwa King Charles I Stuart.

John akaberekwa mumhuri kurima. Nechekare ari mutana, akabva guru netsamba uye epistolary nhaka. In netsamba dzake, US mutungamiri wechipiri akataura kuzvikudza pamusoro baba vake, achimuti "zvikuru kutendeseka akatendeseka kwazvo vanhu." Kolonistskoy Maererano netsika, mhuri yose yakanga mari kuti chinhu kutumira mwanakomana mukuru kukoreji. Muna 1755, gore Adams kudzidza Harvard. Ake sainzi kufarira akatanga mitauro, kunyanya Latin. Akanga achiverenga vanyori vakadai chakazvimiririra nemafungiro Kujekerwa, vose Milton uye Voltaire, uyewo Classics - Plutarch uye Virgil. Education akaita basa rayo - Adam ndokupera basa mufundisi, uyo aigona kuvhenekera kwaari pashure kukoreji.

Mudzidzisi uye gweta

In hwake, Dzhon Adams aishanda semudzidzisi chikoro. Haana kuda kumira ikoko uye akatanga kudzidza mutemo. Muna 1758, Adams akava gweta, uye izvi chichiwanikwa zita pachavo. Purezidhendi ramangwana wechipiri United States vaigara Boston - rimwe remaguta makurusa American panguva. Pakanga vachingotaura upenyu, izvo zvinoreva basa rakawanda kuti anoshingaira gweta.

Career jerk nokuti Adams akatanga kuzvidavirira nemasoja British vave mhosva pakutevera bongozozo kuti vakagamuchira zita iri historiography yeBoston Urayai. kutongwa Izvi zvakaitika muna 1770. Lawyer tizadzise kudzivirira kwayo uye akanunurwa kwemamiriro vanhu vanoverengeka.

Kubatanidzwa upenyu enyika

Adams kuti rezvematongerwe akatanga muna 1765, apo akanga pachaunga vakaratidza kusagutsikana kwavo nehurumende yeBritain vakapfuura Stamp Act. mutemo uyu zvinoisa mamwe mabasa ari basa kwema vose dzokuAmerica dzaitongwa. Kutaura zvazviri, Britain kamwe zvakare kuti mari iri pasi dzavo mhiri kwemakungwa zvizvarwa. The chiito zvakapfuudzwa kuti kuvhara buri bhajeti roumambo, yakaumbwa mumakore War Years Seven ' mu Europe. Nokutsoropodzwa chisarudzo ichi uye azviratidza kudhindwa inotevera purezidhendi USA. Photos mudura miziyamu yemabviro Declaration of Independence rinewo siginicha yake.

Zvadaro, muna 1776, akanga atova Adams rakakurumbira enyika ainyatsoziva pamutemo nezvehukorokodzwa. Izvi tarenda rake nenyanzvi zvinobatsira chaizvo kuti purezidhendi remangwana Continental Congress, apo vaitaura Chirungu dzaitongwa vakasarudza kusiyana nyika mai vavo.

Wenyika

Panguva American Revolutionary War , Adams haana pamberi, asi yakawanda yokuita pamusoro pamutemo uye nedzenyu munda. Akava mumwe vanyori reMitemo rekuUnited mamiriro Massachusetts. Nyika iyi yaiva yaakaberekerwa mutemo, uye, chokwadi, aisagona kugara kure nemabhizimisi dzemo.

Muna 1777-1779 gg. Adams aiva wokutanga US mumiririri kuFrance. Bourbon umambo kare vakaziva kuzvimirira ungano dzaiva kuti kuderedze nzvimbo United Kingdom. Kingdom akabatsira vokuAmerica uye hondo. Pakapera hondo pamwe kukundwa kuBritain, rugare chibvumirano yakanga yakasainwa kwete kwese, asi muParis. Ikoko, muna 1783 uye vaipinda John Adams, uyo akatora Zvinoshingaira pakuswedera vakasimudza zvakatinakidza chibvumirano. At ichi ake nedzenyu basa harina kupera. The gweta achiri nemakore akawanda sezvo mumiriri Great Britain, ipapo muna 1788 pakupedzisira kumusha kwake.

Vice-mutungamiri

Nechitarisiko pamusoro US mudzimba zvematongerwe enyika Adams akasarudza kupfuura kubudirira. Sezvakangoita nyika yakanga anozadziswa zvemitemo kuchinja vaifanira kuumba pachena mamiriro ezvinhu. Maererano migumisiro zvinhu muna 1789 akapa US Mutungamiri wayo wokutanga - Dzhordzh Vashington.

Adams aiva yepedyo mubetseri wake uye mutsigiri. Hazvishamisi kuti Washington garei simba, iye akabata chigaro Vice President - yechipiri chinzvimbo muboka revatungamiriri.

Head wehurumende

Dzhon Adams (aiva purezidhendi weUnited States wechipiri) akasarudzwa musoro wehurumende muna 1797, pashure pakuguma rokuti hofisi kuna George Washington. Yakanga inovhiringidza nguva, azere inopenya zviitiko. hurumende Young American akaramba achitsvaka kuzivikanwa dzakawanda, kuva womukati kwezvivako uye akakura akapfuma.

Pamberi Adams kwakasvika muPhiladelphia, apo, zvikurukuru, inoitwa nokuda Continental Congress. Zvisinei, panguva pakuguma XVIII remakore kwakasarudzwa kuvaka guta idzva kuti aizova nzvimbo paruzhinji tajaira. The yakakurumbira White House wakauya panguva apo nzvimbo maigara purezidhendi weUnited States rechipiri. The Biography mugwaro iri rakanga rizere nezvisarudzo zvakaoma.

Apo Adams akatanga nedzenyu hondo pamwe France, chinoratidzwa musazonetsanazve fleets kunyika maviri muAtlantic Ocean. Ichi chiitiko dzakaitika ainzi xyz Chikonzero. The chiitiko kukanganiswa mumhepo Washington.

The anopesana France aiva kutsoropodzwa Adams noudzvinyiriri echimurenga hurongwa kuParis. Panguva ino, iyo Jacobites akapidigura poumambo uye kunyange kuuraya mambo. Uyezve, mumwe rapprochement pamwe United States akaenda nokusingaperi anokumhan'arira kweFrance, Great Britain. Izvi zvakaitika kunyange akwegura nokusawirirana pakati akare nyika mai uye mapoka.

VokuAmerica uye Britain akasaina Jay Treaty, iro initiator kwakanga wechipiri US President Dzhon Adams. Nyika mbiri akasimbisa basa uye kubva ipapo nguva dzose dzakapinza kubatana. The kunetsana ane France unokosha zvaparadzwa noukama pakati Washington uye Paris.

mumakore achangodarika

Adams aiva muvengi mukuru mumwe piyona Thomas Jefferson American itsika. Muna 1801, akava purezidhendi wechitatu United States. Adams akasiya mutemo uye handichisiri akabata chinhu mbiru. Kunyange zvakadaro, akaramba achishingaira paruzhinji nzvimbo yokutaura paaiva private munhu. Achiri muduku Adams akatanga tsika anochengeta dhayari. With zera zvaakanga aunganidza guru uye rinokosha zvinhu. netsamba dzake (rakabudiswa pashure) vava chinokosha tsime ruzivo pamusoro pamakore okutanga ariko kuUnited States uye kuitwa zvigadziriswe zvinokosha sarudzo.

Adams akafa murunyararo 1826 nomutauro wake Massachusetts. Aiva nemakore 90 okuberekwa. Zvizvarwa ucharangarira iye somumwe dzakavamba dzamadzibaba United States, vakava creators ose American rudzi.