Sei Gengi of Central Bank of Russian Federation, pamusoro "Forex" uye MICEX?

Exchange rate vanongogara vachingotya kusiyana-siyana, kuitira kuti tidzivise ngozi zvemari uye zvoupfumi hunhu, zvinokosha kunzwisisa achifanotaura mashandiro uye mashandiro kuti anotsanangura sei Gengi aumbwa.

Ichi nhasi zvichinyanya kushanda nyaya, kana Russia iri kuedza kubva dhora nedoro, utevere yakazvimirira negwaro. Kuti tinzwisise zvimwe zvipingamupinyi panzira iyi minzwa, unofanira kunzwisisa kuti Gengi achiumbwa Russia uye pasi pose.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Kusvikira thirties remakore rapfuura, nyika dzakawanda vakavhura vanonzi goridhe mureza. Maererano naye, currency Ndarama tigutsikane wakaiswa. Hurumende aifanira kuchinja mari yayo nderendarama. Kuti atsigire maitiro wakatangwa vaitofanira ukama pakati mari romugove munyika uye ayo reserves nendarama. Maererano goridhe tigutsikane uye kuumba mapoka avo. Somuenzaniso, mumwe US Dollar wakaiswa makumi maviri hundredths ane tsanga ndarama uye rimwe paundi maviri-matatu, - rimwe zana namatatu zviyo, kureva hundredths-nomwe masere mana achitandadza nguva yakawanda. Maererano Masvomhu aya asarudze nzira, apo mumwe paundi akanga akaenzana 4,87 madhora.

goridhe uye vatorwa Exchange hurongwa

Mushure thirties uye Great Depression muna America munyika dzakawanda hwakagadzwa goridhe uye vatorwa Exchange gadziriro apo mari kare raumbwa tichiregeredza ukama kusvika kuchengeterwa mari, waiva dhora. Kuramba rate-mwero Kugadzikana kwakabatsira akamiswa muna 1944, International Monetary Fund. By mipiro vakamira panze zvikwereti kuna States kusangana nematambudziko zvemari.

Zvinoyangarara Gengi hurongwa

Ko Gengi? Mune manonwe, kuti kutsiva goridhe uye vatorwa Exchange gadziriro akauya kwegadziriro zvinoyangarara Exchange. Zvarinoreva nhema pakugadzirwa dzimwe Exchange nokuda ukama romugove uye kudiwa, sezvo kuchengetedzeka pamusoro Stock Exchange. Zvisinei, kuti Gengi haana tichasunungurwa zvakakwana. Paaizosvika mumwe muganhu pakusava akanga parity (sezvo kubva 1979 muEurope), uye Central Bank munyika, ekufambisa zviito zvavo nedzimwe nyika, pamutemo achinja kosi. Kana kuchinja vaiva kutapudzwa, ipapo munhu kuonga uye kuwedzera - the kuderedza. The muganhu zvasvika apo Kuchinja vashoma muzana, asi muna nineties, chakatowedzera kusvika gumi muzana.

Revaluation uye kuderedza hazvisi chete nzira wehurumende Kupindira mubishi akutsanangurire kuti Gengi aumbwa. Kuti tidzivise nokufamba simba vanopinda anonzi mari kupindira, apo, kana Gengi anowira vanotenga izvozvo, asi kana zvakasiyana - tengesa.

The mashandiro hakusi kubudirira nguva dzose, sezvo varidzi National mari kunze havasi pasi mirayiridzo hurumende yavo. Somuenzaniso, kana US anomutsa chikwereti, asi chimbadzo usapinde dzakabatana kunze US inoramba yakafanana, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinoyevedza.

General zvikonzero nekufemera paumbwe Gengi

Ko Gengi pamusoro Stock Exchange, nemabhengi nehurumende yose.

1. Kunze kwenyika uye kupinzwa. Epamusoro mitengo mukuenzaniswa nyika, chichavawo chikuru kuunzwa. Saka, mutengo dzimwe mari richava dzakakwirira.

   With mari kukura kuchawedzera kudiwa kupinzwa, zvichikonzera depreciation National mari.

   Ukuwo, mhiri kwemakungwa mutengo kuti dzimwe mari ipfupi pane yakakwirira National mari.

2. kufamba guru. Kana akakumbira, kuti investor achagamuchira mukuru mari dzekunze mari, deposits, mumatanda, zvisungo pakumanikidzwa wokumwe mari mutengo inowedzerawo.

   Ukuwo, kubhadhara kune hurumende kusimbisa Gengi vayo mari.

3. Data goho uye date goho kumirira. date Izvi zvinosanganisira: racho wehondo kunyika, zvoupfumi zviratidzo, Mitsara kuchinja mubereko rates, huru zvoupfumi zviratidzo uye zvakawanda.

4. Activity. A rakakura simba pamusoro kufamba mari Exchange, iyo Fund riri kushanda kana bhizimisi mune dzimwe mari. Vane pfuma huru, vakakwanisa kuita kosi kutamira chero divi.

5. Mabasa exporters uye importers. Ndivo currency vanoshandisa pamusika kuziva kutengeswa uye kutenga dzimwe mari. Zvisinei, matambudziko zviri chisingakoshi uye pfupi, nokuti bhuku ravo kwema negligibly diki tichienzanisa zvachose Vhoriyamu kwema vari vatorwa Exchange pamusika.

6. Mashoko enyika. Pamisangano siyana, RESE, wokudhinda Misangano nezvimwewo zviri kunyatsoongororwa zvazvaiita mune mashoko akadaro pamusoro-mutsetse, ipapo mari pamusika pakarepo zvaanoita zvichienderana nesimba mashoko.

   Munhu wose anoyeuka kuguma 2014, apo President Russian V. V. Putin vake waivako mumwe pakarepo akagadzikana ari Ruble ( "kutaura zvazvingava"), saka kumbomira nokukurumidza kuderera ake.

7. Central rwezvemabhengi. The mashandiro aro migumisiro inorondedzerwa pazasi.

Reserve Bank

Funga kuti currency Gengi of Central Bank aumbwa.

State kuchinja mari pamusika kuburikidza nechepakati mabhanga. Sezvatotaurwa, zviri apo neapo mamiriro ezvinhu umo State haana kupindira mune dzimwe Exchange akavhiyiwa (state akasununguka akayangarara). Kazhinji, ivo neapo kukanganisa nzira (mamiriro ari tsvina swimming), nokudaro kukanganisa nzira Central Bank Gengi aumbwa.

In kufarirwa kugadzirwa uye kudyiwa ehurumende dzinoita zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga murau. Direct mutemo kunoitika panguva dhisikaundi uye mukutsinhana itsika kupindira. Zvisina kunanga chengetedzo nomukombiyuta mitengo zvazvingava, mari iri anotengeswa uye zvakawanda.

CBR

Uyezve, sei achiumbwa nokuda Gengi of CBR.

Daily kunze kwevhiki, Central Bank anogadza mwero mari zhinji pamusoro Ruble. The dhora pamusoro Ruble akatsunga kwakavakirwa sei vachiriita yaiitwa usiku hwokupedzisira ari Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange. Izvi zvinoshandawo kweeuro. Other dzeEurope dziri inoumbwa muchinjikwa rates, kureva nhamba pakati Ruble nemamwe dzeEurope, inobva ukama kusvika dhora.

Kutaura zvazviri, kuti mari Gengi of Central Bank of Russian Federation, uyewo rinokanganisa imupota uye ekisipoti. Kana zvimwe zvinhu zviri kutengeswa pane atenga, zvichava nani kuti National mari akawa, ndiEzekieri.

The Reserve Bank anogadza kosi anopfuura matatu siyana mari. Dhora ichi, euro, iyo Currencykuva, iyo Franc Swiss, ari Yen, iyo Hryvnia, uye vamwe.

Kubvira 2005, Central Bank akatamira mudengu dhora-Euro. Zvinonzi ichaongororwa kuti nokudaro kuwana zvakawanda anonzwisisa kuzvidzora chaitwa volatility kukura. Rate rinowanikwa kubva nhamba yacho Forex pamusika currency vaviri euro-dhora musi MICEX Ruble prices pamusoro kweeuro.

mabhanga

Ko Gengi pa mumabhengi? Mamwe mabhanga vane kodzero yokugadza pachavo prices zvavo. Ivo kumboda kupa kutenga currency panguva yakaderera cost, uye kutengesa - kupfuura mutengo inopiwa Central Bank.

MICEX

Ko Gengi musi MICEX - wavawo mubvunzo unokosha.

Trading vatorwa mukutsinhana pamusoro Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange ari nokudzorwa Central Bank, iro anoita mabasa ayo pahwaro yeUnited mutemo pachena zvokuvakisa, yeUnited mutemo pamusoro mari murau kuzvidzora.

Forex

Asingazivi munhu anowana zvakaoma kunzwisisa kuti Gengi achiumbwa pasi Forex.

Forex dzakawanda musika mutengo iri pakutsvaga hondo yose vatengi (kana nzombe) uye vanowatengesa (kana nemapere). Vanhu havakwanisi itibatsire ezvinhu pamusika uyu. Chete International Monetary Fund uye nechepakati mabhanga vanogona kupesvedzera simba pamusoro mitengo, uye kunongova kwenguva pfupi.

Regularities kuti anotsanangura sei Gengi aumbwa pano sezvinotevera:

• Apo kudiwa currency kuwedzera, saka anoita mutengo wayo, uye kana kudiwa zvinoderedza, ukuwo, uye mutengo ipfupi.

• Kana achikura kudiwa mari, kukosha kwayo anowira, uye kana kugoverwa zvinoderedza, mutengo, nekusiyana, inowedzerawo.