Stern muchikepe, yakaputeni kabhini uye vabatsiri vake, makadhi namano

shure muchikepe iri mugungwa mazwi anonzi rokuti "kunze" uye ndiko seri mudziyo. Namatai chikamu Hull ( "tangi") uye pakati chikamu ( "muchiuno") zvakagadzirirwa kutakura zvikwata zvinokosha mabasa, zvombo, uyewo kunakidzwa vezvikepe, vakasununguka yokurinda. Fudza pamusoro pegungwa uye yomugungwa midziyo - nharaunda iri cabins romutungamiriri uye ake vabatsiri, iri munzvimbo aft injini mukamuri ngarava, giya miseve uye propellers. Panewo mudhiraivho uye zvose masimba zvigadziriswe. Ari oga muimba dziri aft achibuda, mibayiro uye pakuzvichenesa makona mudziyo.

Chii shure muchikepe?

Fudzai chikepe vari XVIII-XIX emakore, nezvi- design, ari panze kukupedzisira yematanda anokosha, mijenya pamusoro balustrades uye wakavezwa cornices. Mukati menyika kwakavakirwa ose dyisa uye dzikapupurira zviratidzo muumbozha, carpeted Uriri carpeted, masvingo uye sirin'i kuvanga kukwenenzverwa mahogany. Stern chikepe - ndicho chikuru chikamu chacho muzvinhu zvose.

British shipbuilding yemakambani, izvo kare vakatonga musika dzengarava zvikepe, galleons, tii clippers, frigates uye corvettes, akaedza kukwezva vatengi ndiyo kudhura okugadziridza. Kwainzi nomukurumbira kuvaka chikepe unabashed hwokusanyara cabins, pamwe seaworthiness chikepe kazhinji yakarideredza kune yechipiri. Uye sezvo ngarava yacho shure raiva kupfuura nzvimbo yakakodzera nokuda muumbozha unhu, zvose pfungwa kwave inobhadharwa Vavaki vengarava. Kunyanya mirairo zvinodhura hwakazadzika wokuScotland akasimba Scott & Linton.

Luxury uye zvinhu

Hapana ari kunetswa kuti zvikepe zvinodhura pamwe kwoumbozha staterooms aft kazhinji vakanyura, dzimwe nguva kunyange shoma dutu. Gungwa haisi vanokanganwira kuregeredza mu Masvomhu akasungirwa dzakakwirira mafungu ngarava rumwe rutivi, uye anoenda pasi mvura pamwe goridhe uye rinorema candelabra Table iine sirivha yakaisvonaka.

The kupfuura unoshamisa muenzaniso sei hwomutambarakede akunda pfungwa, ndiye rufu transatlantic chikepe "Titanic", vakatora nzvimbo muchirimo 1912. Ngarava yakanga yakavakwa panguva shipyard shipbuilding kambani "Harland End Wolfe" muna Belfast oenda uye panguva yakanga yakakura uye kupfuura kwoumbozha chikepe munyika. Mahogany, gilt, sirika, mifananidzo Stained girazi mukirasi yokutanga cabins, rakagara richidudzirwa riri aft chikamu chikuru yomugungwa liner ... April 14, 1912, mazuva mana pashure kutanga rwendo "Titanic" akarova mumwe iceberg uye rikanyura. Kukosha dzivisai umbozha eremendi? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu saka kure.

Feed uye injini

With veMubatanidzwa sikuruwa propellers muchikepe zvakavharwa dzakachinjwa inosimbisa, pemvura contours aifanira kusangana ouinjiniya zvinodiwa hydrodynamics. A pose chikamu shure, zvakare, zvachinja, kuva huru, zviratidzo akanyangarika Baroque hwokusanyara. Zvishoma nezvishoma, yose shure muchikepe ikava murayiro centre, isina frills, apo zviridzwa zvomumvura michina uye wekushandisa mepu vakanga dzichiitika.

Speed uye agility

Maumbirwe kwechikepe ngarava anoenderana ayo kumhanya uye maneuverability. The chikuru Chikamu muhombe mashandiro, riri shure, ndiye mudhiraivho. It kazhinji rine hunyambiri ndiro rine kutenderera angled of 0 90 inegumi. Inoshandisa 60 chete inosiyana wehunyambiri kurereka gozvo mbiru, dzasara madhigirii 30 dziri munharaunda "vakafa" uye hadzishandi. To zvinobudirira vanoshandura yose wechikepe Hull, igwa kana chikepe waida streamlining shure kwayo pamusoro rezasi chechetere. Kana isiri kukarukureta zvokudya contours ari mudziyo achava cornering zavalivatsya pamusoro uye kurasikirwa nokukurumidza.

hondo Naval muna XVIII-XIX emakore nguva dzose musi mudunhu iroro, imwe neimwe yeboka akaedza kudzivirira chikafu pakugumburwa anoshongwa. Kuparadzwa aft chikepe paakatyisidzira kufa nokukurumidza, chikepe akasiya pasi mvura mumaminitsi. Uye kana iwe kugara yerera, ipapo ini akatadza kudzora, vatsauka uye chero zvazvingava rakarongerwa. kwechikepe chikepe kwagara kupfuura zvinokosha chikamu.