Sei Ivan Grozny achiuraya mwanakomana wake Ivan? Ari Ivan Grozny achiuraya mwanakomana wake?

The youmambo Dzimba July 3, 1583 zvakaitika zvikuru asinganzwisisiki uye hazvitaurwi kuurayiwa zviri navatanhatu remakore. The mwanakomana womunhu Ivan anotyisa, Ivan Ivanovich, akaurayiwa baba yake. Wega kutsamwa kwamambo prodded vana vavo kuti vave mudonzvo simba mutemberi. Raparadza yakanga Kunyatsozadzika uye simba - korona muchinda akafa panzvimbo. Zvinoshamisa ari mwanakomana Ivan Grozny akauraya! Most akada, vakura, mumwe pairi tariro huru, nokuti wechipiri nevazukuru vake, Theodore, kutonga nyika haana kugadzirira kutanga.

Mumakore anopfuura mazana mana namakumi mashanu makore munhoroondo vashoma vane ngano zhinji, akaisa mberi yakasiyana shanduro zvakaitika. Zvichiri haatari musi chaiwo waakaberekwa rufu Crown Prince. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakafunga kuti njodzi kwakaitika shure muna 1581, muna November, vamwe call 1582, uye wechitatu, iyo vazhinji, vachiri kuomerera musi July 3, 1583. Kazhinji, nhamba havana kukosha, chikuru basa - kunzwisisa nei Ivan Grozny achiuraya mwanakomana wake, uye kana akamuuraya zvachose? Edza kunzwisisa.

Shanduro yokutanga. political

Nikolai Karamzin wake "History" vakazivisa kuti chigumbuso pakati pababa nemwanakomana akava wezvematongerwe enyika. Akazadzwa anokudzwa kushingaira korona muchinda akasvika vabereki uye akabvunza kusunungurwa muPskov, kudzinga muvengi, kuti umutse kukudzwa Russian Empire. Amutsamwira, John akashevedzera kuti mwanakomana wake pamwe boyars vaida kubvisa naye, uye akamutsa rwake. Akaedza kuchengeta Boris Godunov, asi mambo ake unopinza tsvimbo akarova wamambo maronda akawanda, uye ipapo rakavhuvhuta musoro Crown Prince. Akavatazve, akafukidza ropa. Kufa Ivan - mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo - zvakaitika nguva. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti shanduro Karamzin vaiona chokwadi, Pakutangatanga Arayirwa Antonio Possevino, yemisangano wokuSiriya, uyo, anobvumwa, akanga, kana asiri chapupu kupfuura kuziva, hazvisi chaizvo akazvimirira. Naizvozvo, kururama nemashoko uyu zvikuru chokwadi, kunyanya sezvo pasina mumwe uchapupu haina yasimbiswa. Zvino sei Ivan Grozny achiuraya mwanakomana wake? Enda mberi.

Chechipiri Version. nezuva

Chete pamutemo mambo John V. akanga akaroora nguva dzinenge nomwe. Sezvaunoziva, apuro chinowa muti pedyo. Saka jaya korona muchinda kubva baba vake vakaedza kuramba. Mudzimai wake wokutanga akanga ari mwanasikana Saburova Eudoxia Bogdanova, pashure akatadza muchato, akanga nechisimba tonsured kuva sisita. mudzimai wechipiri, Feodosiyu Mihaylovu, Solovova mwanasikana, akatambudzika zvinoitirwa - hwake iye apedza mune yemamongi. By 1583 Ivan ainge akaroora mwanasikana muduku hama Sheremetyevo, Elena. Rimwe mangwanani, John V. akaona mukadzi pamuviri rekorona Muchinda kukodzera chimiro: bhandi haana kusungwa, uye uende akavhurika kuti mukadzi akaroorwa haisi chavasina. Mambo akatsamwa uye nembama vaviri zvakanaka zvibhakera mwanasikana. Helen akawira uye yakarohwa uye havacharemekedzi remangwana mwana usiku. Zvadaro korona muchinda akamhanyira mumba uye akatanga kumutsiura baba vake, akasimuka kuti mukadzi wake, nokuti akanga ari mudonzvo mutemberi. Zvakaratidza, ndosaka Ivan Grozny akauraya mwanakomana wake! Zvisinei, uye pano hachisi pachena. Muvambi shanduro iyi vakashanda zvose zvakafanana Antonio Possevino, izvo zvakabatsira kuti afumure utsinye mutongi synoubiytsey kuti vadzvinyirire European dare rechechi. Saka chii chaizvo chakaitika?

Wechitatu Version. rudo

The Russian chevaux nzara kwazvo kuti munhukadzi uye, uchapupu, hapana siketi akapotsa. Rimwe zuva kumwe ari nemawadhi, akasangana Helen, mukadzi Tsarevich Ivan, zvatakakutadzirai kare, uye akatanga simba naye kuti dzigare. Hazvizivikanwi kuti Vakazova John V. snohachom (mu Russia yava refu kubva akadana murume vaiita mukadzi nomwanakomana wake), asi muduku muchindakadzi akaudza murume wake nezvekubhinywa kwawakaitwa, uye akasarudza kuziva ukama nababa vake. Chii zvose pamusoro, tinoziva. Mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo, Ivan, akawira aine temberi musoro, uye mudzimai wake pashure imwe nguva, akatumirwa yemamongi. Asi zvose zvechokwadi chakaitika?

Wechina Version. rebut

Vanyori venhoroondo dzekare vakararama pave paya, Ivan Vasilyevich uye mwanakomana wake, mafungiro: "Asi kana Ivan Grozny achiuraya mwanakomana wake?" Pamwe zviri chete inonakidza yezvechitendero? Nemamwe mashoko, disinformation nokuchera? Zvechokwadi, panguva iyoyo chokwadi synoubiystva anokonzera makuru nechokwadi. Kuti tinzwisise nei zvakakodzera kupokana, kutendeukira kuna 1883-1885 date - nguva, apo kubva pasi muruoko akakurumbira Russian Artist them Repina aiva noumhizha "Ivan vanotyisa uye neMwanakomana wake November 16, 1581".

Painting "Ivan Grozny anouraya mwanakomana wake"

Yakanga pasi zita iri zvakazivikanwa voruzhinji kupenda, iyo inoratidza kuti Russian chevaux Tsarevich rakarova unofa nokurova. On tsvuku kapeti akafukidzwa mapatani mumimvuri Chambers riri pedyo choumambo chakakandwa tsvimbo Akawisira, uye mumwoyo makamuri maviri nhamba zvakavhenekerwa baba, vakaita chete Achiviruka hasha irreparable, uye mwanakomana uyo anofa ake. Mwoyo, rusingaperi uye rinotyisa chiso anoratidza Ivan Vasilyevich, iye chipatapata vanogamuchira Crown Prince, kuedza kumisa kubuda kweropa nokuomerera ronda pamusoro wake, uye mwanakomana, kukanganwira baba zvinokuhwandira kupinda pachipfuva chake. Penga nokuda kokuchembera mambo chitarisiko pamwe kuwedzerwa zviri anoratidzika vachishamiswa zvavo panguva imwe chete pathetic uye kutyisa. chiso Ivan kwakaita zvichienzaniswa nayo zvikuru "vapenyu", akafuridzirwa, uye munhu zvichienderana. Sorry baba vangu anozadza Crown Prince, anofunga pfungwa yokukanganwira, izvozvo kunokwidziridza naye kupfuura ose zviduku kuchiva kukodzera murume, iyo yakava yerufu rwake, unonatsa mweya. Ndizvo zvinoratidza mufananidzo "Ivan Grozny anouraya mwanakomana wake."

Fate chigadzirwa Repin

Zvino dandemutande inochengeterwa muMoscow, Tretyakov Gallery. Boka kurovedzera Orthodox uye kare muna 2013 vakakumbira kuti ndiribvise ikoko, sezvo anogumbura kuti nyika manzwiro vokuRussia. The chikumbiro chakarambwa. Ndinofanira kutaura, ichi hachisi kurwiswa wokutanga pamusoro mufananidzo. Apo pakutanga akapa kuruzhinji pamusoro rechi13 aifamba kuratidzwa, vose St. Petersburg aiva agog. Vateereri chaizvoizvo ukombwe chivako ndipo kupenda akaturikwa. Vaiva nenharo nharo vakanga vakadzidza uye mberi youth nokukurumidza vanoyemurwa, apo vamwe Petersburgers vakatsamwa: "unogona sei synoubiystvo" Pakati vanoshanda vaisada aiva Emperor Alexander III, semubairo April 1, 1885 zvakanzi wakarambidzwa dzinoratidza. Zvakange mufananidzo wokutanga kwave kuchiita muna Russian Empire akaongororwa. Zvisinei, pashure pemwedzi mitatu akumbirwa pedyo kudare naA Bogolyubov kurambidzwa wakazvikudza.

Uye kana kupondwa yakanga?

On ichi chete inoratidzirwa muSt Petersburg muna 1885 kupenda "Ivan Grozny anouraya mwanakomana wake" akaonekwa nokuda kunoshamisa Russian anofunga uye mukuru weruwa Dzvene Revafundisi, Konstantin Pobedonostsev. Akanga akatsamwiswa nyaya yake, nekuti, yake mafungiro, ingano vakapfuura kure sezvo chokwadi. Pobedonostsev akanyora kuti Alexander III tsamba umo akati kuti ibasa ounyanzvi haagoni kunzi risingakanganwiki nokuti vaimiririra nguva chinokuvadzwa zvakazonaka. saka sei? We anogara achitaura pamusoro kupondwa Tsarevich Ivan Vasilyevich John somunhu zvazvisingarambiki chokwadi, kunyange mabhuku chikoro akanyorwa pamusoro uyu muenzaniso chii utsinye anokudzwa Russian autocracy. Kwete kusvikira pakuguma zvaiva pachena chete nei Ivan Grozny achiuraya mwanakomana wake. Uye sei mashoko ose aya wakawira enhoroondo mabhuku, hapana munhu akafunga.

zvinoshamisa chiitiko

Muna 1913, kwaiva chinhu chinoshamisa mu Tretyakov Gallery. Kana aiona Mifananidzo them Repina "Ivan vanotyisa uye noMwanakomana wake November 16, 1581" painter Abhuramu Balashov vakashevedzera: "! Ropa Kunyanyisa" Akabva lashed panze ari mufananidzo aine banga uye vakatocheka nayo. Pakarepo Repin akasvika Moscow pamwe Igorem Grabarem, ake ekare mudzidzi uye akakurumbira muraramisi, kuvakazve. The wokudhinda akamboedza mufananidzo akapiwa chaizvo mhinduro yakanga kunyange akaronga gakava panyaya kuti vanhuwo rinoreva mufananidzo Vanhu youmambo. Repin akangoerekana mhosva afunge vanhu utsinye uye kushayikwa kunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu yakabuda kuRussia nemaune. The Artist yakanga kuvhiringidzika kana kugumbuka chaizvo. Ari ndagumburwa uye vakasarudza kusiya Moscow, ndaisazodzokazve kuguta rino.

Kubva izvo akafa Tsarevich?

Metropolitan Ladoga uye St. Petersburg, John, mubhuku rake rinonzi "Autocracy Mudzimu" akaramba kuuraya akati kuti rufu mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo akauya nemhaka yokurwara zvakanyanya. Zvechokwadi, muna akachengetedzwa zvinyorwa haisi shoko pamusoro synoubiystve. Asi akazivisa zvakawanda zvinoita, certifying kuti korona muchinda akanga akafa somugumisiro nomuchetura. B. Manyagin mubasa rake 2003, "Mutungamiri Church ngwizhingwi" akanyora kuti Ivan muchetura pamwe kungatikanganisa sublimate - chepfu chinokonzera zvinorwadza rufu kana kuutora imwe mari 0,18 magiramu.

pekufukunurwa

In Ngirozi Huru Church muna Kremlin muna 1963, vakazarura paguva mana: mutungamiri Skopin-Shumsky, Tsarevich Ivan, chevaux Ivan Vasilyevich, chevaux Fedor Ivanovich. Panguva zvisaririra kudzidza, vaongorori vakawana kuti mune zvose marangwanda mana ane nehasha kuenzana yakawanda Arsenic, uye hazviiti kusapfuudza vasingambooni chakaipa nazvo. Zvisinei, mune mapfupa Tsarevich Ivan uye chevaux Ivan Vasilyevich akawana kuvapo nemekiyuri mune mishonga yakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura bvumidzwa ndozvakajairwa. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika nharo kuti haisi Kusvibisa, uye migumisiro pakurapa njovhera pamwe nemekiyuri mafuta. Asi somugumisiro zvidzidzo kuwana syphilitic zvachinja dzasara vamiririri vemhuri youmambo.

vatsva zvinhu

Muna 1990, kudzidza chaiitirwa vakavigwa kukuru Moscow vanamambokadzi uye machindakadzi. Somugumisiro, zvakanzi vakawana kuti Elena Glinskaya, mai Ivana Groznogo, uyo akafa muna 1538, uye Anastasia Romanova, mudzimai wake wokutanga, uyo akafa muna 1560-m, vave muchetura mercuric chloride. Kureva mhuri yeumambo munhu anenge atora chepfu kwemakumi emakore. Data kubva izvi uye zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaita pakuguma kwemamiriro kuti kupondwa mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo baba pachake - kuti kunyepedzera, asi chaizvoizvo akanga nechepfu, vachida kududzira ichi ndechokuti inoramba uturu tigutsikane akapfuudza akabvumidza muganhu nguva zhinji. Nokudaro Sayenzi shanduro synoubiystve categorically anoramba.