Royal of Moscow Kremlin muzana remakore rechi17. Chii chaiva wamambo upenyu: Photo uye rondedzero Romanov Chambers

Nhoroondo Russian mamiriro izere zviitiko akasiyana-siyana. Rinonyatsooneka pwere kwete yenhau, asiwo Monuments of mapurani uye uri, kudzidza kuti unogona kuenda kuburikidza zvose zvinokosha zviri kukura Motherland yedu. Kusvikira nhasi asingakundiki vanhu kufarira muupenyu uye upenyu madzimambo uye namadzimambo Romanov dzinza. Nguva yokutonga kwavo akapoteredzwa muumbozha, ukuru pamusoro dzoushe nemapindu akanaka uye kwazvo namatsime. Hwaro wakaradzikwa ari XVII remakore, kana wechiduku chevaux Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov kugara yamambo pamusoro Moscow Kremlin. Vakanga vasiri mukuru sezvazvakaita nhasi, kana kwagara nzvimbo dzokugara korona misoro chaidzo, asi panguva ino Danho iri shongwe youkuru vatongi Russian.

The Romanovs

Nguva Troubles Russia akauya ukapisa murwi zhinji uye nhamo, pasina ruoko yakasimba pamusoro mambo achitonga nyika yakabvamburwa kuzvipokanidza. History of Romanov semadzimambo kunotanga 1613, zvakanga ipapo kuti Zemsky Sobor anomutsa kupfuura yakakodzera kukwikwidza chigaro choumambo. Mihail Fedorovich Romanov, kubva nemaonero zvakawanda vaairarama, chainyanya rakakodzera mumiriri. Akauya kubva boyars vakapfuma, ari hama yokupedzisira mambo worudzii Rurik, vakasasiya zvakananga venhaka, uye aiva munhu asina kutora chikamu munhangemutange simba, t. E. Has zvichachengetwawo ayo muchiuto. Account rave kugamuchirwa uye makore ramangwana mambo, izvo akabvumira nyore zvokuti havarongi zvinangwa enyika yacho. Kutaura zvazviri, mambo wechiduku akanga kutyisidzirwa kutambudzwa uye kunyadziswa Boris Godunov, ari mumakore ake 16, aiva kurwara uye simba kwake murume uyo akateerera kuda amai nababa mirawo. Sezvo nesananguro Mikhail Fedorovich vakatamira youmambo pamakamuri munguva yokutonga kwake yavakwazve anenge kubva muvare. Vazhinji zvivako yakaitwa kuti Ivan III, panguva iyoyo, zvechokwadi kuparadzwa. Muzana XVII remakore Moscow Kremlin - imba youmambo, rinova ndiro rainyanya kukosha mune zvematongerwo enyika uye zvoupfumi yose upenyu mamiriro.

yamambo

Mumwe siyana anonzwisisa uye unomiririra upenyu uye upenyu hwemhuri youmambo. vanhu vose Russian vanotenda kuti Vanhu vanotonga nyika inofanira kutora wamambo yomukati. Meaning shoko uye tsanangudzo ayo anogara ari superlatives. Izvi haisi imba kuti boka revanhu - ichi chikuru, yakakwirira, zvakaisvonaka yakashongedzwa nzvimbo apo mambo kushanda uye kuzorora. Ichi ndicho chokwadi: yamambo kunofanira kuratidza ukuru yose wehurumende, kuva chake nedzokukokera kadhi, sezvo ndiye anoshanda senzvimbo negashiro dzimwe nhume. Muzana XVII remakore Moscow Kremlin ndiro guta mukati guta. Pane mazana vanhu vararame uye basa, pane zvakawanda dzimba oruvanze kwamachinda, machechi, dzemamongi, ushumiri. Saka vanhu vazhinji vanofanira kupiwa nomwoyo zvakafanira rutsigiro uye chihombe administrative muchina kushanda ezvinhu, saka, wamambo makamuri ikashandiswa pamwe okudhindira, dzekubikira, stables, wedzimba uye kunyange minda neminda yemiti. Chokwadi, Kremlin kuti mukomberedzo akanga kurindwa nokungwarira kukuru, chete aipfuura haana kupfuura, sezvo petitioners vanobva munyika yacho yose, akamirira jana ravo kunze kwemasvingo aro. Kana tatanga kubva shanduro chaiyoiyo, asi dzinogarwa, mukuru (2-3 uriri), zvivako ibwe akanzi wamambo yomukati. Shoko mumutauro wokuRussia, kana toreva mundima Moscow Kremlin, rinotaura zvinopfuura chimwe mukamuri, uye nzvimbo yakakura ine kunowedzera functionality, iyo rakakamurwa vakaparadzana sectors, kushandiswa chinangwa chahwo. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Terem Palace akashanda mokuvata, patronal kamuri, famba-kuburikidza outbuildings siyana uye aiva chechi uye temberi. Mumwe mhando kwakavakirwa akanga zita rayo uye chinangwa; asi Faceted Chamber, ari Patriarchal, etc ...

Terem Palace

ezvivako Russian pamusoro XVII remakore. (Konstantinov, magaka, Ushakov, Shaturin) akasika rakasiyana Kuzivikanwa kuti chiwanikwa yaro Ensemble vose Moscow Kremlin. Terem Palace yakavakwa pamwe kushandiswa yokupona zvimedu yapfuura mamiriro, rinotsanangura kumhanya chivakwa mamiriro. Mune ramangwana, manyorerwo ichi rinowanzoshandiswa munhoroondo Russian mapurani. Kunze yamambo anotarira kumugumo chikuru: chena ibwe Trim, yechitema usina kukonekita vane zvinhu heraldic vanodhirowa, decoration pilasters, vainyatsotarisirwa nokukwezvwa rakasiyana decoration mifananidzo. Uriri chechipiri Makaichengeterwa nokuda Terem Palace youmambo makamuri. Photos ano (vakavakazve) omukati havagoni kuratidza kupfuma pamusoro kushongedzwa edzimba. Madziro maberere weimba imwe neimwe zvakagadzirirwa mukati chete ruvara uye akapendwa decoration chishongo. Muna 1636, basa rokuvaka basa Terem Palace magumo, asi vakabva nayo kuchipedzisa mamwe makamuri kuti murege Anotadzira zvinonyatsorehwa Kutarira meimba. Mugore pokupedza basa hono hafu youshe akasika Church Muponesi Not nemaoko (Upper Muponesi Cathedral), akaparadzaniswa Terem Palace gilded mbariro. Chivako mukuru zvakaoma ichechi Kuberekwa pakati Lady Our (by seni), kudanana kubva XIV remakore. Akavakazve kanoverengeka, asi akararama kusvika mazuva edu. All kereke - Kumuka, Crucifixion uye Catherine - zvakakwana akanyorwa Ensemble of Terem Palace. Unique mifananidzo yakaitwa nesirika akamendwa uye nemamwe murals kupa Zvivako zvechitendero munhu nevamwe Kutarira.

Michael raMwari Mansion

The chepamusorosoro chikamu Terem Palace, iyo inopa zvinoshamisa maonero Moscow, yakavakwa kuti vana Mikhail Fedorovich - apo vaifanira kunge vachiita. Mansion iri paChigaro Chamber changamire. The kamuri wakapamhama uye rakajeka, pamwe munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva pamwe rusvingo zvigaro. Zvakabatsira uyewo Boyar Duma yepurogiramu, uye dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa senzira wamambo cabinet. Mansion pamusoro mukomberedzo akapoteredzwa akazaruka namaberere kuti kufamba kubva pakuvakwa kuguma ichi mukuru-giredhi guru platforms, uye refu divi ndiro rakamanikana ndima, ayo akapa chete yakaderera parapets. Nokudaro, chivako yose, uyewo zvose guta rekare aigona kuonekwa panguva peziso. Michael kwaiita Mansion yakavakwa muna 1637, ibhuku rakasiyana kusikwa ezvivako Russian. The kamuri kwazvo zvikuru yakashongedzwa, asi zviri unodziya uye ushamwari, mahwindo makuru regai mune zvakawanda chiedza, mavara Mica mabwe akasika munhu noshamisa mutambo mavara akasiyana. Eaves reimba iri yakashongedzwa openwork simbi grille, hwindo mapuranga akafukidzwa anotaurwa wakavezwa ibwe jena (se mu "akura" chikamu Chambers), izvo zvakasiyana mumwe hwindo. Shiri, maruva, mhuka, michero uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvakazonaka mabhii akashongedzwa reliefs uchimirira siyana uye kupfuma wenyika. West Portal, yakazaruka kuongorora, wakashongedzwa puranga, iyo ine emhosva date varidzi korasi wamambo vana - Prince Alexei Mikhailovich uye Ivan Mikhailovich. Pakati rugwaro kumicheto rokuyamura muenzaniso rinoshandiswa, zvikaita kuti kumutsidzirwa mubereko mukamuri Kudzidziswa uku uye nemitambo. The mufananidzo nemaonero murume ano, akatarisa mano uye achizvininipisa, asi unyanzvi creators ayo rakaoma kuona. Rondedzera Mikayeri Mansion kungava magumo, uye zvikuru zvichemo ndiwo: inopenya, kudziya, vakagwinya, naka.

turret

Zvichida, paivakwa Towers Architects vari pakukwirira wamambo pamusoro nyika yake chaiko. Mambo akatarisa guta kubva ayo yakakwirira (kana varege kufungawo Ivan yacho Bell Great), t. E. Aiva pakati paMwari nevanhu, izvo akamutendera rokuongorora mamiriro uye zvisarudzo chinzvimbo hunhu. Nokuti kuziva Tsarevich Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova kukwira ichi sokuti Inoziva chose. Naizvozvo, kuti teremu nechokumabvazuva Wakawedzerwa "smotrilnaya turret." uriri pamwero uyu kuvakwa duku rinobatana pamwe yakakwirira pedenga Terem Palace. Construction akanga akatakurwa kunze gare gare, ndokusaka wokumabvazuva portal shongwe yakanga isina kusvika kuongorora, kunyange pakutanga yakashongedzwa serimwe kuMadokero. Nezvakanakisisa maonero turret, asi zvimwe, muchinda aifarira kuva akareba kupfuura baba vake, uye vanokudzwa vose pakati boyars, rwaigara mukamuri ravo kwenguva pfupi nguva. Kuti vasvike ikoko zvaunogona nenzira mbiri: kuburikidza Mikayeri Mansion, iro rinobatanidza chena ibwe manera ane neberere shongwe, pova mudungwe kubva kumabvazuva portal, kana zvakananga apasi makamuri. Panyaya iyi, mushanyi anopinda kumusuwo duku pedyo Towers uye kubva ipapo pamusoro noruvazhe asvika pasuo horo, umo aigona kusimuka ari vaiona nzvimbo.

Patriarch raMwari Palace

Housewarming inopembererwa pakati 1655, mhuri yose Romanov vakauya kwaari. Patriarch Nikon aishuva kuti musha wake vakasikwa ari kupfuura nomuti mavara. Chamber rakavakirwa chaiwo, "nyore" werudzii, asi zvinonzi yekudyidzana zvaizopedza ne fuma yakarongedzwa kweimba uye bope mavara yakabatana kumabvazuva Gumi neVaviri yechechi. Uriri wechitatu uri kamuri duku rakapera chete kurutivi kuguma XVII remakore. Several chena ibwe matanho, vachibvumira mukana pakachena maberere, ndarama fishnet skates, zvinoyevedza Pamifananidzo akapa Patriarch raMwari Palace dzakatarwa. Kunyanya akaenda gilded Runako Pink ruvara, iro Nikon akarayira kuti kupenda masvingo mufurati rake. The ano ezita pamakamuri zvakwakakubatsirai kunzwa dzimwe musiyapaduku, zvichida, basa racho harina zvakakwana vakauyisa upenyu.

Fun Palace

Imba Romanov, nenhumbi dzayo UKURU uye nzvimbo, asingagoni achengete mhuri yose. Naizvozvo, muna 1651 - varayirwa itsva Russian chamber Alexei Mikhailovich - mundima Moscow Kremlin anotanga kuvakwa chivako chitsva, iyo akaronga kuti pekugara baba (baba mu mutemo) I. D. Miloslavskogo wake. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kunoshamisa STRUCTURAL chikabviswa - chakava wokutanga Moscow "skyscraper", kureva kuti kuva pamapuriro mana ... Atova pakati XVII remakore, akaona kushaya nzvimbo yokukura. Inside pasi pauriri iri kuburikidza nendima 30 mamita refu. Above mupenyu makamuri zvivanakire wehondo chechi yakavakirwa Praise Musikana ane belfry, aritari vanotsungirira zvinopfuura yamambo pamwe mumabhuraketi. Akaturika pamusoro Kremlin mumugwagwa, saka zvose canons chechi kunge akabvumirana. Miloslavsky aigara muimba ino makore 16, pashure iyo mumuzinda vakapfuura kusvikira hurumende muchivigiro. The zita "varaidza" akanga gare gare, muna 1672, apo Fedor Aleksandrovich Romanov, kana hanzvadzi dzakatamira mambo pazviri. Taishandisa kamuri kutamba youmambo (mu jest): wokutanga zvesimba chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo vakanga kufanorongwa pano, saka zita rayo. Nokuti zvivanakire mhuri youmambo uye Terem Fun Palace akabatana namahwindo ndima.

Mhosva muMoscow

Chimwe chezvinhu yekare mumaruwa Moscow, iyo anomhanya pakati Barbarous Street uye rwizi, akamborarama shongwe ine nzvimbo yaro chete. Munzvimbo iyi nezvivakwa kwakasanangurwa Russian mapurani - machechi, temberi uye machechi, yakavakwa muna XIV-XVIII emakore. Asi chinonyanya kufarirwa nzvimbo mutariri muMoscow akagamuchira senzvimbo kwakabva Romanovs, ivo tsars Russian. Zita nharaunda rinobva pashoko "nhamba" rinoreva kutenga Arcade, izvo akatambanudza kuna Red Square. Zvinosuruvarisa, kwete shongwe haufi nhasi zvayo yepakutanga chimiro, kusiya chete Chamber. Kune vamwe zvinhu mumba uye pachivanze inogona kutongwa kubva yokupona kurondedzerwa upenyu boyar hwemhuri. Maererano nengano, wokuRussia chamber of Romanov youmambo wokutanga akaberekwa muimba musi Varvarka, uyo kamwe akavaka sekuru vake. Paitonga Ivana Groznogo Chamber vouta vakaparadzwa murayiro wamambo, mune kanoverengeka ramangwana aitambura moto uye alterations siyana panguva dzemamongi uye makereke. The miziyamu kwakatangwa nzvimbo chete sezvakarayirwa Alexander II, muna pakati XIX remakore. History of Romanov yakatanga pano. Maererano nemamiriro Chamber kwakavakirwa zvakanga mureza Kutarira mudzimba iyoyo. The pevhu Chikamu ndakabatikana mudzimba uye mumatura, paiva nevhu, kana kicheni. The zvipenyu kwaigara rakanga riri pamusoro raibhurari, kudzidza nzvimbo, kudzidza nzvimbo vana vakura aireva varume. The hadzi hafu yeimba kwainyanya yakakura, inopenya makamuri handicraft, ivo Knights vaiita kugadzira uye mwanasikana nokusonera pamwe Vasikana. Vakapona Kushongedzwa, tableware, fenicha, kusona, zvemumba yarova nyore uye runako yokushongedzwa. Imba Romanov mu Zaryadye inonzi "dare wamambo akwegura."

Imperial wamambo Gatchina

zvichangobva zvivako More chakavakwa varayirwa mhuri youmambo, anoramba katyamadza rayo ukuru uye kunoshamisira. Chete chete XVIII-XIX remakore havana kunzi imba yamambo, uye dzimba. Somuenzaniso, Gatchina. mumuzinda iyi yakavakwa varayirwa Catherine II wake kufarira Grigory Orlov. Iyi nzvimbo uye chirongwa yemberi kunzwisisa akasarudzwa navo anorenda, pakuvaka pamutemo kuvakwa muna 1781, kunyange zvazvo vakatapwa Earl akadzinga pamberi. Muna 1883, pashure pokufa Orlov, Catherine akatenga mumuzinda kubva venhaka yake Paul I. Mumwe nomumwe mumhuri Romanov vakakwana kuti Ensemble dzavo zvavanoda, uye vakavakazve nayo muchiedza itsva michina kubudirira kwevanhu. Iye zvino, shongwe ine mapurani uye nhoroondo vachingotya yokudzorerwa. Yamambo akatambura kwazvo mumaoko vaNazi muHondo Yenyika II, vamwe Exhibits yakaendeswa kune Germany.

Tsarskoye tiiviste

Kutanga Peter I, vose madzimambo Russia vakasiya pavaida munhoroondo paumbwe ano mufananidzo weguta Pushkin, asi, ayo akasiyana mapurani uye Park zvivako. Asati auya simba Bolsheviks nzvimbo ino aimbonzi Tsarskoye tiiviste. Alexander Palace, uyewo Catherine, pamwe dzakapoteredza uye kuvaka zvivako, ibasa ounyanzvi kwechokwadi! On mundima ano miziyamu zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzose, rikava zvitaera - kubva rwokuramba Russian Baroque kuti chekare uye zvakawanda ano dzinoitwa XX remakore. The Catherine Palace in Tsarskoye tiiviste kunoita kuti unzwe mweya inoverengeka rekutonga Romanov dzinza. Ekaterina Velikaya, Elizabeth, Alexander I - zvose vakasiya chiratidzo avo kukura kwokunze chitarisiko uye munyika zviri mumuzinda. No zvisinganyanyi kukosha nokururama maonero ari yakabatana paki nharaunda Ensemble, hwakasikwa neimwe nzvimbo nomumwe. Nguva yokutonga Alexander I, Nicholas II (wokupedzisira Russian Emperor) chokuita Alexander (New Tsarskoye tiiviste) mumuzinda. Kubva kare uye mapurani nemaonero, izvi zvinhu hazvina kukosha kupfuura Kremlin Palace. Photos, mavhidhiyo, kugara excursions kune zvose nzvimbo dzokugara of Romanov youmambo tichinoona kwokudiwa zvose mukati nyika yedu, uye vatorwa vazhinji.