Sei pencil sei? pencil kugadzirwa

Pencil tinoshandisa kubva kukireshi. Asi vashoma vedu vanoziva sei kuti penzura, vamwe huni rinoshandiswa kuti chinangwa ichi. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kusikwa izvi Stationery zvigadzirwa rinoitwa musi mumwe wake fekitari pachake. Asi apo pane dzimwe nyaya zvakajairika kuti chinokosha pagadzirwe muitiro.

What muti?

Classical yemapuranga penzura ane chinokosha pakuderedza - huni iyo kunaka nokushanda chishongedzo kunobva. Zviri pachena kuti kwete muti wose akakodzera kuti chinangwa ichi. Kare, ari indasitiri kushandisa huni virdizhnskogo kana tsvuku emisidhari, iyo inoreva tsaru yomupaini. Long faibha, kusavapo nokusunungura mapfundo, nyore yokugadzirisa nayo - ndizvo inofarirwa nevakawanda mune ichi zvinhu. Asi tichifunga kwemitengo yezvinhu pezvitsiga European uye American, uchibereka nepenzura, vakatanga kushandisa matanda emisidhari California. Zvino nemhaka iyi kuti kusika yepamusoro mishonga inoshandiswa mune hwakajeka uye hwokudhirowa zvinangwa.

Kazhinji, nepenzura yaigadzirwa alder, basswood, nemipaini, Siberian nemipaini uye California, uyewo isingawanzowanikwi huni sezvo jelutong. Miti yose nepenzura yakaitwa munyika yedu? Kazhinji, alder uye Linden, riri munharaunda Russia chihombe chitsama.

Alder harisi chinonyanya rakasimba zvinhu, asi ane yunifomu chimiro, izvo zvinoita nyore kubudiswa uye anochengeta dzinongoitika dzinongoitika ruvara. Kana madota, zviso kuita zvinodiwa vose, uye naizvozvo kushandiswa gadzira uye chisingakoshi, uye penzura zvinodhura. Nokuda zvakanaka viscosity zvinhu zvakasimba anobata kutungamirira.

Unique kusika pencil zvinhu - emisidhari, iro zvinowanzoshandiswa zvirimwa muRussia. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kushandisa haasi huni utano uye zvinhu kuti murege nechakare kupa walnuts.

Rod: chii chikonzero?

Manufacturing pencil ichiitwa kushandisa chaiyo tsvimbo. Graphitic kutungamirira ine zvitatu zvaiva - graphite, chin'ai uye sludge, anowanzoshandurwa akawedzera Organic binders. Uyezve, graphite chinhu zvachose pakuderedza, kusanganisira ruvara, sezvo kunosiya kutungamirira anotevera mapepa.

Matanda dzinoitwa kubva kunyatsogadzirira guru, iro rine zvimwe tembiricha uye mwando. Zvakakosha kuti musanganiswa asingadi uchaomesa, sezvo izvi huchachinja yabvaruka zvishandiswa. Kurunga mukanyiwa chaiyo anoumba, zvino vakayambuka midziyo yakabvooka, izvo zvinoita vakawanda-zvakadai noodles. noodles izvi akaumba ari sepombi, matanda zvacho extruded. Marangwanda zvavo chete dzakaparira chaihwo crucibles. Zvino matanda dzinoridzwa, uye zvadaro akaita zhirovki: pores achiumbwa pasi kumanikidza uye paneimwewo tembiricha azara mafuta, mumwe wakisi kana stearine.

Sei mavara mapenzura? Pano, mutsauko inokosha iri, zvakare, shamhu iyo chakagadzirwa pigments, fillers, uye fatliquoring zvinoumba ari bhainda. Pane shamhu kugadzirwa kwacho kuri sezvinotevera:

• kugadzirwa tsvimbo ukapisa murwi mune chaiyo grooves pamusoro bhodhi uye akafukidzwa wechipiri Dombo;
• Both mapuranga vari glued pamwe chena guruu, shamhu asingadi kuramba;
• anopedzisa glued slats zvichienderana;
• gadziriro zvaitwa, kuti ndiye kuwedzera mafuta ari musanganiswa kare iripo.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pagadzirwe nepenzura vakaperekedza kufungisisa mutengi ehupfumi chezvinhu. Saka, cheap haina ndimubvise huni chemhando yepamusoro, zvakangofanana - kwete hwakanakisisa - uye goko. Asi pencil, iyo inoshandiswa rikava zvinangwa, wakaita kubva yepamusoro huni, ine Dual sizing.

Stage rokugadzirira huni

ZvaAtemisi pencil kuitwa zvakanaka-akasarudzwa pehuni chinogadzirwa kubudisa mbariro. Iva nechokwadi kuti aite muchinjikwa unocheka mazariro kureba penzura, uye unofanira kufungawo kushivirira, sezvo pachava shrinkage mashoko. At chaiwo Multiblade michina vaiita sawing mbariro Panhivi, izvo pasi impregnation pamwe Paraffin chaihwo autoclaves. nzira iyi zvinobatsira kuvandudza zvemaziso ehupfumi ramangwana zvigadzirwa.

Zvichienderana chii Wakaitwa kubva crayon, zvichaita kuitwa uye ayo Sharpening. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti akashambidzika pelimerkkejä vakawana kana zvinhu zviri yakagadzirwa vanoondoroka, misidhari kana basswood. Uyezve, zvinokosha kuti atungamirire unhu akanga pasted penzura-saka kunyange kuwa kwemasikati.

What deko?

The goko kunobva pakururama nokunaka penzura. Sezvo repuranga nepenzura, inofanira kusangana zvinotevera zvinodiwa:

1. Softness, simba uye nenyama; panguva oparesheni goko haafaniri kuputsa kana chiwondomoke sezvo muviri wose.
2. Kwete delaminate pasi pokudzora dzinongoitika zvinhu.
3. Watenga chekawo - chechetere uye kupenyerera, uye Chips pacharo haritauri kuputsa.
4. Huni anofanira husingakwanisi unyoro.

What michina?

Production rinoitwa kushandisa nepenzura variegated michina. Somuenzaniso, kurapwa ivhu iro graphite netsvimbo ipapo vasikwa, zvinoda anokosha zvigayo uye crushers. yakavhenganiswa mukanyiwa kugadzira rinoitwa pasi muchina sikuruwa apo mukanyiwa mabhanzi ne zvakasiyana Makwanza matatu inoumbwa neshamhu pachayo. For zvinangwa izvi rinoshandiswa pamwe makomba achifa. Kupwa emapuranga blanks rinoitwa mu yamavira, apo zvigadzirwa vanosangana majana kwemaawa 16. Nezvakanaka nokuomesa huni mwando pamwero Chinobudirira vaifanira kuti 0.5%. Kana pencil mavara, havana pasi kudziyisa kurapwa tichifunga pamberi izvi fillers, madhayi uye fatliquoring zvinoriumba. On rinokosha muchina anomhanya kugera nepenzura pakureba.

nokuomesa

Sei pencil sei? Ari kugadzirwa muitiro inoita basa rinokosha kuomesa. It rinoitwa mu matsime chaiyo vachishandisa muchina, uye mahwendefa ukapisa murwi zvokuti kuomesa kwakabudirira zvikuru. In matsime izvi kuomesa rinoitwa maawa anenge 72, ipapo arongwe mapuranga: zvose kana dziine tsvina, dzisingatarisiki wakatsemuka zvigadzirwa vachizvitsaura. Vakasarudzwa blanks vari yakaidzwa Paraffin, calibrated, kureva ivo richivezwa chaiwo grooves, izvo zvichaita kuti riri tsvimbo.

How pencil dzinoitwa kweShanduro inotevera? Zvino kushandiswa azvikuya throughput mutsetse, iro weboka kupinda zvinogumbura mapenzura. Zvichienderana ipi mapanga zvinoshandiswa Danho iri kuwanikwa nepenzura kana kumativi, kana faceted, kana denderedzwa. It inoita basa rinokosha mune kutara kutungamirira emapuranga nyaya: chinofanira kuitwa zvakasimba uye yakavimbika, nokudaro kuderedza ngozi yokurasikirwa zvinhu vatungamirire. Kwakavharwa nenyama namira rinoshandiswa nokuda nemarunda, zvichiita penzura zvakasimba.

nhau Features

Modern nyore nepenzura mavara akapa nenzira huru siyana mazano uye mavara. Saka sei nepenzura ari fekitari, pano vari Kunyatsoteerera Pose pavaipfuura kugadzirwa. Painting - mumwe nhanho inokosha, sezvo rinofanira kusangana nhamba zvinodiwa. Nokuti ndakapedza pemvura extrusion nzira inoshandiswa, uye magumo vapedza kutiva. Muchiitiko chokutanga penzura inopfuura nomunyika lähikuva Unit, apo panguva pakuguma conveyor nayo flips kuti overcoating. Saka inotengwa yunifomu unhani.

Kupenda Quality: chii napo?

Kunaka ruvara kunobva pakuti kundosangana mitemo zvinodiwa pachavo anozodza ndezviya dzatangwa priming muchina, kana nguva yakakodzera nepenzura kupwa pamusoro tepi vakatevera. Chero fekitari penzura anoshandisa Fast nokuomesa nziyo kuti vanoumba pamusoro pemvura yakasimba, yakasimba uye kwakavharwa nenyama firimu inoomerera zvakanaka huni pamusoro.

Bemhapemha rinoitwa pamwe lähikuva chaiyo kuti nhaka vamwe viscosity uye ane pigments. Kana ruvara chikamu yakakura, zvichava kuderedza Gloss firimu hatingarevi pamwezve kuti pose nitro lacquer. Kunyange pencil vari pasi varnishing pamwe vaima nitrocellulose varnish.

Kana penzura rima maketeni, zvinonzi mavara mu dzinenge 5 akaturikidzana uye 4 akaturikidzana ose varnish. Kuti vawane chiedza mavara vachishandisa ibatanidzo 7 akaturikidzana ose ingi pamwe lacquer akaturikidzana 4. Muchiitiko chino, nokuti yunifomu nhau yakarurama zvakakosha kuti pose ane vaifanira 18 akaturikidzana. Makara pencil magumo migove rinoitwa mu okunalnoy motokari, izvo kunotangira kubva puranga riri pamusoro payo mapenzura.

penzura furemu

Zvichienderana sei iwe kuti mapenzura uye chii zvinhu zvinogona siyana uye avo ezvinhu. Mugore chinyakare shanduro penzura ine mumatanda, asi pamusika ano inopa zvakawanda zvigadzirwa mupurasitiki, lacquered uye kunyange bepa kwedzimba. Kudivi rimwe, inowedzera kuti kunaka uye mumwechete, Ukuwo, kuwa kubva nepenzura dzakadaro shoma yasara.

Pashure kupenda pencil vari pasi apedza. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, inoratidza siyana uye AKAITA mavara akasiyana. It akadana vachishingaira tembiricha kudzora kugadzira.

What pokuoma?

All mavara mapenzura uye siyana neukukutu vatungamirire, izvo zvinoratidzwa Kunyora yavo. Sarudza navo sezvo zvakafanira: zvikuru gobvu uye rakasimba bepa kuoma kuva graphite tsvimbo. Asi kuoma inogona kukuvadza graphite mapepa. unogona kutenga nepenzura MuRussia zvinotevera chokuguma:

1. M - safarira.
2. T - hwakasimba.
3. TM - zvakaoma-nyoro.

About Kunyora vanofanira kungwarira pakusarudza penzura kuumba vanodhirowa kana nokudhirowa kuMudzidzisi unyanzvi.

Features mavara pencil

Chii chinoita nyore nepenzura, isu kare kunzwisisa. Zvino unofanira kuziva kana uye sei paiva crayons. Zvinozivikanwa kuti chigadzirwa wokutanga une ruvara penzura Zvisinei akazviratidza muna 1820, uyo akagadzira navo, yakaramba isingazivikanwi. The wechitema penzura kutungamirira kwakavakirwa ibatanidzo unobatanidza nenhumbi, filler uye ruvara pigments. Sezvo va- zvinhu makabuda namira kaolin, kuburikidza iyo kutungamirira achiumbwa uye kusakundika. In yepamusoro mavara zvakashandiswa uyewo milled pigments yechitema, sezvamakaropafadzwa ruvara anogona kuva Organic kana inorganic chawo. Sami ruvara pigments dzinobva nezvinhu husingakwanisi rinooma pasi pokudzora rezuva mwaranzi uye zvakatipoteredza kuchengeteka. To musi, nepenzura zvinowanikwa 36 ruvara noruvara maererano pose Pantone kwerima guru. Kana ari fillers, vanokwanisa ichi, kaolin uye choko zvinoshandiswa, izvo pasi kungwarira nokugeda.