Statement pamusoro mutauro Russian vanyori Russian. Pfupi mashoko pamusoro mutauro wokuRussia

mutauro Russian ndohwaJehovha dzepasi uye pakati pamusoro shanu nhamba yevanhu utaura. Ndiyo mutauro mukuru Russia, Inter-kwemadzinza kunyika yaimbova Soviet Union, UN mukuru. Kusiyana mashoko tigutsikane, nokuwanda manyorero, mitauro, kuratidza nzira uye nemikana - ndicho chiduku chakapatsanurwa iwayo unhu kuti vari nhaka pamusoro emakore yawo kuvapo, mutauro Russian. Mashoko wevanyori makuru, necheSalvic tsika uye nzvimbo inokosha mumutauro wedu nayo (ndeye rokumabvazuva bazi) kusimbisa kuti pamusoro nguva basa raro munyika munharaunda chete anotowedzera kumukomborera.

Hazvina kukwana kuti kudzidza chete akataurwa chimiro chake. Munhu akadzidza zvechokwadi munhu Inoziva mitemo uye unhu mutauro chaiko, izvo aishanda nguva dzose yakanakisisa vanyori uye vadetembi weRussia.

Chii tine - tisingadi yokuchengetera ...

Asi zvinosuwisa, panguva ino pavaipfuura Russian wehurumende (zvose zvokukurukura uye chaiko) mutauro ari munowedzera gakava uye awana neveMamwe kupima. Vamwe vanodavira kuti zuva nezuva tinofanira kuratidza zvizere zviri muupenyu, uye saka kubvumira kushandisa yakawanda chikwereti (vakanga nguva dzose ikoko, asi pakanga chiyero), vechidiki akariposhera uye jargon, kutuka, uye kunyange mutauro unonyadzisa. Vamwe, kazhinji vanhu vane philological dzidzo, vakanga hanya ndechokuti nemakore kuzvikudza vanhu (rangarira kuti vakawanda Mitsara kunoshamisa wevanyori mutauro wokuRussia) zvigume kuva mune ramangwana. Uye ichi zvinonzwisisika. Kakawanda, munhu TV chidzitiro kana refu pakakwirira enyika (uchitarisira kuti pane vari vakadzidza vanhu) tinonzwa kutaura aine zvizhinji zvivakamutauro zvikanganiso uye orthoepic, rinooneka kunyange vanhuwo mudzidzi. Asi achangobva basa mutauri kana mutauri zvinoda basa rinokosha, uye kuita pachayo yakanga muenzaniso kuti akwanise kutaura wese eumambo nyika.

Chii chinokonzera neyokuti nokukurumidza kukura mumutauro wokuRussia, kwakakanganisa bata ayo mamiriro zvakavapo?

Taura zvakanaka - kwete mufashoni

Zviri mitinhimira zvinosuruvarisa, asi zviri zvechokwadi. Vateereri kazhinji vanonyanya kukwezvwa kuti interlocutor anogona kuratidza kure akanaka mot, kunyanya kune dzimwe vaya. Hazvina basa, zvakakodzera kana rinoshandiswa (zvakakodzera kutaura V. Belinsky, uyo akanyora kuti kushandisa mashoko vatorwa, pane zviripo Russian anogona kuonekwa sezvo nokutuka "pfungwa uye kuravira ...") uye kana zvarinoreva iri kukanganiswa. Kazhinji aikoshesa munzanga uye anokwanisa kumira kubva pachaunga, kunyange kana zvinoratidza kusaziva zvachose kana vasingaremekedzi vakagamuchira dzemunharaunda nokuzvibata. Panyaya iyi, ndinoyeuka kwete chete mashoko pamusoro mutauro Russian vanyori Russian. Somuenzaniso, kuti vamwe sei kukurira mutauro - kunoreva kufunga uye zvakada (NdiTolstoy). Chekhov, kufungisisa nezvounhu akangwara munhu, akati kutaura zvakaipa "dzinofanira kuzokurukurwa sezvo chisina kunaka sezvo kuti kukwanisa kuverenga nokunyora" naye. Good kuziva uye yeuka kuti enyika yedu, tsika dzemitambo, TV uye vashandi redhiyo uchigadzirira rakasiyana paruzhinji mhando.

Mari mashoko - chiratidzo nguva yokutsanya-ruchiyerera

Chimwe akaipa Fani inotungamirira kuti impoverishment mutauro wokuRussia - basa kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva kuti maserura uye Indaneti. Nokuti zvose dhigirii dzavo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanhu vemazuva ano chinenge kurega kunyora uye kuverenga. Under Kugara nhokwe pfupi SMS vava huru nzira yokukurukurirana hakusi chete kuyaruka uye vechidiki, asiwo vaya vakura. Asi kwatova kwemazana emakore tsika tsamba zvose zvinhu kare - vakatsiviwa e-mail, kazhinji kacho ari mashoma zvipfupi, pakarepo yakashongedzwa. Kudivi rimwe, Chokwadi, chinhu chakanaka kuti chizvarwa ano ari kudzidza muchidimbu vataure zvavanofunga uye flexibly sei kuitika. Pashure pezvose, kunyange Nekrasov akadana kutaura kudaro, "akati kunge pedyo, uye pfungwa - wakapamhama." Ndizvo sezvinoita pfupi mashoko ari mutauro wokuRussia uye kubatsira zvipfupi kutukana kazhinji kutorwa sezvairi. Somugumisiro yacho Kupfupika inova nokuratidzwa zvishoma mafungiro, kushaya mashoko, pane unopinza pfungwa.

Simba guru romubati okuti

Chino kuitika dambudziko, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, ndechokuti anenge kurega kuverenga. Classical mabasa, izvo vaviri emakore apfuura, kuzodzosera verenga rinonyatsotevedza uye kakawanda nhasi kuti vadzidzi vakawanda - uye kwete chete! - akatendeukira zvakapfurikidza. Chii chaizvo ikoko kunakidzwa zvikuru nhetembo pamusoro Pushkin, Lermontov, Blok, Yesenin, Tsvetayeva ... kana urombo zvechokwadi kune magamba Gogol, Turgenev, NdiTolstoy, Bunin, Chekhov, Bulgakov ... Nhasi akakunda pfupiso yavo - kare hwakabudirira. Zvichakadai, akatorwa uye mashoko pamusoro mabhuku Russian ndeyechokwadi refu yaizivikanwa kufunga zvose, kuverenga mabasa akanaka ounyanzvi kunobatsira kudzidzira kutaura zvakanaka uye zvakarurama, muchidimbu uye zvakarurama vataure zvavanofunga. Somuenzaniso, M. Lomonosov munguva yakafanira mubhuku anoonekwa tsime "runako, uchangamire, simba uye hunova yomutauro wokuRussia." Descartes anonziwo kuverenga mabhuku akanaka "Kukurukurirana pamwe yakanakisisa vanhu nguva akapfuura ...". Uye vaya chete vari zvakakwana anogona kunakirwa mutauro ounyanzvi, achavhura zvinorehwa nemutsara K.Paustovsky wechokwadi: "A yakawanda mashoko Russian dzinozopenya nhetembo ...".

Akatonga ezvokunwa tabloids

Chii Zvinovhiringidza kudzoka chaiwo mabhuku pwere mangwana huchamiririra nyika yedu uye atarisire izvozvo? Mostly pfupi, asi risingakanganwiki "Musi-pusi" uye "eyelashes ombera" iri maturo Pop nziyo mutinhimira mumhanzi. Kana zvisingaperi peremyvaniya mapfupa uye chinyakare nyaya iri pasi-nehuma mabhuku: tabloid, tabloid mutikitivha nyaya enganonyorwa nezvorudo. Uye vanotova pano vachayeuka Mitsara vanyori huru mutauro Russian, zvaakanga inonzi "kuchinja, akasvibira, inexhaustibly vapfumi, akangwara, enhetembo Chishandiso" (NdiTolstoy), inobatsira muupenyu, kana "chinhu chinokosha pacharo," umo "zvose grainy , hombe, maparera pachake "(Nikolai Gogol).

Kuda nyika inotanga rudo mutauro

Kukurukura kwakadaro zvokudya shure imwe pfungwa inokosha. Mumwe munhu anofanira kugara kurangarira chimwe chinhu: pasina ruzivo zvakanaka mutauro waamai haagoni kuva Patriot, iyo kunosimbiswa pfupi mashoko pamusoro mutauro wokuRussia. The mutauro National - a "nhoroondo vanhu, nzira yebudiriro uye tsika" (Kuprin), "kupupura kwavanhu, mweya uye upenyu ..." (P. Vyazemsky). Ndokusaka kazhinji pamwe vhidhiyo zvinyorwa pamusoro zvizere kunzwisisa kwemasayendisiti kuitika panguva kukura nyika, kuwana Kunyatsoziva mabasa ngano (kunyanya zvirevo, nziyo, epics), ounyanzvi pamusoro dzekare mabhuku, zvedzidzo nemashoko.

Achiratidza, ndinoda anokwezvera anozivikanwa mashoko N. Karamzin kuti haugoni uchiti uri Patriot pasina rudo mai rurimi.

Uise munyika

The yairwisana vanhu vazhinji neImba matauriro kunonyanya mwoyo pamusoro pakanyorwa kuziva zvemashoko yedu girama vatorwa. Somuenzaniso, yakanakisisa mutsara mutauro Russian vatungamiriri yokumwe zvinosimbisa ukuru hwake pamusoro mimwe mitauro kuvazivisa. The vakapfuma zvose "tumitauro European", "mutauro nhetembo" akaritumidza mumwe munyori wokuFrance P. Merimee, "akanaka", "kupfuura simba uye akapfuma mutauro mhenyu" - Shona. Hazvina richikoshawo pano uye mashoko mutauro Russian vanyori Russian. Kuzivikanwa Worldwide uye kukwirira girama Russian vaipemberera vadetembi M. Lomonosov M. Derzhavin. Aaisitaura Dostoevsky, chete nyanzvi zvizere mutauro waamai, unogona kudzidza mumwe mutauro. Zvinoshamisa uye nemaonero Leo NdiTolstoy, muridzi zvakakwana French. Akabvuma kuti pakupedzisira vanopfuura chete "kuratidza kubvisa", asi mwoyo mwoyo unogona kutaura chete Russian.

"The mutauro Russian - mumwe wemitauro vakapfuma munyika ..."

Akanyora anopfuura zana adarika Belinsky. Nyatsoongorora verenga Mitsara vanyori guru mutauro wokuRussia, unogona zvishoma nezvishoma kunzwisisa mitemo kutaura yakakwana, rwakazokura, sezvo dzatoona, husiri nyore kuwana mazuva ano. "Hapana ruzha, mavara, mifananidzo uye pfungwa, izvo havana kuwana chaiyo okuti", - akati K. Paustovsky. Uye Chekhov, vachiedza kuponesa vaairarama uye nevazukuru rokurara Sophistication mumashoko, akanyevera kuti: "Mutauro anofanira nyore uye kwezvokufuka." Zvadaro, mumaoko vanokwanisa kwayo, akafunga A.Kuprin, vachava "rakanaka, kunonakidza, anotaurisa, aichinja-chinja, vanoteerera, vakachenjera uye rakapamhamha," uye, maererano K.Paustovsky, nayo muchigona 'basa zvishamiso ".

Vachinetseka rudo uye ruremekedzo, uye ose zvinotaura vadetembi Russian yomutauro wokuRussia.

"The mukuru, ane simba, chokwadi uye vakasununguka ..."

epithets kwakadaro akapa rurimi rwaamai I. S. Turgenev, munyori detembo iri prose, anozivikanwa, zvichida, mumwe mugari wenyika yacho. It paanoona munyori "kutsigirwa uye rubatsiro", chinoda kure nomusha. Basa riri zvakazadza vaine rudo huru pfuma vanhu anobatsira kuti chinangwa vaongorore zviri kuitika munyika. Kuitirwa manzwiro akafanana Ivan S. uye kuremekedza vanhu Russian - svikiro guru mutauro. Pfungwa mbiri idzi ndidzo vasingasiyani mupfungwa munyori, sezvinoratidzwa pfupi mashoko ari mutauro wokuRussia: "Hazvibviri kuti kudavira kuti mutauro kwakadaro akanga asina kupiwa rudzi rukuru."

"Mother rurimi"

Azere kuzvipokanidza, kutobaya chivara zvaimushungurudza nhetembo symbolist Bryusov. Mudetembi rakanyatsojekawo pupuro ake kuti mutauro ari iye pachake akaisvonaka nebudiriro vanhu Russian. Anopa vakazvitsaurira mapapiro, kunze "wachi kusabetsera," kunyura muchakavanzika vatorwa ruzha. Zvisinei, mutauro Russian kuti nyanduri kwete chete "shamwari yechokwadi", asi "muvengi achinyengera," "mambo", uyo akaisa nengetani dzake uye haana kurega kuenda. Nekuti Bruce yakakodzera anoda pachake kwepfuma yake zvose nokuda nhaka. Similar mashoko pamusoro mutauro vanyori Russian Russian uye vadetembi kuratidza kwavo basa rinokosha panyika: chokuchengetedza chivimbiso chikuru zvakapiwa vanhu, ndizvipe zvizvarwa zvavo. "Nyika yako - nokusingaperi vakagara yangu" - anokwevera mutsetse pasi mifungo yake Bryusov, kuona nzvimbo mutauro Russian muupenyu hwavo.

By K. Balmont

River uye inowanzorimwa nzvimbo akazadzwa kupopota gondo uye mhumhi ichidzvova, mabhero outorwa uye senjiva nenjiva, kugunun'una kiyi uye chitubu danda, anoona mutauro wokuRussia mune imwe nhetembo. Shoko Wizard anobatsira mudetembi kutsanangura rakasiyana runako wenyika, kuratidza rudo dzemadzibaba musha, uye Russia, izvo akamanikidzwa kusiya zvachose.

Munyaya ino prices, mashoko pamusoro mutauro mukuru Russian kudzokorora mashoko rimwe basa nokuda K. Balmont - "mutauro Russian: The kuda sezvo hwaro okugadzira zvinhu." Mariri mudetembi anoshevedza mutauro womunyika "wechokwadi, primordial, yakachena, yakanaka," chikamu "mumwe mukuru mascots" Russia guru. Zvaringana kubata mutauro wokuRussia, uye iye achaita kwazvo mufananidzo, zvaizivikanwa vose kubva pauduku. Uye munyengetero inzwi nokuda Balmont mitsetse akakurumbira uye achipanga muutapwa Turgenev.

"Ushingi"

Chimwe detembo kukuru ndezvevanhu Anna Akhmatova, zvakanyorwa muna 1941 mu rakakombwa Leningrad. Akhmatova anotaura chinonetsa nguva yokuti nyika yose chizvarwa zviso, uyo akadzivirira nyika uye chikuru National pfuma: "... isu achachengetedza iwe, nokutaura Russian ...." Ichi basa rake rokutanga ari mudetembi uye mugari, vaikwanisa "Great Russian shoko" kurudzira uye rutsigiro vomunyika. Uye kufanana mhiko kuridza okupedzisira akarongwa nhetembo: "vakasununguka uye zvakajeka ... iwe yakatsvairwa muusungwa zvachose."

Zvechokwadi, mashoko wevanyori Russian mutauro wokuRussia zvakadaro, yakaisvonaka nhetembo kwesimba rake uye simba kwete kutsigira vanhu chinonetsa chinhu kwaari uye kuti nyika.

Achiratidza

Pasina mubvunzo, kuRussia mabhuku mutauro wenyika yendarama pavane nyika yedu. Uye mabasa ounyanzvi kupendwa pamusoro payo vanobatanidzwa chezvipo mabhuku nyika. Uye dzose zvinotaura mutauro wokuRussia vanyori Russian, vadetembi nezvimwe Artists pashure emakore uye emakore vakanga azadzwa kuzvikudza chete pakuti vava chizvarwa vakurukuri, kutenda musimba rake, tinofanira kuramba kuti dzakapiwa kwatiri somunhu nhaka.