Tailed amphibians: vamiririri vakanyanya kupfuura vehondo iyi

Tailed amphibians, avo vanomiririra vashoma kwazvo, vane kufanana kwakakura mukugadzirwa nematatya. Asi, kusiyana nematatya, kune mhando dzinenge mazana matatu nemakumi matatu emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Tritons, salamanders uye mitsipa dzomukati ndezvenamphibian.

Kunze kwekunze kwema tphibian

Kufanana nematatya, ganda remuswe rakashama, kune mitezo mina, asi kune muswe. Kunze kwemaamphibian kunze kwemasikati kwakafanana nemaruva, kunyange zvazvo vane gills. Mitezo yemuviri inotapira, isina makona akapinza.

Limbs inoshandiswa chete nokuda kwekufambisa kune dzimwe nyika, mumatare emamphibian haavashandisi.

Maziso, pamwe chete nematatya, akafukidzwa nemaziso emaziso akajeka, anovadzivirira kubva kune tsvina uye kubuda kwezuva.

Habitat

Chinenge chiri munharaunda yekumusoro kweHemisphere inogara taly amphibians. Dzimwe mhando dzinosarudza kurarama mumvura uye dzinongowanzoonekwa pasi pose. Zvimwe, pane zvinopesana, kurarama zvachose panyika uye kupinda mumvura sezvaunoda. Izvo zvipenyu zvinenge zvisingabatsiri mumvura. Uye avo vanoda kurarama mumvura, pane zvinopesana, havazokwanisi kufamba nenzira yakawanda pamhenderekedzo. Izvo zvipenyu zvine mhedziso mafupi. Nyaya yacho inoratidza mifananidzo yavo inofadza.

Tailed amphibians inonyanya kubuda usiku uye inopedza zuva iri mumabhiri, pasi pematombo, mumakumbo kana mune dzimwe dzimba.

Uglozuby

Iyi mhuri yemumisipiresi inogara kuSouth-Asia. Asi mumwe wevamiririri varo, newt Siberia, anogara kunze kweArctic Circle.

Iyi ingangodaro iga yega inotonhorera-inouraya iyo yakakwira kusvika kure nechokumaodzanyemba. Iyo itsva yeSiberia ndeyekare yekare, uye, zvichida, yakapukunyuka nekuda kwekuti mumucheto we permafrost, haina makwikwi.

Iyo itsva yeSiberia inokwanisa kutarisana nekupisa, uye kune zviitiko apo pavakawana ganda reSiberia makore zana apfuura muchando, uye akazova mupenyu mushure mekunyunguduka kwechando.

Fiery salamander

Salamanders vave vachizivikanwa kubvira kare kare kwete seamphibia, kunyadzisa, asi se pesongage yenhema. Zvaitendwa kuti saranda haisi kutya moto, inogara muchitofu kana moto uye inodzivirira imba kubva mumoto. Maererano nerimwe shanduro, yaiva mweya wemoto.

Asi mumiririri akajeka - saramende ye moto - yakatumidzwa kwete nekuda kwechikonzero ichi. Anongova nemuvara wakanaka weganda: mitsvuku yakajeka uye yemarangi panzvimbo yakasviba. Uye, seminwe yeminwe yemunhu, maitiro emaruva haadzokeri.

Mhepo inopisa moto inogara pedyo nemamwe marudzi evanhu vanozviti vaSaramanders chaivo. Vanorarama muNorth America, Europe uye Asia.

Chirume chine misi mirefu uye mapepa asina michina yekushambira.

Giant salamander

Inomiririra mhuri yezvinyorwa, musasa wemamphibian tailed.

Uyu ndiye mumiririri mukuru wemarudzi ose evanhu vane mazphibi. Kureba kwechigamba chikuru kunogona kusvika kune imwe mamita nehafu.

Inonyanya kurarama pedyo nehova huru dzeChina neJapan. Anoda kukurumidza kufamba. Pasi pematombo makuru kana anodarika, anoshandisa masikati masikati, uye usiku hunoenda kunopamba. Iyo inodya chirairo chikuru nehove duku, matatya, zvipembenene uye crustaceans. Muromo waro unopa mazino maduku, ayo anoshandiswa kubata mhuka.

Muviri wehuturoyi uyu unobatanidzwa kubva kumativi, semusoro. Muswe wacho unomanikidzwawo kumativi uye unonzwa mukufamba pamvura.

Mhedziso yegigantic salamander yakareba uye ine zvigunwe zvina. Pane zvigunwe zvishanu pamakumbo echipiri.

Ruvara mune izvi zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, mushure mifananidzo yakasvibiswa mumusi mutsvuku, uye zvisingaoneki mavara, uye dumbu riri chiedza uyewo nemichena yemavara.

Parizvino, sarlamander guru haigoni kuwanikwa mumasikirwo. Ane nyama inonaka kwazvo, uye akazova tsvina.

Allegam zvakavanzika

Inoitika muNorth America uye inenge yakareba kwehafu yehafu mamita. Mukuonekwa, iri pedyo negigantic salamander. Chivara cheganda chiedza kana kuti tsvuku, kubva kumativi kusvika pamakona emakumbo makumbo anotambanudza ganda.

Anogara muhova nemhepo inokurumidza, munzvimbo dzisina kudzika. Anotungamirira hupenyu hwemasikati, kunze kwemwaka wekusimudza. IAllegam secretobranch inosva mumvura uye inowanzosvika kumusoro.

Tritons

MuGirisi yekare, zvitsva zvinonzi mutsara wechikadzi wechishamiso. Asi zvino zvitsva zvinoshevedza miswe yemamphibians, iyo inorarama zvikuru mumvura.

Chimiro chemuviri wemitsva chinopesana zvishoma kubva pakuwedzerwa kwevarume vanoita salamanders: muviri unenge wakanyongedzwa kubva kumativi, uye muswe une zvidhi zvishoma zvakafanana nehove yekupedzisira.

Makumbo eewt haana kunyanya kugadzirwa uye haana kunyatsogadziriswa kufamba kwepamusoro. Mumvura, anonzwa anonyanya kuvimba uye anoshambira nemuswe. Munguva yekufamba, amphibiya anokonzera zvipfeko zvake kumashure kwake uye anozvishandisa sechiremera.

Tritons ari usiku - vanogara munzvimbo yekuvata masikati, uye vanoenda kunze vachivhima usiku. Vanodya pahonye uye zvipembenene. Munguva yechando, kuvanda mumapoka mashoma mumashizha pedyo nenzvimbo, pavanoronga kubuda mukati megore.

Tiger Ambystoma

Aya mazinga emamphibians haakurati makuru. Kureba kwavo kune 15-20 masentimita chete. Kune vasere subspecies. Musoro wegand ambistomy wakakomba uye wakakura, uye muviri wakaoma.

Ruvara rwechikara nderima tsvuku kana muorivhi wemaini ane mavara machena.

Izvi zvinyorwa zvemafirimu zvinosarudza kugara pedyo nekudzikama mvura - madziva kana makungwa. Kazhinji haasi kugara pedyo nenzizi. Kufanana nemamwe ose emamphibians, anotungamirira hupenyu hweusiku, uye usiku vanowana zvokudya. Inopa tiger ambistomy insects, minye, mollusks nezvimwe zvidiki zviduku.

Iyi mhuka inogona kuchengetedza imba iri mumvura. Uyewo mune dzimwe nyika dzeUnited States, tiger ambistomy inoratidzwa semhuka yakachengetedzwa.

Pacific salamander

Anogara mumasango eCanada uye USA. Salamanders vanogara mumabhiri, uye havazvigoni ivo pachavo, asi shandisa dzimba dzemakwenzi maduku. Kana kuwana chimwe chinhu pasi uye ugare ipapo.

Chinhu chinonakidza zvikuru chinodzivirirwa kubva kune vavengi. Nhamba yepacific yePacific inogona kukonzera muswe wayo sechirwere. Anogonawo kukanda chepfu kubva mumuswe wayo.

Paunorwisa, inofanana nekati: iyo inokonzera muswe wayo nebhogiri, inoisa musana wayo uye inopisa nehupfu. Kazhinji kazhinji nenzira iyi, inodzivirira masvingo ayo, asi mune dzimwe nguva inogona kutakura kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo.

Chernobryukha pasina kupora kwemapuranga

Anogara mumakomo eApalachia, ari muUnited States. Anoda kugara pedyo nehova dzemvura inotonhorera.

Ratidza mararamiro emucheka mutsvuku, asingachaoneki masikati pamusana.

Icho chitubu chine matema chine simba uye chakashata. Kusiyana nemamwe vapanduki, iye anoda kubuda mumvura ndokufamba-famba kunze kwegungwa rake. Inogona kusvetuka pamatombo, mumatope nematavi.

Kana pane njodzi, inovanza mumvura pamheni inopenya uye inozvivanza pachayo pakati pemashizha emvura.

Izvozvo zvinokonzera kusvibiswa kwemazamu-mazamu anononoka, saka anodya zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyi mhuka ndeyeye-no-pulmonary salamanders.

Triton kazhinji

Anogara mumhepo inotonhorera yeAfrica Eurasia. Triton yakakura muhukuru, munhu mukuru anogona kukura kusvika masendimita gumi nemaviri. Pakati idzi, 6 ndiwo urefu hwemuswe.

Mucherechedzo wemutsva ndeyewo, hutema, uye dumbu rinopenya muvara. Mavara mavara akapararira paganda. Kukwezva vakadzi, varume vanonyorwa zvakajeka. Munguva yekusimudza, mukomana ane chigadziko chakaisvonaka cheruvara rwebhuruu-ruvara rwebhuruu. Inotanga kubva pamusoro uye inoguma pamucheto wemuswe. Mukadzi panguva inosimudza anogonawo kupenya. Kuti upe vana, itsva inofanira kuva yakwegura kupfuura makore maviri.

Iyo itsva inopa zvipembenene, minye, zviduku zvishoma. Anonyanya kurarama uye anovhima pasi, achivanza masikati uye achibuda achivhima usiku, uye anowira muhubernation yechando.

Crested newt

Iyi itsva inofanana neyeye, asi yakakura muhukuru. Kureba kunogona kusvika masentimita makumi maviri. Ganda rekitsva rinoputika rakafukidzwa nediki duku.

Ganda rinopenya , uye mimba ndeyorineni. Pamusoro pemuviri mavara madema anopararira.

Muzinga munguva yekusimwa inowana ruvara rwebhuruu kurwisa mukadzi. Chii chinonzi chimiro, musikana panguva yemitambo yekusangana haisi "akapfekedzwa".

Uyewo nepamusoro pevose vemaamphibians, muzinga-sa newt unotungamirira hupenyu husiku. Mumasikati anogara munzvimbo yekugara, uye usiku hunoendesa zvokudya.

The Little Asian Triton

Kirasi inomiririrwa nemamphibians, boka rakanyanyisa, mhuri yevarume vechokwadi, maitiro ezvitsva.

Kureba kweAsia Triton kunogona kubva kune 15 kusvika ku17 masentimita. Miswe yacho yakareba uye yakakura kudarika muviri. Munguva yekusimudza, vanhurume vanoita sevane muzinga. Kumushure, inofanana nemafuta ehove.

Kuvhenekera kweAsiaatic Triton ndiko kutungamirira-maorivhi uye yose yepamuviri yakasvikwa nemaruva. Pamativi acho pane mutsvuku uye mutsvuku. Mucherechedzo wedumbu ndeyero.

Hupenyu hwemaAmphibia munyika yose yeEurasia, vanoda kugara mumakomo nemasango. Zvigadziro zvinosarudza nefuma yakawanda yemvura.

Inosara padziva chete muzhizha uye pakutanga kwekuvhura. Haatenderi kupisa, anogona kufa nokuti haafaniri kuvhima. Nokuda kwehusiku hwechando.

Chidiki chiduku chekuAsia chekutsvaira, mawere, spider, minye uye zvitsva zviduku.

Idzo itsva inobereka mumvura. Izvo zvinokambaira zvemaamphibian anorema anobuda mushure memwedzi uye anotanga kudyisa pazuva rechipiri. Musati mazadziro akazara eewt kubva mumarara, mwedzi mina inopfuura.

Vakadzi vanorarama kaviri kana nguva yakareba sevarume - makore makumi maviri nemashanu. Murume ane makore 12 chete.