The Emperor Hadrian: ushe uye zvinofadza zvinhu

Aitonga 117-138 AD., The Roman Emperor Hadrian akaberekwa muna '76. Akaberekwa ari nyuchi italica, riri muruwa Baetica pedyo Thiruvananthapuram ano. Adrian ndiye mwanakomana praetor vaPubhirio Elia Adrian Afra (kureva African, musoro ndokuenda kuna baba vake sezvo mubayiro wake webasa ari kure-Mauritania). mai Mukomana aiva Domitia Paulina rinobva Spanish Hadhesi. Emperor Hadrian vaiva vakakwirira. sekuru vake kudivi yababa vake aiva nhengo weSeneti uye murume tete pakati Trajan. mambo uyu, uyo akatonga kwamakore 98-117., The asvika babamunini Adrian muzukuru wacho, akava mutarisiri wake afa vabereki vomwana muna '85.

youth

ramangwana mambo The Hadrian akasarudza rechiuto basa. Akava wehondo vari mapoka, akashanda kupfuura chaizvo yeEuropean mapurovhinzi Upper Germany, Lower Moesia uye Lower Pannonia. Sezvo rworudyi Trajan, Hadrian vaimuperekedza achienda kuRoma, paakanga achigadzirira kuita zvairayirwa chigaro. In guru, mauto akaroorwa. Nomudzimai wake vakava Vibia Sabina - mwanasikana muzukuru chamambo itsva.

Ipapo Adrian akava quaestor, akaraira munhu neRegiyoni vakashumira praetor munguva Dacian hondo. Kwekanguva akanga gavhuna Lower Pannonia, iyo pave mambo pachake. Adrian siyana basa basa uye Executive. Muna 108, nemukuru unhu akamutendera kuti kuva Mumiriri. Nokuti Empire yaiva chipatapata nguva - anokosha Nhamba vehurumende vaifanira kupindura zhinji matambudziko yaitonga. Pakatanga hondo pamwe Parfiey Adrian akaenda Siria, kwaakabereka gavhuna weruwa kumuganhu.

Trajan kuti mugari wenhaka

Muna 117, kechipiri Adrian akasarudzwa Mumiriri. Zvisinei, mune imwe muzhizha Trajan akafa uye akamuka rine minzwa nyaya kuchinjwa kwesimba kuti aizomutsiva. Kwamazuva matatu mashoko Kesari rufu yakaramba isingazivikanwi kusvikira zvavo. Elites vaiedza kubvumirana pane ndiani achava musoro idzva ehurumende. Zuva rakatevera, pashure pokufa Trajan kuwanikwa rokupedzisira uye testamende, vake chaakanga adopts Adriana ndokupfuura zvakanaka kune chigaro. Chokwadi chokuti pakupedzisira kuda wemufi dzakatsigira wake Pompeia Plotina.

Pasinei nhau iyi kuitwa kwakaita zvimwe kusava nechokwadi. Zvichitevera accession kuti chigaro Hadrian kunyange itsva yesimbi pamwe mufananidzo ayo Profile vakasunungurwa, pamusoro raakanga vanoda Caesar, asi kwete August. Zvisinei, of facto kuchinjwa kwesimba richiri inoitwa. Shoko rokupedzisira raiva hondo, uye iye vakatsigira wacho, ivo vanoziva muchiuto. Kushorwa mutongi mutsva aigona kuva weSeneti, asi vakuru ari chaivo voga, nokuzvidira kana kwete, asi akabvuma namambo mutsva.

norugare

Chinhu chokutanga mambo mutsva Hadrian anonamatwa mugadzi ake uye muchengeti. Nokuti ichi aifanira kukumbira mvumo kubva Seneti. The zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe mutongi kurutivi simba makurukota akanga chaiwo. Autocrat vaiva vakuru noruremekedzo uye ruremekedzo. Kutaura zvazviri, akanga yakasainwa chokusarwisana chibvumirano, anosarudza pachake akava Adrian. WeRoma akavimbisa haana kuranga vakakwirira, kana kuti haangavi kuvhiringidza muviri yakazvimirira negwaro.

Chido kubata yavo yakanga isina netsaona. pfungwa Adrian muzvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana avo akatungamirira Trajan. mambo mutsva vakaramba zvimwe nokuwedzera kumabvazuva. Chikonzero kuti vaiva mikuru nemhirizhonga muMesopotamia. Nokuda kwavo, Kesari Hadrian yokutonga yakatanga yokuti akasarudza agumise kuvhiringidza pamuganhu. On mirairo vake mauto akamisa hondo kuPatiya. Buffer inoti pakati Persia uye hweRoma akagara mumaoko amadzimambo muranda yemo.

nzwisisa Gwaro nokukurumidza akapa muchero. Nokusagadzikana ikanyarara. Pachapera kubudirira Adrian akafunga nezvemamwe pamahombekombe Danube. Kuburikidza ichi muchinjikwa muganhu rwizi mu wehurumende yeRoma yakatanga nechisimba Roksolany uye Sarmatians. Army akarwisa muArabhu izvi, vakauya vachibva Sea Black steppes. In dzakavakidzana Dacia Traian Adrian yakasimbiswa pakuunganidza nokupinda chinhu chitsva administrative maitiro uye akaparadzanisa mudunhu migove mitatu.

The Emperor uye vakakwirira

Winter makore 118 Adrian kupedzerwa neBhitiniya uye Nicomedia. Ikoko anzwa mashoko anoitika vairemekedzwa muguta guru. Panguva iyoyo muRoma wevarindi Attia pasina mambo akaurayiwa enyika akawanda simba, vaifungidzirwa hurumende. Pakati pavo paiva Lucius Konst, uyo pachake Adrian nguva pfupi asati anodzingwa pambiru yake sezvo gavhuna weJudhiya. Mumwe varangwe akaratidza Gaius Avidius Nigrinus, inokurukura zvinoita mutsivi kuna mambo.

Pauchadzidza wazvakaitika zvakaitika, Adrian akadzokera kuRoma. Aifanira varatidzirei weSeneti kuti akanga asiri mune rufu vakuru vakuru. Kuti izvi zvidaro, mambo akaita chibayiro dzvene, nokunyima Attia ake wevarindi. Kunyange zvakadaro, nyaya iyi aiva kunambwa pamusoro noukama yaAugust uye Seneti.

kunwa mapurovhinzi

Nesimba Adrian - mambo Roman, uyo aiva wokutanga munhevedzano vamutangira uye vatsivi akaita akafamba ake guru. Ari chakakodzera vaiona mumwe mukuru vafambi vekare. Peak mufambe enyika kwakaitika mumakore 121-132. Muguta rimwe nerimwe, mambo pachake vagari kuziva zvinetso zvavo uye kugadzirisa zvinetso zvavo kudiwa.

Ruzivo pamusoro yekwake, Hadrian akarayira kusunungura dzinotevedzana mari, izvo vaiva nzvimbo mumwe mufananidzo rweRoma. A siyana ehurumende pamucheto hunotaurwa somukadzi. Vose vakasiyana mumwe ane nemamwe maitiro chizenga: munondo Asian, muEgipita nezizi guru, mutambo vavaGiriki, uye zvichingodaro ..

Adrian akava mambo wokutanga, akasiya dzidziso, maererano izvo Empire aizova chete kuti zvinakire Rome. Ndiye akaronga kuti pave hombe mamiriro mupenyu muviri, ichazombova izvo asina munhoroondo yevanhu. Autocrat kuonekwa Empire akakunda uye kwete conglomeration pakati ndakabatikana dzacho, uye munzanga, izvo aigara nemamwe marudzi mazhinji. Hadrian afunge remabasa enyika vakaramba vachimuvenga zvokutoda kumuponda kumarudzi kwake.

navi Adrian

Chinangwa guru rokutanga kushanyira Hadrian aiva Gaul. Mambo purovhinzi, riri mudziyo wokushambidzira pakati Rhine uye Danube. Akabva akaenda kure Britain. Pachinzvimbo Kesari nechokuchamhembe pakuvaka rusvingo refu, akadzivirira Roman nhaka nokuda Caledonians aivavenga.

Mugore 122, Adrian akaenda zvakare kuna Gaul, panguva ino wokumaodzanyemba kwayo munharaunda. The guta Nemause (Nimes ano), akaisa chechi kukudzwa ichangobva kufa mudzimai Trajan rePompeii Platinum. Emperor pose kuedza kusimbisa pachavo Zvavaitenda vakananga baba vake uye nemhuri yake. The italica, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pamusoro Hadrian, mambo weRoma akashanyira yechando rinotevera, kubva apo akatamira Mauritania uye Africa.

Muna 123, kuti hukama pakati kuRoma uye kuPatiya akapona mumwe muedzo simba. Achityira hondo, Adrian akashanyira kumabvazuva kunyika. Iye akabata hurukuro nevaPezhiya uye kuderedza dambudziko. Panguva rwendo urwu Kesari akashanyira Palmyra uye kuAndiyoki. Gore rakatevera, iro indefatigable Adrian akasvika muThrace, apo akavaka guta zita rake Adrianople. Izvi enyika uye zvetsika muzinda umambo akapona. Munguva iri Byzantine Empire, aiva mumwe yayo zvikuru dzematunhu nzvimbo. Nhasi muguta ndiro zita Turkish pamusoro Edirne.

Curious rwendo Emperor Girisi. Munguva imwe izvi August pachake akatora mugove zvakavanzika Eleusis - ndero inokosha wepagore rechitendero mhemberero yakatsaurirwa kuna mwarikadzi wembereko Persephone uye Demeter. Uyewo mambo kuona kuti akwira pamusoro Etna rinoputika muSicily. Vatariri kuburikidza Empire, Adrian vakakunda dzakawanda dzinopisa (semuenzaniso, Kasiya yokuSiriya). Ndakashanyira Ijipiti August uye yakanaka. Akasvika Colossi pamusoro Memnon - ibwe mifananidzo Pharaoh Amenhotep III, vamire Thebes atova rimwe nehafu chemakore.

The memasvingo itsva

Nokuti mambo uye hunhu netsika, zvakanga zvakakosha kuti Adrian - mambo Roman, ane Biography muenzaniso inobudirira nemauto, pashure zvose, vakanga vaenda zvematongerwo enyika. Abereka mambo, akatanga kakawanda kuenda kuhondo. Mambo yakashanyira uye nguva kukutarisa mauto, vachiongorora dzavo Kuwanikwa uye yetsiva unyanzvi. Sezvo Adrian akaramba mberi kuwedzera weRoma, mauto aifanira kuchinja zvachose nzira yake. Kunyimwa akunde, zvikakandirwa nokusimbaradza pamuganhu nzvimbo.

Munguva Hadrian pamwe ehurumende pamuganhu vakawanda masvingo simba dzakavakwa. Home nhare umambo akaonekwa kuchamhembe Britain. Izvi rusvingo kare kutaurwa, rinonzi Hadrian kuti Wall, Munotatamura kubva inoenda Munyu Mystery uye kunyange chinopukunyuka nhasi. Its yakavakwa turf uye ibwe. The maitiro zviri rusvingo akatanga inoerera muchimiro tsamba V. Vamwe Roman Britain akadzivirira namasuwo makuru uye neshongwe vakareba, dzaiva yakanakisisa uye kupfuura akaomarara legionaries. rusvingo Total kurindwa gumi nezvishanu vanhu. Kuchamhembe kwayo pane ufuza unconquered Caledonia.

masvingo Similar akaonekwa Greece uye Germany. Vakanga akaiswa ipapo, pakanga pasina dzinongoitika dzinongoitika miganhu (semuenzaniso nzizi). The mugove chakasimba pamusoro urefu mazana maviri mamaira yakaitirwa pakati Danube uye Rhine. mugodhi uyu akanga akaroora rusvingo huni uye akapoteredza mawere kumigero.

Zvakachinja Hondo

Nemhaka inodzivirira wokuti Hadrian pedyo nemiganhu chero vachibudirira vehurumende ugari. Vakauya pedyo mumisasa zvechiuto. The colonists vakaedza kutiza vavakidzani venyika kunze kwemasvingo guta ngozi.

Uye achinja mararamiro hondo. Zvino varwi vari kwete kurwa, uye ruminant mabhiza, kuvaka yamabwe, akaitwa yunifomu, achichengetedza uye kutakura zviyo, mubasa mhuka minda. Haizorambi zvakachinja kubva kudunhu kusvikira kudunhu euto akawedzera zvikuru ayo munda basa. Zvino vakasarudza uye matambudziko emari.

zvakagadzirwa zvose izvi vanokurudzirwa Adrian pachake. Roman Emperor, Photo busts kuti tiratidzei hunoshamisa uye kwazvo munhu noupwere, asinganeti mubasa zvenyika wehondo, ndiro mbiru norugare uye kubudirira guru wehurumende. Adrian aida zvaidiwa zvachose chirango uye panguva imwe chete anokwanisa netsitsi kutaura nemasoja. Aigara kupinda anofambisa, vaiita chikafu uye upenyu legionaries. Sam vakabuda muchiuto kwezvakatipoteredza, mambo akadana vakuru vari inifanduri uye tsitsi huru. Kunyanya nokuti ichi yaitonga Hadrian muumambo hwacho haana chimwe musoja wacho mutiny.

Kupandukira Jewish

Most wemakore Hadrian yaiva murunyararo. Hondo chakakomba chete yakatanga muna 132, pedyo kuguma kwake ushe. Ridzai nezvokumukira vechiJudha muJudhiya. Chikonzero mhirizhonga kwaiva kuvaka temberi yeRoma muJerusarema. The neshasha of yemuna raiva Simioni Bar Kochba. Vapanduki vakabata Jerusarema uye akadzinga naye kubva Romans. The kudzvinyirira reuto yemuna akatora makore matatu.

Zviito vehondo pacharo panguva nenguva raitarisirwa Adrian. WeRoma, aivapo kweJerusarema muna 134 gore. Mwedzi mishomanana pashure pechiitiko ichi, vakapararira vakasara nevari vakazokundwa vakakundwa mauto. VaJudha udzvanyiriri vakawa. Zvikurukuru, vairambidzwa kudzingiswa.

Rufu uye Nhaka

Kwevaapostora akaratidza chinetso chikuru nezvakaonekwa Adrian. The Roman Emperor haana akamuka vana. ukama hwake nomudzimai wake Sabina Vibiey vaibudirira muchitonhorera. Akafa mugore 128. Makore masere gare gare, Hadrian wokurera Lutsiya Kommoda, asi akafa nguva isati yakwana. Rakatevera raiva yepamutemo mugari wenhaka Antoniy PY. Kuti vave nechokwadi-refu chamazuva simba uye runotevera akatsiva Hadrian akarayira kuti vave naRukio Verus uye Marcus Aurelius. Vose akazova mambo. Adrian pachake akafira musi 10 Chikunguru 138 makore. To nzvimbo yake muRoma Mausoleum yakavakwa pachine. Nhasi anozivikanwa sezvo Castel Sant'Angelo.

Adrian - mambo Roman, ane zuva rekuberekwa (24 January 76) chakaitika panguva ichatonga zvine mbiri tsika yechihedheni. The Emperor aiva pachake yaitonga ake. Iye aifarira mashiripiti, hwenyeredzi, uye muchirongwa mhemberero dzechitendero. Adrian akanyora nhetembo akawanda, aida mabhuku uye waiva kugara vachionana vanyori yakanakisisa wepanguva. Iyewo aifarira mapurani uye nounyanzvi. Munguva Hadrian muumambo hwacho, mutsva Genre kuti kupenda, akafuridzirwa netsika dzechiGiriki. Iye ndiye wokutanga August vakange hunomirirwa muimba idealized nenzira uye ane ndebvu,.

Painters Roman uye vavezi vemabwe zvikuru Kesari Hadrian uye Antinous - kufarira uye akaswedera Emperor. Uyu murume wechiduku akanga zvinosuruvarisa rikanyuramo murwizi muna 130. Adrian akarayira pokugadzwa munhu kunamatwa Antinous dzechitendero, uye kubva kuti airemekedzwa samwari.

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro Emperor

Architectural muropa Adriana mudzidziso zvakajeka zvikuru yake kugara ekuRome, Tibur, akavaka pakati materu neyemiorivhi. Villa Emperor vanoratidza zvakasiyana-siyana siyana, zvakafanana nezvaiitwa vamwe siyana enyika neHurumende chaakanga wakashanyira. Adrian akaita akapoteredzwa achizvicheka ezvivako chakasimba experimenters uye akavarayira kuti kusika chinhu zvachose chitsva. Ongororo mugumisiro akanga mudungwe pamwe zvidhina kongiri mamiriro, akafanana zvakanga vasipo kuRoma. Saka muna Empire paiva chimurenga chaiye amuka uye mufashoni akaoma curved chimiro, iyo yakatsiva mano twasu mitsetse.

Augustus pachake akanga asiri kuenda muchisungwazve kune zvakagadzirwa oga ake Villa. Adrian - mambo Roman, panguva vane yokutonga (117-138) dzakawira yepamusoro kunamata vanamwari vekare. Vachikudza pantheon kwavo rakavakwazve pamusoro ari Champ de Mars. At nzvimbo chechi yekare, chivako chitsva ari kumativi serin'i. Hadrian kwakaita Pantheon ndiye wokutanga zvivako zvakadaro, apo vakaungana vatendi.

Maererano kuda mambo pedyo Roman Forum Temberi Venus uye Roma yakanga yakavakwa. Separate rechitendero kuvaka ezvivako chakavakwa kuremekedza Trajan akaverenga navanamwari. MuAtene, Kesari akatanga rokuvakazve temberi Zeus. Hapana mubvunzo kuti Kesari Hadrian, ane Biography kwave chokuita vakawanda nzendo kumabvazuva kwenyika yacho, yaiva ellinofilom wechokwadi.