Shellenberg Valter - Brigadeführer SS. Biography

Walter Friedrich Schellenberg - Brigadeführer SS Major General wemapurisa uye SS mauto. Akava ari gotwe mufananidzo Third Reich. Hitler akanga atova akaita "Beer Hall Putsch" uye tichiita zvokunyora "Mein Kampf" apo Walter chete akaenda kuchikoro mugwaro wechishanu Luxembourg. vaoni vakawanda anozivikanwa munhu uyu nokuda basa reDare Olegom Tabakovym mu firimu "Tizenhet nguva Spring". Ipapo vazhinji Ndaifarira mashiripiti Schellenberg, uye kunyange makore ake nemuzukuru akazonyora tsamba kuna mutambi, izvo akapindura flatteringly pamusoro wake mutambo.

youth

Shellenberg Valter akaberekwa January 16, 1910. Nzvimbo yechizvarirwo ndiyo taundi Saarbruecken. Walter aiva mwana rechinomwe mumhuri. baba Schellenberg aiva mutungamiriri piyano fekitari. Muna 1923 mhuri aifanira kuenda Luxembourg. Chikonzero Kutama waiva kuparara kwoupfumi mamiriro hondo. In Luxembourg, baba waiva bazi fekitari, apo akaramba kushanda.

Kusvikira 1929, Schellenberg, Walter akadzidza pachikoro chaiye, apo iye aifarira munhau, kunyanya panguva Renaissance. Kwemakore makumi matatu akapiwa tsvimborume kuti dhigirii uri kare. Izvi, sezvo akataura Semenov. Yu, akabatsira zvikuru kwaari panguva Second World War, kana iye kubirwa rokuItari mamiziyamu.

University of Bonn uye kupinda NSDAP

Young Walter Schellenberg, ane Biography mupfumi chaizvo uye vanonakidza, akaramba zvidzidzo ake paYunivhesiti Bonn. First akaenda kuchikoro zvokurapa, asi akasarudza kudzidza mutemo, akanga asingafariri zvematongerwo enyika. On jaya rakanaka akadaro vanotungamirirwa kuraira kwababa vake, yaiva nacho sayenzi ruyamuro uye zvoupfumi. Akunde bvunzo kuva gweta mudzidzi akakwanisa muna March 1933.

Panguva iyoyowo, mumwe wevadzidzisi vakanyengetedza Walter vanobatana NSDAP. Ita izvozvo Shellenberg Valter akafunga chete nebasa zvikonzero uye nokuda vatema SS yunifomu, chaakanga achifarira. Uyezve, akanzwira tsitsi Hitler, akaedza kudzorera ukuru Germany. Zvadaro akatanga kushanda mumatare siyana.

Walter akanyora siyana mabasa pamusoro nhoroondo vadzidzi vakanga vari SS. Mishumo mumutemo German vanofarira Heydrich, uye akakumbira basa Schellenberg ari dhipatimendi yake. Pasina munhu akauya awane chivimbo Himmler, uyo akashanda se musoro iri RSHA. Kamwe Shellenberg Valter akanga aponesa upenyu hwake, otdernuv kubva ajar pamukova ndege.

Career kukura

Muna 1935 Schellenberg (mapikicha dzinoturwa munyaya) akatanga kuita mabasa refendariya Gestapo, kureva hofisi yake muBerlin. Mumatsutso chete gore akaenda kunoshanda nechepakati kuhofisi SD. Pane akatanga kushanda nechepakati kadhi indekisi, vainyora mishumo siyana nyaya dzimwe negwaro. Muna 1937 akava hurumende chipangamazano Muushumiri pamusoro Affairs Internal.

Muna 1938 akasika chirongwa zvainanga nekushandura mapurisa zvivako zviri Reich. Basa racho yakataurwa zvarayirwa Heydrich, asi haana chakagamuchirwa Himmler, uyo aitya nokusawirirana pamwe Hess.

Muna 1937, nhengo yebato reNazi vakasarudza kusiya kutenda Catholic. Mugore iroro akaronga kuti "Salon Kitty", iro rakabatsira basa paruzhinji dzimba vamiriri. Zvisinei, kusiyana pakati nzvimbo ino vaya ainzwa kuti akanga vakapakata achiteerera namano.

A kudzidza Schellenberg

Vakawanda vanoziva Hollywood firimu, zvikurukuru, pamwe thrillers. Ndicho girl ane anoonekwa Genre ichi chakanga chakafanana muhofisi, kwaaishanda Walter Schellenberg. Netsamba zvakakwana akarondedzera ake ezvinhu. Muhofisi maiva tafura guru, iro rine kuwanda dzeserura. Kwose kwose vakanga yakavanzwa diki yokuteerera namano kuti aishanda kuchangotanga inzwi kana rustle. Cherechedza navo aitenge. The kamuri yaiva yakafara pakushandisa elektrosignalizatsii pakudzivirira safes, mahwindo uye mumwe chiyamuro. Aishanda usiku, kureva, apo Schellenberg siya kubasa. Kana isu kusvika mukamuri zviri Reset, uye aramu varwi vasvika.

Tafura, zvinogona kunzi paiva nhare diki. nepurani yake yaiva michina vaigona kunotutirwa rose cabinet. In Wakavhura musuo hunde dzacho pakarepo vakanga zvainanga kwaari. Nokuti bara zvakanga zvakakwana kuti tinya. Uyezve, paiva nomumwe bhatani unobvumira zvinonyevera nezvengozi nevarindi, uye ivo, akavapindurawo, chakavhara suo ose.

Kutanga Second World War

Muna 1938, Walter Schellenberg akatora Zvinoshingaira ari annexation kuAustria kuna Germany, nokusika utariri mishumo German utikitivha noruremekedzo kuti chinzvimbo munyaya iyi kuItaly. Muna March, akatumirwa Vienna kuwana mashoko uye zvinhu counterintelligence Austria, uyewo kushanda kuitira kudzivirira Adolf Hitler. Mumatsutso akaenda Dakar kuti vawane ruzivo pamusoro French Navy.

Schellenberg, ane pikicha panguva haina kudhindwa mumapepanhau, akanga asiri mutungamiriri zvikuru hweNazi. Uyezve, kunyange zita rake harina kuzivikanwa. Zvisinei, nzvimbo akanga zvakakwana kumusoro kuitira kuti varambe sezvaaienderana enyika zviitiko, uye aiva mashoko pamusoro zvaiitwa Hitler uye vakuru vakatora nyika.

Kuwedzera mukuru utariri nokuongorora, rakanga muGermany vaNazi, Walter muchirongwa avepo pakuvhiya. Vakapinda nhoroondo Second World War, saka zvinokosha kupfuura pfupi vanorega vatowanda vakakurumbira.

Operation "Venlo"

Mumatsutso 1939 pakutanga German njere "mutambo" ne "SIS". Tichibatsirwa iri Dutch musori vokuGermany akakwanisa atume disinformation Chirungu kuti vakwanise kunzwisisa kuti vari panhengo Wehrmacht ane nhamba yokushorwa nemifananidzo, izvo chokuita West. Izvi zvakaitwa kuitira kuti ngaaverenge nhamba vasori uchishanda muGermany.

Akanga zvaisanganisira uye Schellenberg. The dambudziko akakanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana naye; nguva ino akaenda kuNetherlands pasi achinyepera nokushorwa nhengo.

Mumakore ake muduku, Walter aiva mukuru wacho anotaurisa runako, saka basa iri iye akakwezva vanachiremba Crinis, vakauya zvakakwana nokuda oparesheni. Ubanguranyika kwakaitika zvakakwana. Shellenberg Valter uye Crinis misangano vanobudirira wandei nenhengo British njere - Captain Best uye Major Stevenson. Uye pakarepo zvikazikamwa pamusoro chigaro kuedza musi Hitler. Führer akataura kuti British vakaedza kumuuraya, uye akarayira kuti andobata Best uye Stevenson. Walter pachake haana anobvumirana murayiro uyu, asi aifanira kuteerera. The kubatwa kuBritain pamhemberero musangano iri chiDutch taundi Venlo. Pamusangano, akasvika masoja SS uye yakadzikiswa kuti Chirungu pamusoro munharaunda German.

Nemhosva haana akaratidza Best uye Stevenson, asi akapinda Gestapo, Britain vakapiwa nemijenya anobatsira mashoko.

Izvi oparesheni muHondo Yenyika II akanzi "Venlo". Germany mhosva Netherlands atyora mutemo zvematongerwo enyika uye nechisimba munyika yake May 10, 1941. Papera mazuva mana, Netherlands mapfumo.

Best nzvimbo yevasungwa uye Stevenson akava musasa wevasungwa, apo vakanga pamberi hondo.

Pausiku kurwisa pazuva USSR

mishomanana pamberi kutanga hondo pamwe Soviet Union kuruboshwe, uye Schellenberg akakanda zvose zvavo nesimba nokuumbwa ndichivatuma vasori kupinda USSR. Pamwe izvi ine basa Russian counterintelligence pamusoro. Kuwedzera vamiriri, vainyatsotarisirwa kwave inobhadharwa vatama. Mumwe vatatu aiva mumiririri Walter. Chinangwa chikuru vasori ava basa iri yaigarwa ndima USSR. On basa rinoitwa Schellenberg akanyora netsamba dzake, parakatonga kuti German pakaunda-njere aigona kuzarura zhinji migwagwa dzaitakura uye nzvimbo zvinotakura. Also akataura pamusoro chii aizivikanwa pamusoro nokushanda nzira nevamiririri. Zvisinei, izvozvo kungangoratidza Walter prihvastnul kubva pamberi hondo nevasori Russian aisazobvumira guru nezvinhu muGermany.

The nechisimba USSR

June 22, 1941 Schellenberg yakagamuchira kugadzwa nzvimbo mukuru njere kwose. In Walter Pasina kuvazivi kuti uchenjeri hwake haana kupa mashoko akarurama pamusoro mamiriro ezvinhu muSoviet Union. Ndakashamiswa Complete aiva kurwisa uye zviito mapoka emagandanga.

Nokukurumidza Walter akatora pamusoro sangano rakabudirira njere basa. Akaunganidza uye ugokandwa rwemberi vamapoka vasungwa vehondo Russian. Vakanga vakagadzirira zvakanaka uye ikadzivisa, asi gare gare akaziva Schellenberg, vakawanda vavo vakanga akatapwa NKVD.

Walter tunokwezvwawo pakurwisana Soviet mauto varanda asiya kune vokuGermany, kunyanya, Vlasov. Netsamba Shelenberga akazoudza sei vokuGermany vakanga akasika zvimwe vasungwa vehondo ( "bhurigedhi"), izvo zvinogona kuparadza SS yokuzviparadzanisa anorinda vasungwa, uye akabatana partisans. Kazhinji, ivo guerrillas vakauya yose mauto eGermany yakawanda nematambudziko.

Adolf Hitler akabvunza kubva Schellenberg date partisans, kugadzwa kwavo uye zvichingodaro. Akashamiswa kuti Soviet Union yakanga akasangana kurwisa kukuru uye hombe-pamwero remagandanga hondo. Kwomushumo wake Walter utsinye mauto akatumidza chikuru chinokonzera kurwisa. Zvisinei, mushumo akarambwa Hitler.

Uyezve, chakarambwa uye ripoti, iro raireva kuti amboshandurirwa muhondo kuvhiyiwa pamusoro munharaunda Soviet Union, sezvo yave kurerutswa zvinogona muvengi. Uyezve, nyanzvi, vakanga munyaya vaigadzirira mushumo uyu vakasungwa. Gare gare Schellenberg akakwanisa kudzivirira vashandi, asi kuti agutsikane kuti akanga zvakarurama, zvaaigona kana Führer kana Himmler.

"The Red Chapel"

Muna 1942, kuti counterintelligence German vakawana uye akaparadza hombe-pamwero Russian musori mhete, wakapiwa zita "The Red Chapel". Kutaura zvazviri, network izvi zvave zviviri: mumwe - muBerlin, wechipiri - muna kweBrussels. A yakawanda nesimba akaisa kufumura uye Schellenberg. It kwakatangwa "mitambo redhiyo" pamwe akabatwa zvinotakura. Kunyange zvazvo Walter akabvuma kuti kuti vafarirwe pachake, akanga mwedzi mishoma kutumira mashoko akarurama. Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi Russian vakaona kuti chaiitirwa navo "kutamba", uye akatanga kuita maererano ezvinhu. Zvakaratidza kuti kuparadzwa nemambure aingova rombo, asi munguva yemberi kuedza zvose zvakanga kubudirira uye havana zvikomborero.

Okupedzisira nzendo hondo

Achisvika pakuguma hondo. Kurohwa anokonzerwa mauto German, Schellenberg akasimbisa chokwadi pamusoro Zvaizobuda Second World War. Walter yakagadzirira kutaurirana kunyange Soviet Union. Zvisinei, kutanga, paiva musangano pamwe American Wenyika. Gare gare Himmler kwazvo ndisingambofariri vokukurukura izvi nemuvengi.

Panzvimbo kunyengetedzana SS Reichsfuhrer aida kuuraya Stalin. Nokuti ichi vakanga basa masoja akawanda vakatumwa necheshure, asi basa raiva akundikana, sezvo mapurisa akabata iwoyo. The umhondi aifanira kuitika tichibatsirwa mumigodhi redhiyo-kudzorwa. Zvadaro, pachinzvimbo chavo kuitwa redhiyo kukurukurirana pamwe German basa ungwaru.

Panguva ino, Walter vave vachiona vamwe Mitsara Adolf Hitler, chokuita zvokusarudza hondo. Akati kuti kana kukundwa reGermany vanhu kusimbisa abnormality kwavakabva, uye hazviiti kuti akaramba aripo.

Zvisinei, Shellenberg Valter haana kusiya uchiedza norugare Nhaurirano. Saka, pakupera 1944 izvozvo musangano Himmler uye vaimbova mutungamiri wenyika Switzerland muchivande. Zvakaguma Kusunungurwa kwevaJudha 200 kubva yevasungwa mukutsinhana nematarakita anofamba uye mishonga, umo Germany ari kunyanya kudiwa.

Schellenberg achishandisa Red Cross wakagona mvumo kuti aina French vasungwa vaiva mumusasa Ravensbrueck.

May 5, 1945 Admiral Doenitz, akatsiva yaHitler sezvo wehurumende, akatuma Schellenberg mu Stockholm. Saka kupera basa rake.

Mushure yokuGermany kusarenda utiziro Walter aigona kuwana Count Bernadotte. Zvadaro akatanga kuunganidza mishumo zvose pamusoro Nhaurirano kwakaitika ichangopfuura mwedzi.

muNuremberg Trials

matsotsi Nazi (kunyange zvose) munjodzi. The International Military Tribunal aiziva utsinye yeNazi Germany ari gravest dzakawanda mhosva nounhu uye aiva chinokosha kwakabatsira yokupedzisira kukundwa Nazism. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Nokukurumidza dzairwisa akaisa mberi kwokudiwa nokuda extradition pamusoro Schellenberg, uyo aifanira kuzviratidza pamberi pedare. Kwapera nguva akasvika muNuremberg Trials. matsotsi yeNazi vaiva nebasa vakadaro sezvo Goering, Ribbentrop, Keitel, Rosenberg, Frank, Frick, uyewo nevamwe vazhinji (Himmler panguva iyoyo zvaigona muchetura). Schellenberg pachake ari chapupu kumira panguva. Zvakatora nzvimbo muna 1947 pamusoro pake nedare. With mhosva yake zhinji dzave kwakadonha. Walter aiva nhengo SS uye SD, izvo zvaizivikanwa sezvo masangano wemhosva. Aivawo kubhadhara kuti kupfura vasungwa vehondo Russian.

Zvigadziriswe mutongo pave kuitwa kubatsira vasungwa okupedzisira nzendo hondo. Court mutongo: makore matanhatu mujeri, asi musungwa yakabudiswa muna 1951 nemhaka kuvhiyiwa. Akabva vakagara muSwitzerland akatanga kunyora netsamba. Walter Schellenberg, "Labyrinth" chose aizivikanwa, akakwanisa kusika munhu asi dzinonakidza netsamba. Zvisinei, akanga nokukurumidza amanikidzwa kusiya hurumende kuti mapurisa. Pashure paizvozvo, akatamira Italy, uye zviri muguta duku Verbania.

Schellenberg akafa March 31, 1952 imwe kiriniki Turin raMwari, uko iye aigadzirira kuvhiyiwa pamusoro chiropa. Panguva rufu Walter aiva makore makumi mana namaviri.