The State Russian Museum: chigadzirwa "Black Square", "The Ninth Wave", "Mazuva Okupedzisira rePompeii" (mufananidzo)

The State Russian Museum muSt Petersburg - chikuru kuunganidzwa emifananidzo kubudikidza vemifananidzo Russian, ane vanopfuura zviuru 400 zvidimbu. muunganidzwa kwakadaro wokuRussia uri munyika waguma.

Creation yeRussian Museum

Chirevo pamusoro pokugadzwa miziyamu yakabudiswa muna 1895. Kuti izvi zviitike, Mikhailovsky Castle uye mubindu chakatengwa kumativi, uye basa, uye mapapiro. By chirevo ose mabasa, nechekare vawana nokuda miziyamu, haugoni kutengesa kana kuchinjirwa kune munhu. Vanofanira kugara vari kuunganidza. Muna 1898, State Russian Museum akazarurirwa vaenzi. St. Petersburg makore matatu kutarisira chiitiko ichi. It akagamuchira mabasa kubva Academy of Arts Akanaka, asi Hermitage, ivo Winter Palace, uye oga kuunganidza. Initial vachiona haana yakakura.

mushure chimurenga

The muunganidzwa kunoramba zvabatsira uye akawedzera miziyamu nzvimbo nokuda kuwedzera zvivako zvitsva. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II zvose zvinokosha mabasa akabviswa uye haana kutendera. Avo vakanga vasara muguta rakakombwa, vave nokungwarira mumapepa uye zvakachengetwa mudzimba. Ivowo vakaramba zvakazara node. The State Russian Museum zvizere kurarama yakadaro nyore - kuponesa pashoo yose, iyo akatogadzwa vanopfuura zviuru zvinomwe Exhibits.

miziyamu Height

Vatsva vari kushingaira akawedzera kune 50-ies. Ini akaisa State Russian Museum, uye anoshanda ari Mikhailovsky Palace uye kuti Engineers 'Castle, muna Benois Wing, uyewo nezvimwe zvivako. Vane chikamu ounyanzvi yekare pamwe inokosha mabasa Rublev, Dhionisio nedzimwe Painters inoverengeka yokutanga uye mushakabvu Middle Ages. Stores State Russian Museum, anoshanda 18-mid-rechi19 emakore. Mufananidzo rinoratidza basa Dmitry Levitsky "Portrait E.I.Nelidovoy". Zvakakodzera kudada Museum kupedza mufananidzo chinoitirwa vaenzi. Vanonyorwa mazita uye surnames dzedu kunoshamisa uye penya Artists kutora yakawanda nzvimbo. Broadly mumiririri State Russian Museum mabasa pezana uye zana remakore rechi19, uye basa vemifananidzo "World of Art" uye Futurist vemifananidzo, vari zvakare kuzvikudza miziyamu. A kamuri yose rakazvipira mabasa A. Benoît, yokudhirowa, uri wenhoroondo, Decorator. Muna photo, AN Benoît "Parade paushe Paul I». The miziyamu rine mifananidzo nenyanzvi Soviet ose nguva Soviet Union. Pari kuti anounganidza uye rinoratidza mabasa matsva State Russian Museum, unconventional. Dhipatimendi iri zvakatsaurirwa ichangobva nemiitiro, akasikwa anenge makumi matatu apfuura.

yakakurumbira kupenda

Zviri "Black Square" iri kwamagwaro. The State Russian Museum akaritenga kare chete notoriety uye akaisa muna Benois Wing. Gadzira nezvechimwe chinyadzo raiva basa raJehovha Futurist vemifananidzo, uye ipapo supermatistov kuti ndirumbidzwe. mugadzi wavo aiva Herostrat kuti kugara namafungiro, akapisa temberi. The chikuru chido Malevich uye vateveri vake - kuparadza zvose kuti isu kubvisa zvose zvataurwa, uye zvino kuzoita muri yakachena, flat yakatsva nzvimbo. Pakutanga, Malevich akaita dema mativi akaita nhindi girl nokuda dhanzi. Makore maviri gare gare, iye akasika dzidziso, achiratidza kuti zviri pamusoro zvose (supermatizm), uye anoramba zvose: chimiro uye zvisikwa. Just pane unyanzvi kubva chinhu.

Anoyevedza kwemasimba 1915

Mu "0,10" kuratidza vaiva mifananidzo, iine dzinoungana, michinjikwa, madenderedzwa, uye mukamuri zvakarurama pakona kumusoro, uko akusungirire kuvake, Malevich akaturika sikweya. Chii chakakosha? A sikweya kana nzvimbo akanga akasungirirwa? Chokwadi, nzvimbo yakanga kupfuura chii wavhomorwa, kunyanya kana ukafunga kuti zvakanyorwa "hapana". Fungidzira "hapana" panzvimbo Mwari. Izvi kwaiva chiitiko zvinokosha chaizvo. Raiva phenomenally unyanzvi PR kutama, akafunga pakuguma, nekuti hazvina kuti kune kuratidzwa. Mashoko akanga - hapana, nokusviba, isina, rima panzvimbo Mwari. "Panzvimbo kwemifananidzo, iyo inotungamira kuchiedza - gwara murima, ari tsotsonya, muimba yepasi, mugomba" (Tatyana Tolstaya). Art wafa, pano chimedu maturo pachinzvimbo. Muchida kubhadhara mari nokuti. "Black Square" by Malevich - haisi unyanzvi, uye kupenya chiito unyanzvi chaizvo Mutengesi. Zvimwe, ari "bhokisi dema" - mambo kupfeka, uye ichi zvinokosha kutaura, uye kwete pamusoro kudzika kunzwisisa nyika. "Black Square" - kwete unyanzvi, nekuti:

Apo pane pfungwa tarenda?

Where unyanzvi pane? Munhu anogona kuwana sikweya.

Pane runako? The Fafitera anofanira refu kufunga zvazvinoreva, uye havana kunzwisisa.

Apo pane kutyora tsika? Hakuna tsika.

Saka, kana tikatarisa kubva pamaonero ichi, tinogona kuona chii chakaitika uye zviri kuitika pamwe unyanzvi kuti kwatanga pamwe wose kuti anotanga kufadza pfungwa, ndiko kuti, "Handina refu vakafunga kuti kuita kudaro kwakanga chinyadzo, uye ndakaona" . A zvinoitika munhu anomubvunza pachake: "Nei kuzviita? Ndaida mari, kana uchida kutaura vamwe manzwiro ake? ". The mubvunzo chakatendeka akasimuka nekuti the artist anofunga, sei kutengesa pachako. The nokutsvaka utsva unyanzvi kupedzisa irrelevance, uye kuzvipira uzivi rinobva musoro pane mwoyo. Malevich wake ilk vaitsvaka nzira zvinonyadzisa uye Sales, ikozvino vanomutsirwa kureba nyanzvi. Zvakakosha chaizvo kuti vauye pasi wayo zvisikwa dzidziso uye wedzera zita akangwara mamwe refu kuti chinonyanya kukosha kupfuura mufananidzo. Chipo munzanga yedu kuonekwa zvimwe chikonzero kuti munhu haasi pachena. Kusavapo kunamata mu "bhokisi dema" vakawanda mubvunzo. Sign nguva uye ane unyanzvi hwebasa ari "bhokisi dema." The State Russian Museum vaisagona kutadza "kutaura" basa rakadaro.

Drama pagungwa

Muna 1850, Aivazovsky akasika hombe-pamwero kupenda "The Ninth Wave". zvino The State Russian Museum iri rinokusha basa iri. Simba chinozunguzirwa kuenda apa pamusoro ngwanda. Humanity chinopiwa mumufananidzo uyu sechinhu yezvinongoerekana vafambisi vezvikepe pakuenzanisa rechikepe, pane zvakakodzera zvishoma nokuda nokushambira, nepaaigona vakabatirira kwaari, apo chinozunguzirwa utsinye anoda kupinza. pfungwa dzedu bifurcated. Ivo wefodya kuwedzera ichi chinozunguzirwa huru. Tinopinda wayo kumusoro inofamba uye bvunzo voltage pakati muzinga uye simba regiravhiti, kunyanya nguva apo muromo raputsika uye chinozunguzirwa ari kutendeuka kuva furo. Nomubato nechinangwa vaya vakapinda ichi chinhu mvura pasina kukumbira. Vezvikepe ndiwo simba rinoita, izvo chinopinda kuburikidza remafungu. Unogona kuedza kufunga Mukaseti ino sezvo mufananidzo mukuwirirana zvakasikwa, sezvo mufananidzo mubatanidzwa rinopindirana remvura uye nyika, zvisina kuonekwa, asi aripo mupfungwa dzedu. Water - the chinhu fluid unochinja, kuvimbika, uye nyika huru chinhu tariro kunyange kutaurwa. In ichi worudzii chinokurudzira kuti basa rinoitwa vateereri. Uyu mufananidzo wezvinhu zvose, izvo avigire kwenzvimbo. Mafungu pedyo somunhu makomo akafukidzwa mhute, uye ivo vava vanyoro, akadzokorora pedyo Fafitera. Izvi zvinotungamirira achirayira mutinhimira sezvamunoita. Achirova ruvara, akapfuma noruvara Pink mushava mudenga, uye mutema, nezvakarukwa zvitema, nezvishava mugungwa, yakabaiwa mwaranzi Mare zuva, vakatakura mufaro netariro. Mumwe zvishongo pachikamu ari kudanana basa, "The Ninth Wave". The State Russian Museum ane Nyanzvi rakanyorwa wechiduku Aivazovsky.

Dambudziko pasi

Kana yapfuura mufananidzo zvinhu zviviri dzaibatanidzwa, mvura uye mhepo, chinotevera kanivhasi chiito menacingly pasi uye moto - ndiye "Mazuva Okupedzisira rePompeii." The State Russian Museum kurigamuchira kubva musangano Academy of Arts. Zvakanyorwa 1834 uye hwakaratidza muRoma, pamufananidzo wakaitwa pakati vokuItaly, gare gare pakati Russian vateereri manyawi. Pushkin, Gogol, Baratynsky chose mitsetse yake pamwoyo. Nei basa iri rinokosha muzuva redu? Plastic kufamba, inodzora misoro uye miviri, simba rinomutsa ane mavara palette womufananidzo chakamuka zviitiko zvekare zvemakore. Tiri munyaya chinonyangadza zvakasangana vanhu vari kuda kufa ari dhaka yomoto anokonzerwa kuputika kuputika, uye kudengenyeka kwenyika simba. Ko nhasi hapana njodzi yakadaro? Perfect dzenhoroondo chimiro chigadzirwa, umhizha guru, anotifungisa mazita High Renaissance vemifananidzo. Nounyanzvi Karl Briullov rinoburitsa runako rwayo, pasinei nokuti pane vanoratidzwa rufu yekare budiriro.

Museum munguva dzazvino

Pakutanga miziyamu kwaisanganisira of Imperial Palace, ipapo zvino Ensemble yose, yakanaka zvikuru, ari zvetsika pakati, sezvo anogadziriswa kwesayenzi uye dzidzo mabasa. Kubva pakadzika emakore vakauya kwatiri zvinokonzerwa guru Painters. Classic, kudanana, zvipfuwo, Genre unochengeta State Russian Museum anoshanda. Photo anotiratidza huru pakuvaka - the Mikhailovsky Palace. Ugaro Izvi rakavakwazve kubata bhurasho basa vanatenzi.

Ensemble, yakabatana kumuzinda

The State Russian Museum iri muNzvimbo nhanhatu mapurani Monuments of 18-19 emakore, izvo mukwanisi kuti Zhizha Mikhailovsky nemapindu, apo vaenzi kuyemura kwete chete zvachose dzose chakasimwa nemiti yakabva kune dzimwe, asi zvivezwa yakaisvonaka. The miziyamu zvivako runotungamirirwa Tours, uyewo zvinopa mimwe mabasa zvebudiriro, mabhaisikopo, online kirasi, kuti zvokudya, akashongedzerwa kuti igarwe vakaremara.