Vashandi pamutemo - ndiani ichi? muenzi How vashandi vakawanda muRussia?

Vashandi pamutemo - vari vatorwa kushanda kwenguva pfupi basa. Shoko rakabva German uye chaizvoizvo anoshandura se "muenzi-mushandi". MuRussia, zviri jargon uye kazhinji panoonekwa vanhu sezvo ane nezvacho. In nyika yedu pfungwa "vashandi muenzi" kwazopararira kubva mukupera kuma1990, kutanga nhau, uye ipapo vari kukurukurirana.

History rokuti

In German, shoko rakatangwa yokutsiva "fremdarbaytery" pfungwa, izvo yeNazi nguva yainzi vanhu vakauya kuna Germany basa rokumanikidzirwa. The idzva rokuti yakanga isina kunaka nezvacho kuri muna yekare, uye aiva siyanei zvaanoreva. In kunzwisisa vashandi muenzi German - ndivo vashandi dzakazvipira ari kukoka nehurumende yeGermany kushanyira nyika kuti kushanda.

In Russian, shoko rokutanga raishandiswa, pamwe madudziro emazwi pamusoro mabhii wechipiri (German werudzii), asi gare gare zvava kusimbiswa imwe mabhii pedyo kuguma. Ari Kishi haisi chekubuda vanotama, sezvo muGermany, yainzi hurumende mapepa, saka izwi kunonzwisiswa Zvinoshamisa. Kazhinji, mune zvemagetsi anogona kuonekwa vachiseka kushanyira vashandi mavhidhiyo uye mifananidzo. Vashandi pamutemo muna Kishi anonzi zvisina kushanda kwavari pfungwa iyi.

Rinobatsirwa evashandi pamutemo

Kazhinji mashoko, vashandi pamutemo - kunyika kuti vari varombo nenzira yemari. Vane chisingakoshi, asi panguva imwe chete vakawanda nyanzvi basa. Pakuvamba muna Europe, bhizimisi vashandi vokune dzimwe nyika vakanga Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Russia, Italy, Poland, yaimbova Yugoslavia (kunze Slovenia), Spain, Portugal, Ireland.

Iye zvino, kupfuura mugove uwandu vanotama ari Kishi munyika ndiro Tajik, Ukrainian, Chinese, Uzbek vashandi pamutemo, uyewo vatama vachibva kuAlbania, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, Moldova, India. MuEurope, nyika Kishi mutungamiri yakakwana nhamba vevanhu, uye munyika iri chinoratidza ichi anopa chete kuUnited States, uko vashandi pamutemo vari kunyanya vokuMexico uye dzimwe vamiririri Latin America. Nzvimbo wechitatu nhamba yevashandi wokumwe Germany, umo vokuTurkey kuenda chirwirangwe, kunyange munguva yemberi iri pedyo kubva chinzvimbo ichi zvingatora musi Spain, apo vakawanda vashandi pamutemo vari maArab Latin America.

Pamutemo vashandi Russia

Kare muna 1970-1980-ies muna USSR akava massively zvaisanganisira vagari Vietnamese kushanda muna Moscow fekitari žil uye AZLK. Navo zvina uye shestigodichnye zvibvumirano kuti hazvigoni wakagumiswa mushandi. The Vietnamese aishanda nokutenda rakanaka, paive akanwa doro uye aishingaira vakatenga Soviet nevatengi nhumbi, asina kudiwa kubva vomunzvimbo. Apo Soviet Union yakaparara uye mafekitari vakaenda kusauka, vashandi vakawanda vakasiya kuti Kishi uye vakatanga kushanda zvisiri pamutemo. Asi zvino, hapana munhu akavati vashandi pamutemo. Izwi akauya zvikuru gare gare, apo, mushure 2003-2004. Russia rava chaichoicho iri Chiitiko webasa vaitamira runoyerera kubva Central Asia.

Russian Vashandi muenzi kunzwa kunyanya vakasununguka maererano kuitwa mitemo mutsva muna 2007, kurerutsa zvikuru nzira kwenguva pfupi kunyoresa munyika navatorwa vaiuya kuti chinangwa basa. zvakagadzirwa izvi ainyanya nedambudziko vanotama kubva munyika iyo Russian Federation ane vhiza-isina hwechiKomonisiti. Somugumisiro zviitiko izvi nhamba navatorwa zviri pamutemo basa Russia, FMS yakawedzera maviri katatu.

Vangani muenzi vashandi Russia

Muna December 2014 pamusoro nharaunda nyika yedu, maererano ruzivo riwanikwe Federal Kutama Service, paiva vagari mamiriyoni 11.07 yokumwe. gore rose Russia anouya kumativi 1,3 miriyoni vashandi pamutemo kushanda zviri pamutemo, asi kumwe mamiriyoni 2,5 vanhu vari kushanda zvisiri pamutemo. A zvokugara mvumo kana kwekanguva dzokugara mvumo pagore kugamuchira vanenge 450 zviuru. Vatorwa. Zvino unogona kufungidzira vashandi vangani mueni Russia! The chikuru bhizimisi pamusoro basa munyika yedu - ndiye Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, Tajikistan, Moldova.

Primary ounyanzvi hwokugadzira

Vashandi pamutemo muRussia vakaumba kuti vanhu vakaderera rudzi achishandisa mhando basa rinoitwa. Saka, panguva yakaderera padanho vari vanotama vaiita nyanzvi rinorema remaoko: kuchera pemigero, kuchera makomba, zvinhu kukurukurwa. Navavaki, Painters, plasterers, tilers vanoonekwa vashandi vane unyanzvi. A zvakanakisisa-anobhadharwa pamutemo vashandi - welders uye Electricians nayo.

Kazhinji, basa vashandi pamutemo havaratidzi abhadhara, tsvina uye zvakaoma. Kazhinji vatorwa vaiuya kushanda dzavo ndivo chete vanoriritira mhuri, uye mari yavo pamba kakawanda kuvatumwa muRussia. Jobs kuti tora vashandi pamutemo, vagari vemo regai kukonzera mubereko nekuda mari shoma uye rinorema basa ezvinhu. MuMoscow moga, maererano Federal Kutama Service muna 2013, pane 800 zviuru. Vashandi AKAMBOTAMA, kunyange akazvimiririra nyanzvi dzinoti nhamba iri kurerutswa kwazvo, uye vashandi pamutemo muguta guru, vanenge mamiriyoni 2 vanhu.

Mafungire vanhu

On vashandi vokune dzimwe nyika vari Russia rinoparadzirwa inoverengeka nemaonero akasiyana. Yemamiriro maonero kuti vashandi pamutemo - vanhu wavakakamurwa uye anotambudzika, kuti upenyu ezvinhu zvakamanikidza mari tsvina, rinorema, non-nomukurumbira basa. Vanorarama kufanana Vagabonds, mune utsinye ezvinhu, nechirwere haana kugamuchira kwavo noutsinye evanhu kwezvakatipoteredza, kutambudzika vanyadziswe uye hasha mafungiro. VokuRussia vanodavira kuti vashandi pamutemo vari vanhu vakaderera zvedzidzo uye netsika sandara, uye saka unogona kutsungirira utsinye ezvinhu oupenyu uye basa. Vagari Russian achisunda ruzivo murombo vashandi Russian wokumwe, izvo zvinoomesa muitiro kukurukurirana, wokunze slovenliness uye rakavhurika kuratidza kusava tsika. Zvisinei, vamwe vokuRussia vanopemberera akanaka hwokukurukura vashandi pamutemo. Panyaya pakuwana Russian chizvarwa kubudikidza vanotama, pane pfungwa yakasiyana chaizvo.

In mhedziso

Guest vashandi Russia inonzi "Dzhamshuta", "chocks", "Tajik". Vari Vakaronda ne misoro, vavanoshandira kubiridzira, havadyi uye hope zvishoma, asi panguva imwe chete yokuti nekobiri kuita dirtiest uye rakaoma basa. Mumisha iri huru Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan uye Tajikistan kure, havana mukana mari, uye zvokudya zvekupa mhuri dzavo, vopinda redu "achigamuchira" Russia uye basa redu zvakanaka. VokuRussia Vakawanda vanoomerwa kupindura mubvunzo chii kune vashandi pamutemo kubva chikuru: vabatsirwe kana kukuvadza. Izvi zvinonyanya mubvunzo debatable, asi chero zvakadaro hatifaniri kubvumira xenophobia uye vanotaura pamusoro vashandi pamutemo kunyomba uye kutuka.