Venus pamusoro: nharaunda, tembiricha, nyika tsananguro

The pedyo redu ndiro zita rakanaka kwazvo, asi pose Venus rinojekesa kuti chaizvoizvo, kwake zvisikwa hapana zvaizoita kufanana mwarikadzi rudo. Dzimwe nguva ino inonzi mupatya Wepasi. Zvisinei, chinhu bedzi vane zvakafanana - yakafanana kukura.

History yakawanikwa

Kunyange teresikopu duku kunogona chamber kusuduruka Disc panyika. Galileo kutanga vawana nayo muna 1610. The kuitika nyika aona Lomonosov muna 1761, panguva wakapfuura zuva. Zvinoshamisa kuti sangano yakadaro yakanga nezvacho kukarukureta, saka vanodzidza nezvenyeredzi muchimirira chiitiko ichi chaiwo Kutarira. Zvisinei, chete Lomonosov mumwe akataura chokwadi chokuti "kubatana" dzandaienda magetsi uye mapuraneti kumativi pakupedzisira akaonekwa dzisinganyatsooneki Naiwo mufaro. Muoni rakagumisa kuti izvi ndiwo mugumisiro refraction zuva mwaranzi mumhepo. Aiona kuti pemvura Venus akazadza ezvinhu chaizvo dzakafanana Wepasi.

nyika

Kubva Sun, nyika ino iri nzvimbo yechipiri. Panguva iyoyowo, Venus ndiye pedyo nyika Panyika. Panyaya iyi, pamberi nzvimbo ndege chaichoicho, kudzidza pamusoro muviri ichi yokudenga iri zvinenge hapana yabudirira. Zvazikamwa zvishomanana:

• Zvinonzi kubva zuva nechokure mamiriyoni 108,2 makiromita.
• Day musi Venus rinovapo 117 Earth mazuva.
• A kwakakwana chimurenga kumativi nyeredzi yedu, iye anoita anenge 225 Earth mazuva.
• kurema kwayo ndiko 0,815% of vazhinji Pasi, izvo zvakaenzana 4.867 * 1024 makirogiramu.
• The kumhanyisa iri nyika - 8,87 m / s².
• Nzvimbo pemvura Venus -. 460 200 000 sq km,.

The dhayamita pamusoro Disc yepasi pasi kushoma ne 600? Km riri 12104? Km. Simba regiravhiti panguva iri rinenge kufanana zvedu - tichava kune kilogram kuyera magiramu 850 chete. Kubvira kukura, akafanana uye nerukudzo kubva nyika zvikuru akafanana pano parameters, inonzi "nekundengendeka".

Venus rakasiyana nemamwe pakuti rotates mugwara risiri, kuiita mamwe mapuraneti. Saizvozvowo, "kutungamirira" pacharwo asi kuna Uranus. Venus kunhivi akabatana kwayo, apo mhepo yakasiyana zvikuru kwedu, inodzora kwemazuva 243. The turnover of nyika kumativi zuva Vanotarisira kuti 224,7 pazuva, zvakaenzana needu. Izvi zvinoita kuti gore iri Venus rakapfupika kupfuura zuva. Mukuwedzera, masikati nousiku ino vari kuchinja, asi mwaka iri nguva dzose zvakafanana.

pamusoro

Pemvura Venus vanoumba vakawanda nemumakomo uye akapotsa sandara mapani yakavakirwa kuputika kwemakomo. The yasara 20% of nyika - hofori makomo zita Ishtar Terra, Aphrodite Terra, munda Arufa Beta. arrays izvi ine zvikurukuru basalt dhaka. Muzvinhu izvi, mumwe muzvizhinji kuti craters vakawana vane utsinye dhayamita kunopfuura 300 makiromita. Masayendisiti vakakurumidza akawana mhinduro yomubvunzo nei hazvibviri kuwana mwena musi Venus huduku. Chokwadi chokuti meteorites, izvo kuti kusiya duku chavangayeukwa ari pamusoro, chete haana kusvika kwaari, ichipfuta mumhepo.

Pemvura Venus akapfuma akasiyana-siyana anoputika, asi hazvisi pachena kuti nyika kwakaguma nezvirwere. mubvunzo uyu ndiye wandei kukosha mune nyaya shanduka panyika. Zvemaumbirwo "mapatya" achiri kwazvo havaratidzi kunzwisiswa, kureva, inopa nzwisiso inokosha marongerwo dzinotsanagura muviri ichi zvokudenga.

It achiri kuzivikanwa, ndiyo chinoumba yepasi kuti mvura fuma kana yakasimba. Asi masayendisiti akawana kuti haina magetsi conductivity, kana Venus vaizova remagineti, akafanana needu. Kushaya basa kwakadaro huchiri zvisinganzwisiswi vanoongorora nyeredzi. The rinofarirwa kupfuura pfungwa maonero, zvikuru kana zvishoma kutsanangura Fani iyi kuti pamwe chinoumba nokuomesa kwacho haina atanga asi, nokuti convective ndege generating remagineti, kuchiri hazvigoni kuberekwa.

The tembiricha iri Venus inosvika 475 inegumi. Kwenguva refu vaongorori venyeredzi havana kuwana kutsanangura. Zvisinei, nhasi, mushure vazhinji pakutsvakurudza zvinofungidzirwa kuti chikonzero girinihausi maturo. Maererano Masvomhu, kana nyika yedu akavingwa miriyoni chete 10. Makiromita pedyo echokuvhenekesa, mugumisiro angadai vabuda kudzora, saka kuti kwaizoitika kungoti kusingarapiki kwetembiricha Nyika uye kufa zvose zvipenyu zvose.

Masayendisiti simulated mamiriro ezvinhu apo Venus tembiricha haana kudaro yakakwirira, uye akawana kuti apo Zvaiva yakafanana nyanza hwepanyika.

On Venus ipapo lithospheric mahwendefa, izvo raizofanira yoku- mumakore ane mamiriyoni zana. Kubva pane iripo data, kuti goko yepasi ndiyo mira kweinenge mamiriyoni 500. Years. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti Venus akatsiga. Nokuda kwayo udzamu akamutsa zvinhu muchidziisa goko, kunyoroveswa nayo. Naizvozvo angangodaro kuti zororo kuti nyika yacho yose kuchinja vanotarisirwa.

chadenga

The kuitika nyika ndiwo simba chaizvo, kwangopera anosuwa zuva chiedza. Asi chiedza ichi zvakafanana uya kuti tinoona ose zuva - chiri simba akapararira nemwaranzi. 97% carbon dioxide, vanenge 3% kubva senitrogen, okisijeni, inert magasi uye chiutsi - ndivo "kufema" Venus. Zvomumhepo murombo chaizvo oxygen mapuraneti, asi siyana yeimwe yakakwana sulfuric asidhi nesarufa yakasviba akaumba gore.

Rezasi akaturikidzana zvomumhepo yakapoteredza nyika substantially mira, asi ari troposphere mhepo nokukurumidza kazhinji kupfuura 100 m / s. Madutu akadaro muchiungana, skirting yose yemapuraneti chete mana zuva redu.

tsvakurudzo

Mumazuva edu kusora nyika, kwete chete nokuda ndege asiwo tichibatsirwa redhiyo mafungu. Zvikuru vanoshorwa ezvinhu panyika kuti zvakaoma kuridzidza. Kunyange zvakadaro, 19 vanobudirira kuedza kutumira midziyo kusvikira pemvura zvomuchadenga muviri raitwa mumakore 47 apfuura. Uyezve, mashoko trajectory ari matanhatu nzvimbo yemapurisa achawana mashoko anokosha pamusoro yedu muvakidzani pedyo.

Kubvira 2005, ari muchadenga yepasi ndiyo ngarava, kudzidza nyika yayo mhepo. Masayendisiti tariro kurishandisa kuvhura kupfuura chimwe chakavanzika Venus. Pari mudziyo chakasvitswa Earth yakawanda mashoko zvichakubatsira masayendisiti kudzidza pamusoro nyika zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, kubva dzavo dzaro, yakasvika pakuzivikanwa kuti hydroxyl ions aripo zviri kuitika Venus. Masayendisiti havambozivi kuti izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa.

Mumwe mibvunzo kuti nyanzvi vangada kuwana mhinduro: worudzii fuma panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro 56-58 makiromita absorbs hafu UV nemwaranzi?

akataririra

Mambakwedza pamusoro Venus anogona kuonekwa kwazvo. Dzimwe nguva kuvaima zvakajeka zvokuti muri mimvuri zvinhu panyika (sezvo moonlight). In yakakodzera ezvinhu, unogona kuonekwa kunyange masikati.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

• Age of nyika kubudikidza muchadenga mitemo iri dikisa - makore anenge mamiriyoni 500 ..
• Venus idukusa nyika, giravhiti dererei, saka munhu achafunga pasi pano shoma pane kumba.
• Nyika haina satellites.
• Day panyika yakareba kupfuura gore.
• Pasinei huru kukura, hapana mwena musi Venus koda chisingaoneki, nokuti nyika zvakanaka yakavanzwa makore
• Chemical pezvakaitwa mumakore vanotsigira paumbwe acids.

Zvino kuti unoziva zvakawanda pamusoro Wepasi asinganzwisisiki 'kaviri'.