Maiziva here kuti mhepo - gasi masanganiswa? Air Gas sezvamunoita

Air - chakakosha mamiriro upenyu eumambo nhamba zvipenyu panyika.

Pasina zvokudya munhu anogona kurarama kwemwedzi. Pasina mvura - mazuva matatu. Pasina mhepo - maminitsi mashoma.

History kutsvakurudza

Havasi vose vanoziva kuti huru chezvinonhuwira upenyu hwedu - zvikuru inhomogeneous zvinhu. Air - musanganiswa magasi. Chii?

Kwenguva refu zvaifungwa kuti mhepo imwe fuma, asi asina musanganiswa magasi. Pfungwa pamusoro heterogeneity akazviratidza nemabasa zvesayenzi masayendisiti akawanda dzakasiyana. Asi zvimwe yokungotaura yokufungidzira hapana kuzununguswa. Chete regumi namasere remakore wokuScotland kemisiti Dzhozef Blek experimentally akaratidza kuti gasi Kuronga mhepo haisi yunifomu. The Kuwanika kwakaitwa mukufamba anotevera kuedza.

Masayendisiti Modern dzakaratidza kuti mhepo - gasi muvhenganiswa Kunoumbwa chikuru zvinhu gumi.

The sezvamunoita dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana pamusoro wevasungwa nzvimbo. Pakusarudza murwiyo dzedenga kunoitika nguva dzose. On ichi zvinoenderana hutano vanhu. Air - musanganiswa chero gasi?

Munzvimbo dzakakwirira (kunyanya mumakomo) yakaderera okisijeni kugutsikana. wevasungwa uyu anonzi "dilution mhepo". Mumasango, nekusiyana, yakachena zviri kunonyanyisa. In mumaguta kwakawedzera carbon dioxide inobvisa kugutsikana. Pakusarudza murwiyo dzedenga - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mitoro zvakatipoteredza mabasa.

Apo Ndinogona kushandisa mhepo

• Compressed mhepo gobvu rinoshandiswa kupomba zvaoma. Kusvikira gumi bhaa yakaiswa pamusoro chero vhiri chakakodzera yemapurisa. Air inflated matai.
• Vashandi vanoshandisa nenyundo, pneumatic pfuti kukurumidza kubviswa / vanomhanyisa nzungu uye kukurova. Nokuti midziyo kwakadaro kunoratidzwa pasi uremu uye yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda.
• Mumaindasitiri kushandisa varnishes, compressed mhepo rinoshandisirwa mhanyisa kuomesa rikurumidze.
• Car crow compressed mhepo gobvu inobatsira iri kukurumidza nokuomesa motokari;
• Mukugadzira miti vanoshandisa compressed mhepo kuti kuchenesa zvekushandisa kubva ose kusvibiswa. In iri kuveza indasitiri Saka zvinogona kucheneswa kubva sawdust uye Shavings yose hangars.
• Petrochemical indasitiri haachatyi sekuti hapana zvokushandisa Flushing pombi kutangira kutanga.
• In pagadzirwe oxides uye acids.
• Kuwedzera muitiro tembiricha;
• Ko zvikaramba kubva mumhepo , inert magasi ;

Sei ndichida mhepo kurarama zvisikwa

The chikuru basa dzedenga, kana kuti, kuti mumwe mukuru zvinoriumba - okisijeni - dawo mumakamuri, nokudaro kusimudzira oxidation rikurumidze. Kuburikidza muviri ichi anogamuchira simba upenyu.

Air anopinda muviri kuburikidza mumapapu, zvozopiwa kuburikidza nomuviri achishandisa kweropa hurongwa.

Air - chero gasi nezvakasanganiswa?. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

senitrogen

Air - gasi nezvakavhenganiswa, okutanga inova senitrogen. Wechinomwe Dmitry Mendeleev nguva nenguva maatomu akafanana hurongwa. Kukurukurwa piyona wokuScotland kemisiti Daniel Rutherford muna 1772

Zvinosanganisirwa mapuroteni uye nucleic acids dzemuviri. Kunyange zvazvo chikamu chacho ari mumasero riri vasingakoshi - hapana kupfuura matatu muzana, gasi zvinokosha dzose kushanda.

Sechikamu kwayo mhepo tigutsikane - anopfuura makumi manomwe masere muzana.

Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu zviri Hauoneki uye odorless. Hazvina kupinda yeimwe nevamwe zvine maatomu akafanana.

Mukuru kwazvo senitrogen rinoshandiswa makemikari maindasitiri, kunyanya zvaAtemisi fetiraiza.

Nitrogen rinoshandiswa zvokurapa indasitiri iri zvaAtemisi madhayi, zvinoputika.

In cosmetology kushandisa gasi kurapa mburwa, mavanga, warts, ari thermoregulatory ezvinhu muviri.

Nokushandiswa synthesized amoniya senitrogen, kubudisa nitric acid.

Apo gasi kugadzirwa uye mafuta kumanikidzwa senitrogen anodzokororwa pakati akaturikidzana. In drilling matsime matsva gasi achibvumira mvura mvura they gush.

In yemigodhi indasitiri, senitrogen rinoshandiswa nokudzima moto zvakaoma. In simbi uye chemubhotoro-kwemakemikari Mazinga - kusimbisa zvinhu uye kuvandudza tsementizatsii.

Munguva Electronics indasitiri - nokuti oxidation ose semiconductors nematunhu.

Rinoshandiswa Kuchenesa uye bvunzo mapaipi.

Liquid senitrogen rinoshandiswa senzira refrigerant. gasi Izvi pumped nendege kumhara giya uye mavhiri mota kwakajairika. The wegore senitrogen kugadzirwa kwazvo matani mamiriyoni makumi manomwe.

Gas zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa nokuda nemamwe zvivako zvavo uye hama cheapness.

Nitrogen Bhodhoro - rikasviba tsvuku nyora.

okisijeni

Air - gasi nezvakavhenganiswa, wechipiri iri chikamu okisijeni. Rorusere chaikosha periodic table. The gasi iri Hauoneki uye odorless. Opening kuchanzi musayendisiti British Joseph Priestley muna 1774.

Senzira zvinoda pazana dzedenga. Hazvina aripo mumasero Mhedziso yakanakisisa zvose zvipenyu, zvinomera uye tupukanana tusingaoneki.

Panobva akavamba muchadenga nyika yedu.

Metallurgical Company wakachena okisijeni rinoshandiswa kuti kubviswa noxious netsvina panguva vachikanda hwendarira, uye kuwedzera combustion tembiricha.

Gas inoshandiswa simbi nomoto uye gasi okurwadzisa. Okisijeni sepombi - mutema.

Muna avhiyesheni indasitiri - sezvo oxidizer nokuda propellant.

In mushonga - mu yokutindivadza, Anti asima uye hypoxia, kusagadzikana kufema, decompression kurwara.

In makemikari indasitiri, okisijeni iri rakashandiswa oxidation pamusoro Mahydrocarbon mu alcohols, acids, aldehydes, nitric asidhi kugadzirwa.

Fishery - oxygenation madziva.

Asi ukoshi mukurusa gasi anofanira zvipenyu. Kana okisijeni rinoyamura muviri zvinogona dzinongoda (oxidize) anodiwa mapuroteni, kwemafuta uye makabhohaidhiretsi, akatendeuka vave simba.

argon

The gasi, chikamu mhepo iri wechitatu kukosha - argon. Content hazvirevi pfuura rimwe muzana. It is inert gasi pasina ruvara, kuravidza uye kunhuwidza. Namasere chinhu periodic hurongwa.

Kutaurwa yokutanga zvakabatanidzwa Chirungu kemisiti Henry Cavendish muna 1785. Uye Ishe Lerey uye Uilyam Ramzay akagamuchira Nobel Prize pamusana umbowo kuvapo gasi uye zvakaitika navo.

Mafomu argon:

• incandescent rambi;
• achizadza nzvimbo pakati panes mumabhokisi mupurasitiki;
• unodzivirira ezvinhu panguva nomoto;
• ukabvisa muiti;
• nokuti mhepo yokuzvinatsa;
• makemikari kwetunhu.

Muviri womunhu haiunzi zvakanaka zvikuru. At yakakwirira gasi kuwanda kutungamirira kutadza kufema.

Sepombi vane argon grey kana dema.

The yasara zvinhu nomwe vanoumba 0,03% mudenga.

carbon dioxide inobvisa

Carbon dioxide mumhepo nziyo iri Hauoneki uye odorless.

Zvinonzi inoumbwa ne kuora kana uchipfuta Organic zvinhu yakabudiswa panguva afemeruke uye motokari uye dzimwe motokari.

Muviri achiumbwa munyika zvinyama nokuda pezvakaitwa zvinokosha uye hwakatamisirwa venous gadziriro mumapapu.

Ane yakanaka ukoshi, kubva panguva mitoro anowedzera capillaries unobvumira mukuru KUTAKURA zvinhu. A zvinobatsira myocardium. Kunowedzera kakawanda uye mutoro simba. Richishandiswa panguva hypoxia kururamiswa. It paChikoro mutemo afemeruke.

In indasitiri, carbon dioxide kuti yakabereka kubva combustion magasi ari pedyo gasi kana makemikari pezvakaitwa kuti mhepo kuparadzana.

Chikumbiro rakafara chaizvo:

• zvisaora yaigadzira zvokudya;
• chinwiwa carbonation;
• moto uye moto ukabvisa nehurongwa;
• pakusangana pamusoro hwemvura zvinomera;
• Svikiro iri unodzivirira nomoto;
• cartridges zvokushandisa gasi chombo;
• refrigerant.

neon

Air - gasi nezvakavhenganiswa, wechishanu inova neon. Chakazarurwa zvikuru gare gare - muna 1898. The zita rinoshandurudza kubva muchiGiriki se "mutsva".

Monatomic gasi riri Hauoneki uye odorless.

Rine kumusoro magetsi conductivity. It ane rakakwana zvemagetsi nevamwe. Inert.

Gas vakawana takaparadzana mhepo.

Application:

• The inert Pakoreji indasitiri;
• The refrigerant mu cryogenic miti;
• Filler buditsa mwenje. Vakawanda kushandiswa inobvuma pakushambadzira. signage wechitema Most zvinoitwa neon. By kupfuura wemagetsi iyeye mwenje kupa wakajeka ruvara chiedza.
• Signal anotungidza pamusoro lighthouses uye airfields. Takashanda zvakanaka pamwe chete rinorema bvungapfunga.
• Eremendi mhepo muvhenganiswa vanhu vanoshanda kumusoro kuvafurira.

nehelium

Nehelium - monatomic gasi iri Hauoneki uye odorless.

Application:

• Kufanana neon, kana wemagetsi buditsa kunopa chiedza chinopenya.
• In indasitiri - kubvisa tsvina kubva simbi kuti simbi;
• Refrigerant.
• Kuzadza airships uye Balloons;
• Aoma mu wemisanganiswa kuti kufema panguva zvakadzama dives.
• Heat kuchinjirwa svikiro iri zvenyukireya reactors.
• Home Vana mufaro - zvinobhururuka Balloons.

chaiyo kubatsira hakusi zvipenyu. At dzakakwirira kuwanda zvinogona kukonzera chepfu.

methane

Air - gasi nezvakavhenganiswa, wechinomwe inova methane. The gasi iri Hauoneki uye odorless. Pamatunhu kuwanda ndiyo putika. Naizvozvo, nokuti kunoratidza zviri awedzera odorants.

Most inowanzoshandiswa mafuta uye mbishi mashoko makemikari kwetunhu.

Household yamavira, boilers, gasi mvura Heaters ushande zvikurukuru methane.

Product tusingaoneki.

krypton

Krypton - monatomic inert gasi iri Hauoneki uye odorless.

Application:

• ari zvaAtemisi lasers;
• oxidizer propellant;
• richizadza incandescent mwenje.

Sei vanhu muviri akanga ambodzidza zvishoma. Adzidza Chikumbiro panguva megungwa Diving.

rehydrogen

Rehydrogen - Hauoneki, zvinobata moto gasi.

Application:

• Chemistry - kugadzirwa amoniya, Sipo, mapurasitiki.
• Kuzadza idenderedzwa anoshongwa mu meteorology.
• Propellants.
• Kutonhora Magetsi emagetsi.

xenon

Xenon - monohydric Hauoneki gasi.

Application:

• akazadza incandescent nemwenje;
• injini mu chitundumusere-musere;
• sezvo yokutindivadza.

Nokuti munhu muviri hakukuvadzi. Special kubatsira haasi.