American dema sebere (kutakura Black): tsananguro, chitarisiko, features, dzinogarisana uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Munguva dzekare nguva bheya mhando iyi yakanga kwakapararira munharaunda vemazuva Europe, asi akanga asi nokukurumidza kuparadzwa, uye nhasi zviri dzomusango munyika dzokuEurope haiwaniki. The American dema nebere (kana dema bere) zvakasiyana kubva zveufende navo? Ndezvipi tsika nechitarisiko chavo? Izvi nezvimwe zvakawanda mibvunzo isu achapindura gare gare munyaya ino.

waridza

Black sebere American dema nebere kusvikira ichangobva kugarwa AZHUTHA uye pamapani North America. Asi vakawanda vacho yakanga kudzimwa kana misha munhu kubva kumabvazuva United States uye kumaodzanyemba-okumabvazuva kumatunhu. By pakutanga XXI remakore, nhamba mhuka idzi asingadi 200 zviuru. Vazhinji kuwanda dema kutakura American dema bere anogoverana vane grizzly.

The kwakaita mhuka iyi chete nomumakomo pamwe kwakadzikira kubvira 900 kusvika 3000 metres pamusoro pegungwa. American sebere dema - nebere, zvino anogara kuCanada uye matatu namaviri US inoti. vanhu Small pabwendefa Mexico.

Kazhinji, iye anoda kurarama mumasango uye munzvimbo kwete chaizvo dzine vanhu vakawanda nevanhu. In Canada, American matema bere (kutakura) anopindura chikamu chikuru chacho munhoroondo kwaasingasvikiri. It haambotauri chete munzvimbo yacho nechepakati mapani, izvo zviri kushingaira kutanga kurima. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nguva uye anouya munzvimbo idzi.

American dema sebere (Black bheya): chitarisiko

mhuka iyi, kusiyana makuru vazvo, riri unosvikirwa pakukura. The tomu iri zvishoma akanongedza, mukuru tsoka, ane refu chaizvo nenzara. The jasi hupfupi uye kumeso. Kakawanda chete pasi huro zvinoita kuona chena, chiedza mashava kana tsvukuruka makwapa akasvibirika. Nzeve yakakura, kuisa paupamhi kunze. Pasinei zvishoma dzakafanana kuna grizzly, American matema bere - nebere kuti hauna pamberi papfudzi ano.

mhuka muviri pakureba 1.5 m, kureba muswe - anenge mumwe meter, nokureba nzeve - 80 mm. Black bere anoyera mu avhareji makirogiramu 135, kunyange zvazvo pamutemo rakanyorwawo zviitiko apo vamwe vanhu yakasvika yekudyidzana yepamusoro uremu (makirogiramu 250). Vanhukadzi ndivo vanenge yechitatu duku pane varume.

Upenyu hunotarisirwa mune mhando iyi, maererano vaongorori, makore anenge makumi maviri nemashanu, kunyange zvazvo vamiririri vayo zvisingawanzoitiki kurarama kusvika makore gumi. Izvi imhaka zvezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu uye poaching. Vanopfuura 90% kufa muzera American dema nebere pashure pemwedzi 18 nzira imwe kana mumwe chokuita musangano nomunhu - kwepfuti ane vavhimi kana kunze kwemutemo, tsaona dzemotokari, etc ...

ruvara

American dema nebere, tsanangudzo zvinogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku ari mhuka, sezvinoita ushe, ane dema, dzimwe nguva rutema mashava mbava. The chete Kusara ndiko kuguma tomu iro chitsvuku tsvuku rakachenuruka. Zvisinei, kunyange chete nemarara anogona kuzvarwa unobereka chokoreti mashava uye zvitema-dema.

Kazhinji shava Hue cho majaya mhuka. American dema bere - nebere kuti saizi zviri muduku zvisvundu navo, asi mhando ichi hachisi muduku kwaari siyana ruvara. Kuwedzera dema kana dema mashava, kumadokero kwemhenderekedzo kuUnited States pane chiedza shava nhengo mhando, akasiyana mhando Alaskan sirivha-yebhuruu mbava (Glacier Bears), mhuka kuti vanogara pachitsuwa Gribbel, vane nguo chena. Asi Miti zvose ane rakasiyana chinhu - chiedza-yellow kuguma tomu.

Where American dema nebere anoita

Black unobereka vanzwe vakasununguka munzvimbo kuti zvinobatana masango uye Mafuro. Yakanaka nzvimbo idzi masango pamwe akasiyana siyana nzungu uye zvibereko. On zviduku rezuva glades mhuka idzi kuwana zvokudya zvavo. Wetlands uye pamapani vanopa zvavo manune uye nyoro chikafu, uye pachava nehova duku mune chisango nzvimbo - mvura yokunwa. Mukuwedzera, vari kushandiswa ne zveufende kuchitonhora kuchipisa yezhizha.

Dipper nevana vaduku kunoda miti makuru, avo dhiramu dhayamita inofanira kuva masendimita dzinenge 50. The nemakwati inofanira ribbed (somuenzaniso, chena mupaini). Miti iyi ndiyo inonyanya njodzi kuti vaduku mabheya, vari kutodzidza kukwira, uye vari nenzvimbo yakanaka rekuronga pokugara.

Ko American matema kubereka vavengi?

Hongu, uye zvakawanda. American bere dema - nebere kuti haambotauri yakazaruka nzvimbo kurwiswa hombe uye kupfuura simba mashava unobereka. Ndokusaka anosarudza kurarama mumasango. Gray mapere, Coyotes, Cougars kazhinji abate veshumba. Asi vazhinji vakafa baribalov - mhuka mukuru, uye achiuraya munhu wavo.

chikafu

American dema nebere - bere rakanyatsojeka inotya, kwete hasha uye omnivorous. In zvokudya zviri zvakakwana nepriveredliv uye illegible. Zvikurukuru twuchidya pamusoro chirimwa zvokudya, mazana nezvipembenene. Black unobereka haagoni kunzi vanoshingaira zvikara: mhuka dzakawanda vertebrate, ivo uchapedza chete dziri kudonha. Zvisinei, mashoko American matema nebere havazosiyi duku nemakonzo: Beaver, tsuro, unogona kukurira vashoma nondo.

American dema sebere achidya zvokudya zvakawanda sezvo dumbu rake anogona kuchengeta. Pashure paizvozvo akaenda kunorara uye akamuka zvakare mubasa uchitsvaka zvokudya. Zvichienderana mwaka, kusvikira 80-95% yayo zvinodyiwa chirimwa chikafu. Muchirimo (April-May), American matema bheya kunyanya anodya miriwo. Muna June, kudya kwavo anova yokuwedzera siyana: kune tumbuyu, mazana uye masvosve, uye nebere regales matsutso michero, howa uye acorns.

Kana mune dzimwe nzizi Alaska uye Canada simuka kuti zviri kukonzera shoals Sarimoni, matema mabheya kuunganidza pamhenderekedzo uye isina kudzika mvura hove. Hatigoni kutaura kuwa nokuti American dema bere - yakaoma. Panguva ino, zvakakodzera Stock kukwira mafuta muchando. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha vanhukadzi, izvo panguva yechando kuzomwisa mwana. Mafuta zvitoro matema samapere kuunganidza nokuda kudya yakawanda zvibereko, nzungu uye acorns.

American dema nebere: kubereka

Achangobva ichimutsa kubva kuhwanda baribaly naye. Zvinotora nzvimbo muna May-July. Pamuviri kunogara kusvikira mazuva mazana maviri namakumi maviri. Sezvineiwo, pamuviri zviri nemabheya hakurevi kuva pakarepo, asi chete mukupera kwematsutso. Uye chete kana iye vaunganidza runodiwa huwandu mafuta. Chimwe dzinonakidza chinhu: maviri kana matatu bere mwana akaberekwa muchando, panguva apo amai vavo zvakasimba chaizvo nehope.

Kids vanoberekwa achirema magiramu asingasviki 450. Vanowana yavo nzira zara mafuta uye ushamwari mukaka, uye muchirimo yavo uremu kwava kusvika 5 kg. Cubs kwose dzinomutevera mai, ibvai pazviri zvidzidzo zviitiko zvose. Vanosiyira kusvikira gore rakatevera, kana ouya nguva inotevera kuberekesana.

Mararamiro

Black Bear - a mukwiri mukuru, izvozvo anonyatsorayiridzwa kukwira miti, kunyange akwegura kwazvo zera. mhuka iyi vakangwarira ane zvikuru dzakabudirira kunhuhwidza, asina kunzwa. Usiku, achitsvaka zvokudya kana kurara naye, baribaly kuyambuka madaro marefu:

• mhuka duku, vezera - 1.6? km;
• vanhurume vakura - 12 km;
• vakadzi vakura - 9 km.

Kufadza hwakanyorwa kureba kufamba zuva oda 200 km.

American dema sebere kutsanya kumhanya pamukwidza kana ari chinjikira penyika, kuwedzera kune 55 km / h. Hadzina wo vanoshambira zvikuru zvakanaka kushambira mhiri mvura yakachena zvinenge 2.5? km.

Black unobereka vanosarudza Kufudza mangwanani kana manheru kana kupisa kwezuva aserera. Zvisinei, vamwe vari kushingaira usiku. Vanoedza kudzivisa nazvo nevamwe unobereka uye vanhu. Uropi nhema bere zvikuru guru hama kuti kukura muviri. The mhuka ane rakaisvonaka ndangariro. It anonzi mumwe akangwara kwazvo mhuka.

Vashandi vari National kuchengeterwa rehurumende Georgia vanoti nemabheya mutema vakati usapindwa kuti poaching antics kunze kuchengeterwa, vazvibate zvinoshamisa savvy. Vanotiza kuti paki uye kupa vashandi pachavo kuzogadzirisa nyaya pamwe varimi vakatsamwa, uye pachavo panguva ino, zvakadzikama famba nenzira muganhu Park.

Uye pakupedzisira, zvimwe zvinonakidza zvinhu:

• Black bere - yakakurumbira heraldic chiratidzo. Munyika dzakawanda, mufananidzo wake rinoshandiswa nguvo maoko muGermany, Poland, Czech Republic, Russia.
• London Beefeaters - yakakurumbira British Queen zvaJehovha Guard - vanopfeka dzakakwirira mbava neheti Canadian baribalov.
• American dema sebere vachinzwisisa pachisikirwo nezvakanaka ruvara chiono.