Benzyl Doro: Properties, Preparation, kushanda

Zvinonhuwirira alcohols - benzene homologues nomukaka, muna kukuru iyo hydrogen atomu kuchatsiviwa hydroxy. Panguva ino, zvinonhuhwira indasitiri iri chaizvo unowanzoshandiswa benzyl doro. The yokuita mukomboni anomiririrwa yakakura vakasara ane doro uye benzene (phenyl) - S6N5SN2ON. Zvinonhuwirira alcohols dzinoratidzwa isomerism yakakura divi cheni uye placement boka - OH ari yeHydrocarbon cheni. Doro Kakawanda kacho, akapa duku zita.

Benzyl doro: nzira kwava

Zvinonhuwirira alcohols iri vakasununguka ezvinhu ari rinoparadzirwa zvakasikwa. Kazhinji, aonekwa mune zvinokosha anonhuwirira. Benzyl doro akanga synthesized kubva halogenated benzene homologues, umo halogen iri vemunyika vari divi cheni. alcohols izvi waisiyana phenols pamusoro zvose nekuti havana anzi acidic ehupfumi. Benzyl doro zvakare kuwana kubva dzinongoitika pakugadzira zvinhu, rine esters. Zvadaro, saka atorwe yakanga zvikaramba pamwe zvinonhuwirira alcohols. Zvinonhuwirira alcohols vari pedyo zvikuru aliphatic alcohols: kubudikidza kuitwa alkali simbi alkoxides yokuumba; nokuda oxidation, zvichienderana nemamiriro, zviri kuchinjwa kune runoenzanirana aldehydes kana ketones; Zviri nyore kuti mufananidzo ethers uye esters.

ehupfumi zvokunyama alcohols

Vamiririri yokutanga pakati homologous dzinotevedzana pakati acyclic alcohols - mvura, uye yakakwirira alcohols - nezvishoma. First homologs (methanol, panyaya iyi, propanol) vane munhuwi doro, svikiro (isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, pentanol, hexanol) - fusel mafuta, wakakwidzwa - hapana kwakanaka. Alcohols vane refu Kubika pfungwa, izvo chokuita nevanhu ari mamorekuru achishandisa rehydrogen kusungwa. Vazhinji izvi uye zvimwe physico-kwemakemikari ehupfumi kuti alcohols kunosiyana-siyana pamwe kuwedzera samolecular uremu.

Zvinofanira kufunga chokwadi kuti kuchinja doro kubva mvura kune gaseous ezvinhu (pa kubika) nokuparurwa hydrogen chisungo. The ultraviolet Absorção de Água chakarondedzera pane bhendi mudunhu 150-200 nm. X-ray uye Erekitironi diffraction Tinokwanisa here kuziva pakona rimwe nonlinear coupling C-C-N 110 ° 25 '. Kana anonhuhwirira alcohols, ipapo vanoonekwa ne chete ehupfumi souya acyclic alcohols. yeimwe ava havaratidzi kana kwete soluble mumvura, wakanaka - ari zvinoita zvokufembedzwa. The Kubika pfungwa yekudyidzana kupfuura runoenzanirana arene. The Absorção de Água bhendi ari ultraviolet uye michini spectra yakafanana aliphatic alcohols.

Chemical ehupfumi Kwezvinonhuhwirira alcohols

yeimwe Ava chete namakemikari ehupfumi sezvo aliphatic alcohols. Vanoumba alkoxides, ethers uye esters, halogenated kudivi cheni, uye kana oxidation - ketones, aldehydes, uye zvinonhuwirira acids. Uyezve, alcohols izvi zvinogona kuratidza ehupfumi arenes. Somuenzaniso, vanogona sei benzenovogo neerekitironi - halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, uye hydrogenation, etc.

Benzyl doro - zvikukutu, chaizvo soluble mu panyaya iyi, taita - nemvura, inonyunguduka pa 15,3 ° C, mamota pa 205,8 ° C. Agadzirira kwayo alkaline hydrolysis kuti benzyl chloride kuburikidza zvokuverengera benzaldehyde pamwe formaldehyde pamberi yavaibvisa hydroxide, dzimwe kwemafuta zvinokosha uye zviwanikwa balms. Yaishandiswa munhuwi, kwakanaka zvechizarira, ari solvent iri pefiyumu indasitiri.

Beta-phenylethyl nedoro - Unonyunguduka hwakasimba pa 27 ° C uye mamota pa 222 ° C, soluble mu panyaya iyi. Dziri Pink, clove zvinokosha anonhuwirira. Richishandiswa sezvo inonhuwirira fuma, ine munhuwi Roses. Uyewo, mumwe pfuma yaiwanzoshandiswa zvinonhuhwira uye zvokudya Mazinga.

Cinnamic doro - Unonyunguduka hwakasimba pa 33 ° C, nyore soluble mu panyaya iyi. Yaiva ainyanya muchimiro ethers mu zvinokosha anonhuwirira, chinonhuwira Inogadzirwa nemasiridzi anobuda mumiti, balsams. Inonhuwirira chete Hyacinth nekunhuhwira rinoshandiswa anonhuwira indasitiri, uye sezvo mbishi zvekushandisa kuti kwetunhu akawanda odorous zvinhu.