Bird dzvuku-chipfuva flycatcher: tsananguro, kugoverwa, zvokudya uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Kubvira kare, vanhu vaida kuona upenyu shiri. Havasi vose vane akasiyana inopenya mavara uye hunoshamisa Vocal mano. Kunyange zvakadaro, tsika dzavo, maitiro dzinofarirwa kwete chete ornithologists, asiwo vanoda zhinji hunhu.

nhasi yedu heroine (dzvuku chipfuva flycatcher) - chete shiri duku. Kare sixties remakore rapfuura zvaionekwa chaizvo kusingawanikwi muna Central Black Earth, asi nhasi zvazova yaizivikanwa ugere akadzivirira masango. Uyezve, tsvuku-chipfuva flycatcher - shiri, iyo zvino chaizvo vanonzwa uye mumapaki guta. Mumakore achangopfuura, shiri iyi pfumbu akatanga kugadzirisa, uye mumigwagwa guta.

Red-chipfuva flycatcher: Kupararira

shiri Izvi kwakapararira muEurope. Anenge ose nyika, izvi zvishoma pfumbu shiri vagara akazaruka dzezvimwe, vachisarudza havo AZHUTHA, Mafuro, rakavhurika dondo glade. Vanowanzoita vanosarudza kugara kumaruwa. Havasi kutya munharaunda vanhu, uyezve, mumisha mukuwanda zvavo kufarira chikafu - inobhururuka.

MuRussia, tsvuku-chipfuva flycatcher (lotsmanchik) matendere kuchamhembe Leningrad nharaunda. In rwezasi, zviso kusvikira kumiganhu treeless steppes rweUkraine uye Lower Volga nharaunda. Uyezve, pane nevanhu mumasango kuCaucasus, kuchamhembe Iran, pamusoro Kopet Dagh.

Red-chipfuva flycatcher, kunyanya apo kupararira kakawanda anokonzerwa rutapudzo ari munzvimbo inogarwa spruce, nemipaini anoda achiwana. The spruce-Deciduous masango, spruce mumasango, dzimwe nguva vashoma uye matsi, izvi shiri dendere.

Red-chipfuva flycatcher, tsananguro izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku akawanda ornithology, nokuti chando nhunzi munyika North Africa.

Flytrap duku: zvekunze zvinhu

The zvishoma pfumbu shiri ndohwaJehovha murayiro passerine, Old World flycatcher mhuri. saizi Its muduku (hapana masendimita anopfuura 12), kuti plumage rakanyatsojeka madzedzerere, inova kunobatsira pane drawback: hazvisi nyore kuchengeta magora.

Red-chipfuva flycatcher ane tetepa, zvishoma elongated, denderedzwa muviri. The muswe iri refu uye dzakaonda. Musoro yakakura nemaziso makuru rima. Black muromo iri unosvikirwa pakukura. netsoka dzakapfava achiaita pfupi nenzara. Red-chipfuva flycatcher, ane inzwi iri chaizvo guru, zvikuru rinobudisa ruzha yepakutanga. Song Ptakha kuti inoumbwa vaviri kana vatatu vachidzokorora "tsirkany" uye ina kana shanu muridzo mazwi anotevera, aine kuwa inzwi. Izvi mutinhimira nyore haina hwakakanyiwa manzwi dzimwe shiri, refu uye nyore kuyeuka.

ruvara vanhurume

Adult male divi musoro uye yokumusoro mutsipa vari kupendwa mu brownish-pfumbu kana rima pfumbu. Nadhvoste shure uye grayish mashava. Kuvanza yokumusoro minhenga velvety dema. subspecies Red-chipfuva flycatcher European ane craw, mutsipa, uye yokumusoro muchipfuva guru gwapa inobwinya tsvuku kana ocher ruvara. Ruvara kusimba mavara aro saizi kunoenderana nemakore shiri. Makuru uye kupenya kuri vanhurume vakwegura.

With pamutsipa wachena ruvara kunosvika kumativi chityu uye yenguvo kumicheto dzvuku gwapa. Rezasi chikamu chipfuva rezasi coverts ari minhenga, dumbu - chena. Under coverts chena kuti akacheneruka-ocher ruvara. Upper uye mahovye coverts - mashava. The nechepakati gozvo - black, vamwe - maviri-ruvara: chena nhandare uye pamisoro vatema. Muromo shava-mashava zvishoma rakaiswa mujinga mandible. Makumbo brownish-dema. Iris shava maziso.

Sezvo vanhukadzi chitsvuku?

Adult hadzi iri grayish shava kana brownish mashava Feathering chokumusoro muviri. Gozvo yokumusoro muviri uye muswe zvakafanana ruvara kwakaita mukono. Zvavovo zvishoma raita pamusoro. The underparts vane jena akacheneruka ocher Hue. On ponytail dzakaderera coverts vari chena. Upper muviri uye bapiro mahovye peat vane yakaderera kwake mashava.

chikafu

Red-chipfuva flycatcher zvikuru choosy nezvokudya. Sezvo ornithologists vanoti mwana kudya zvose unogona vandifarire duku muromo wavo. Simba duku flycatcher kunonyanya ndezvokungotevedzera mamiriro okunze: uri wakanaka zuva yakajeka, shiri idzi abate nhunzi, svikiro kadikidiki kungozvifunga, dragonflies. Usakanda mapfumo pasi flytrap kubva horsefly akaviruka ari mapazi ayo kuvhima nhandare.

In okunze akaipa, kana hazvibviri kubhururuka, shiri anodya makonye, zvipembenene duku uye dzimwe tumbuyu, vari achihwanda mvura mumiti. Pane pokuvanda mvura, uye edu heroine. Zvisinei Flycatchers anovhima anenge ose tupukanana mudenga, uye zvinokambaira mhando havaiti yokunzvenga pfungwa dzavo.

Sezvineiwo, flytrap anokwanisa deftly kusimudza muromo rawa mashizha uye pasi payo hazvo muchawana zvokudya pachavo. Izvi zvinogona kuva madandaude, masvosve, zvipembenene uye etc. diki

Kuvaka dendere

Sezvineiwo, dendere Flycatcher (munhukadzi) anoshongedza zvavo chete dzinongoitika zvinhu. zvinyoronyoro iye weaving chikwindi kwayo, mutete kupfuura madzinde uswa, nehuni fibers, shiri pasi. Panze, shiri dzimwe nguva lichen uye matombo awo mutete.

Inside mudungwe pamwe chikwindi, bvudzi-kufanana matavi anotandira kuti wakwira zvinomera, uchishandisa shoma horsehair. Open slots (kwete mhango) Kazhinji anotora chimiro vashoma mbiya. The dhayamita hazvirevi kupfuudza 50 neMM, udzamu - 45 mm. Wanikidza slots duku muholovki zvakaoma nokuti zvakanaka Masked, uye shiri vanozvinetsa chaizvo uye chengeta yokumusoro mapazi emiti.

kubereka

Flycatcher anogona dendere zvikuru pedyo mumwe munhu: pasi pamatenga edzimba, pamusoro lampposts, vari muminda. shiri iyi haisiyi kugara akasiyiwa matendere evamwe shiri. Izvi zvishoma pfumbu shiri paunongosvika maberekero nzvimbo kudoka.

Sezvineiwo unopfuura shiri idzi iyo boka richitora mazamu, nhongo flycatchers anowana usina mhango, iri pedyo nayo uye otanga dzinobvisa zvomumba serenades. Kunzwa Amorous trills, hadzi rinobhururukira kwaari "murume." Asi pane diki matete uye kana hono anokundikana kutora hakuna mumwe, asi zvanza akawanda chinhu. Ipapo unokwezva "vasvitsa" pakutanga mumwe yokugara, uye ipapo rinobhururukira inotevera, izvo rinobudisa muchato trills uye rasvika inotevera munhukadzi. Saka, mukono mechanism anova muridzi "revakadzi".

Asi kune ake chikwereti: basa baba uye hono musoro wemhuri anoita basa zvizere. Munguva nesting mwaka, iye anochengeta dendere uye wavo muduku. Munhurume chinobatsira mukoti uye mukoti wechikadzi ruzivo manyana. Nokuti ichi baba vevana vakawanda flit kubva mudendere kune mumwe. Ornithologists makasimbisa kunoshamisa chokwadi: panguva nesting nemudzimai flycatchers pazuva chinoita kuti Flights mazana mashanu zvokudya uye shure kune dendere zvokudya zvavo vasina zivo manyana.

Hazvishamisi flytrap anonzi chaizvo shiri: kuparadzwa yakadaro hombe nhamba rezvipembenene chinhu zvazvisingarambiki zvakanaka shiri idzi.

The kwaita kako

Muna June, dendere mazai kuoneka, riri kazhinji hapana anopfuura matanhatu. The goko iri nechepadivi mune rinokwanisa kucheneruka ruvara pamwe splashes rima kwerima guru. The hadzi incubates mazai pachake kwevhiki mbiri. Dimensions mazai 19 x 14 mm. Achiona ngozi, shiri ine kudzikama yokuchemera kubhururuka vakakomba dendere, dzimwe nguva kunyange sezvimwe kurwiswa pamusoro mupasa anoedza aongorore dendere bvuta pairi, akatendeuka kubva munhu hanya.

Nhiyo zvokudya nevabereki vose. Mwana ari kukura nokukurumidza chaizvo, uye mwedzi kwezera kuzvimirira. Uye vabereki vane nguva nenguva ino kuti batira wechipiri.

Chick: plumage

Wokutanga plumage kako - yakatsvukuruka mashava pamusoro nechiedza-ocher makwapa minhenga. Goiter, huro uye yokumusoro chikamu chityu pamwe akacheneruka ocher shava scaly muenzaniso. kuchinyanya Its zvinoderedza chokumusoro chikamu mudumbu. Pazasi Figure zvachose vasipo.

Under coverts muswe - chena. Yokutanga post-maberekero (chando) hembe vaduku shiri zvakafanana zvikuru mukuru mukadzi ruvara. Zvisinei, rokumusoro uye chikuru bapiro coverts marimu zvisinganyanyi raidudzwa. Kusandura plumage vaduku shiri kubva mangwanani unogarira anotanga nechepakati-June. Izvi Molt zvishomanana anofukidza anenge ose diki plumage, kunze rokunze yepamusoro coverts uye secondaries.

Nevana akazotevera unogarira wokutanga Molt, kazhinji kunoguma mukupera August uye September mangwanani. Panguva chando chete kutanga makore mashoma zvimwe minhenga kuoneka tsvuku pamusoro huro. Vanhu vakuru Molt kaviri pagore, zvachose musati nguva chando munzvimbo uye postnuptial nenguva maberekero munzvimbo.