Bryology - ndiye sayenzi chii? Mabviro ezwi rokuti uye paumbwe nedzidziso

Bryology - sayenzi mosses (bryophytes). Rinoshandurwa kubva pane rechiGiriki "Brion" - "chikwindi", "Logos" - "kudzidzisa", saka imwe shanduro chaiwo - "dzidziso Moss." Bryology - davi mudiki sayenzi, iyo mumwe bhotani. Masayendisiti munyaya mukudzidza mosses, rinonzi bryology.

Subject nyaya bryology

Dzidziso Chero kwesayenzi presupposes kudzidza nyaya. Sezvo bryology - sayenzi bryophytes, nyaya kudzidza kwake vokutanga kwemarudzi Kuva mhuri iyi miti, uyewo anatomical, morphological, nemakemikari, kuvabereki, zvakatipoteredza, nenzvimbo, vasiri, zvinhu zvavo, bryology, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, ongorora mukana kushandisa mosses mune zvokurapa, zvinangwa mhuri.

kupatsanura pakati mosses

Maererano Database, rakanyorwa kwakaita 2010, zvakasikwa kune vanopfuura 15,000 marudzi, vanopfuura zviuru 1 zvizvarwa uye mhuri dzinopfuura 150 mosses. Makore mashomanana akanga apfuura, muna Chikamu bhotani rinonzi "bryology" (science se - zvinotsanangurwa munyaya ino) zvirimwa zvose bryophytes, masayendisiti sechinhu rimwe taxon chinzvimbo Mosses dhipatimendi.

Science hazvirevi mira, saka pane mapoka matatu mosses kuzivikanwa zvinotevera mumadhipatimendi nhasi:
1. hornwort.
2. mossy.
3. Fígado.

Nezvekugadzirwa sainzi

Kokutanga kudzidza mosses kuita pakati remakore rechi19. Bryology pachayo (sayenzi bryophytes) anonzi kurangwa wechidiki akaita yakabuda panguva zvakakwanisika kushandisa unyanzvi ari kudzidza nemaziso maumbirwo svikiro kadikidiki zvirimwa siyana kukura kubva 3 kusvika 50 mm. Muchidimbu marongerwo uye gadziriro rokuvaka chikwindi vachipa I. Hedwig (Switzerland), C. uye B. Bridel Shimper (Germany), D. Hooker (UK), W. Mitten (USA). At mambakwedza Finnish musayendisiti remakore rechi20 V. F. Broterus aiva kupatsanura pakati bryophytes (uye bryology - sayenzi wavo), izvo kwenguva refu nguva kwainzi huru, asi gare gare akanga dzakachinjwa zvishoma nokuda zvichiita kusanganisira zvidzidzo samolecular.

MuRussia, zvakatanga kudzidza mosses pakati remakore rechi19, mukuru Geographical Society, chaisanganisira geographer E. K. Gofman uye zvipenyu F. I. Rupreht uye M. E. Tsikkendrat, akatumirwa kuchamhembe Urals, kunorwa akakwanisa kudzidza zvimwe bryophytes uye kunyange kuunganidzira herbarium, rinosvika imwe zana negumi marudzi. Kwapera A remakore, munhu Russian nyanzvi A. G. Shrenk munguva kubvira 1948 kusvika 1955, yokutanga rwendo raiva kuchamhembe Russia, apo iye achishingaira kudzidza bryophytes (bryology - sayenzi bryophytes). The musayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana 25 marudzi zvinomera, kunyanya vachiwaridza mhando.

Development pfungwa yesayenzi iri nguva

Iye zvino, uwandu pamusoro bryophytes kwete zvapera. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, paiva vanofungidzirwa 22 kusvika 27 zviuru mhando bryophytes. Vachiri havaratidzi nemasayendisiti vari bryology-Tropical latitudes uye kumaodzanyemba hemisphere.

Kudeuka herbarium pamusoro bryophytes muRussia hwakagadzwa zvesayenzi nzvimbo Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kirovsk (Murmansk nharaunda), Vladivostok, Irkutsk.