Cobalt bhomba sezvo chombo zvinoparadza.

Cobalt bhomba iri yokungotaura nadzurudzo zvombo zvinoparadza, iyo inotungamirira yakakwirira inosiyana radioactive kusvibiswa uye kusvibiswa munzvimbo ine duku rehondo kuputika. Cobalt bhomba rinoreva radiological zvombo, sezvo unoshamisa chinokonzera ndiko ionizing nemwaranzi. Panguva iyoyowo, nokuda hama kwekuneta kuputika, rinenge rose kwezvivako, zvivako, zvivako uye zvivako kuramba dzakabatana.

Cobalt bhomba - chombo yenyukireya, kuti goko iyo haina yakagadzirwa uranium exchange-238 uye cobalt-59 kubva. Kana detonation kunoitika irradiation goko simba Nyuturoni zvinoyerera chinoguma transmutation pamusoro cobalt-59, cobalt-60 isotope. Its hafu-upenyu huri pfuurei 5 years. Somugumisiro, mashoko Beta-kuora pamusoro nuclide ichi chakaumbwa kuti nickel-60 ari kushingaira mamiriro, izvo pashure nguva muvhu.

cobalt-60 basa yairema mumwe giremu vanofungidzirwa 1130 CI. Kuti zvakazara kukanganisa yose nyika pevhu nemwaranzi pamwero magiramu / mativi kiromita cobalt-60 inoda vanenge 510 matani. Kazhinji, nokuputika bhomba yakadaro aigona kusvibisa nzvimbo makore 50. refu zvirevo kwakadaro kusiya shoma mukana vapone utachiona vakawanda, kunyange bunkers.

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti cobalt bhambu kumbobvira kusikwa, saka hazvisi zvakafanira basa hapana nyika. A shoma maatomu akafanana izvi yaishandiswa imwe UK anoedza chombo kwenyukireya kuti radiochemical chipepa. zvipingamupinyi chikuru asika munhu nhare akadaro zvazviri kwete, asi munhu anokudzwa zvokutapukirwa pamusoro kwenzvimbo yaro nguva haabvumiri yakachengeteka ruzivo nazvo. zvombo kwakadaro kumbobvira zvinogadzirwa uye havana vaedzwa nokuda ngozi huru kana kushandiswa kurwisa pachavo.

Zvikuru zvinotyisa nzira kushandisa cobalt bhomba iri kwayo kuputika panguva mukuru kukwira, zvishoma kubva mundima muvengi, zvichienderana mamiriro ekunze. Panyaya iyi, chinangwa ndiko kuti vakayambuka mundima fallout muvengi anogona hunonzi kuparadza zvose zvipenyu.

Pfungwa bhomba iyi yakaitwa yefizikisi Leo Szilard, rakamwisa nokufungidzira kuti zvombo kuti cobalt mabhomba anokwanisa kuparadza zvose vepasi. Cobalt akasarudzwa nokuda ndechokuti Nyuturoni activation rinopa simba zvikuru uye kwenguva refu radioactive pakusvibiswa. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa dzimwe zvinhu zvinoumba zvakawanda isotopes pamwe refu hafu-upenyu chokusika zvombo zvakadaro, asi basa ravo zvakajeka kukwana. Panewo pfupi isotopes kuenzaniswa cobalt-60, akadai yavaibvisa-24, zinc-65 uye goridhe-198, asi nokuda pfupi nokukurumidza kuparara kwavo inorwara VOKUPARIDZIRA anogona kupona infestation nharaunda iri silos.

Sakharov, uyo akanga pakutanga akasika hydrogen bhomba, hwaibatanidzwawo mune yokungotaura zviitiko thorium, cobalt mabhomba akaitumidza "toadstool-skunk". Kunyange pakusikwa hydrogen bhomba wayo bvunzo haana kuti musayendisiti epithets "kumeso". Cobalt bhomba anogona kunzi munhu Nyuturoni uye radiology, vanonzi "tsvina" zvombo.