Diencephalon

Midbrain ndicho chikamu chikuru uye zvikuru vakuru chinokosha kuuropi hunde. Rine akawandisa cores kuti zvinokosha chaizvo nzvimbo yacho autonomic ezvinhu, uyewo rutivi inoitwa kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero maviri - the pineal shwanu uye pituitary shwanu. Midbrain riri chaizvo corpus callosum pakati Hemisférios Cerebrais, zviri zvishoma kune veshure optic turakiti uye posterior Perforated fuma, uye mberi - the optic chiasm.

The zvenguva nemamiriro uropi rakaoma nokuti vazhinji akasiyana nzvimbo kuti waidzora kwagara inoshanda uye ichishanda zvakanaka siyana nadzo uye hurongwa. In uropi (zvenguva) Munokudzwa: epithalamus, thalamus, metathalamus, ventricle wechitatu uye hypothalamus.

The thalamus (ziso hillocks) wezvamatongerwe peya elongated chimiro. Zvinonzi inoumbwa kuunganidza vachena nyaya iri muchimiro nuclei (anenge makumi mana), izvo dzakaparadzaniswa paiva chena chikukutu. Epithalamus akapa epiphysis kana pineal shwanu. Epiphysis chitarisiko chakafanana misipuresi cône uye vemunyika pamusoro quadrigemina midbrain. Kubva kunze kwayo akazadza Kamudzira, umo vatiitire nechomukati partitions kupatsanura epiphysis kupinda zvidimbu.

Metathalamus nechipiriso medial uye, chokwadi, lateral geniculate miviri, ndiyo nzvimbo kunzwa uye zvakaratidzwa. Vari chiri seri pamutsago zvikamu zviviri thalamus uye zvakabatana kune midbrain makumbo nani colliculus uchingodzikira. The hypothalamus anoratidzwa fanera, ari optic chiasm, vachena chikomo, pituitary uye mastoid miviri maviri. The pituitary shwanu ndiyo musimboti kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa, riri pituitary fossa sella pamusoro sphenoid. The hypothalamus pave chaiyo rezasi chikamu diencephalon.

All hypothalamic neerekitironi, apo kumativi mana ayo nzvimbo mberi rakakamurwa neshure, zvenguva uye mberi, vazhinji vavo kubereka neurosecretion. Front neerekitironi aimiririra paraventikulyarnymi uye supraoptic undovakira - hypothalamic nuclei uye mastoid muviri, svikiro - yakaderera uye verhnemedialnymi hypothalamic nuclei, nuclei uye serobugornymi fanera.

Diencephalon zvakare rine ventricle wechitatu, unova mhango uropi. Akashuma pazasi wechina ventricle, kumberi uye shure - kuburikidza interventricular foramen - wokutanga uye wechipiri ventricles. Kufanana nevamwe vose, vari rechitatu vascular plexus, izvo zvibereko cerebrospinal mvura.

Mashandiro ane zvenguva uropi inotsamira nhengo dzayo:

• Murau waJehovha kwemakemikari anobudiswa ezvinhu, sezvo ari diencephalon yakaronga pituitary uye pineal. Pituitary kemikari kunomutsa kugadzirwa zvinotevera: kukura, prolactin (achiumba mano mukaka ari Formação de ari mammary mumasero), TSH, ACTH, follicle-nekurukurirano, luteinizing, lyuteotropnogo, melanotropin, oxytocin, vasopressin. Neurosecretory kushanda pineal shwanu chinhu pachena diurnal nzira. Night synthesizes melatoksin, iyo rinobatanidzwa ruvara Exchange, uye masikati - serotoksin.
• Murau waJehovha autonomic hurongwa. Muna hypothalamus, riri subcortical nzvimbo autonomic hunenge, akadai nyota, nzara, mukaguta, mafaro, kutsamwa, thermoregulation, uyewo zvose siyana manzwiro.
• The lateral geniculate mitumbi iri subcortical nzvimbo zvaakaratidzwa, uye medial - kunzwa.
• The thalamus ndiyo musimboti zvinonyatsorehwa nehanya, kunze olfactory.

Midbrain, sezvinoita mutemo, ane zvinhu zvizhinji zvinopesana pane mumwe wavo angave irreparable nemigumisiro, izvo zvaizoita vaizongoguma kutungamirira kuremara kana rufu.