Francium makemikari chaikosha: unhu uye nhoroondo yakawanikwa

Chemical chaikosha francium (Fr 87) - mumwe ari Periodic Mendeleyev zvinhu. Pakazosvika 1925, aiva mumwe zvinhu zvina unfound. Izvi ndizvo zvakaoma kupfuura zvose uye kupfuura tichishingaira alkali simbi huripo zvakasikwa, uye ndicho uchitsanya hafu-upenyu huripo makemikari. Izvi zvichiri yakaderera uye renyukireya nokutsiga inosimudzira kuti kwenguva refu, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti French Open, ane rakaratidzwa nezvacho Mendeleev anenge zana usati akagamuchirwa.

History of kuwanikwa makemikari Kufananidzira France

Iye Misc yakawira zvichaitirwa mumwe mukadzi, ane zita riri marguerite Perret. The kunotsvaka pafuma inobva Mendeleev hurongwa. Based zvinhu pedyo № 87, hypotheses siyana vakaisa mberi pamusoro ehupfumi ari simbi:

• nokuti kuti necesium coterminous inonyunguduka pa nzvimbo tembiricha, zvakanzi vakafunga kuti 87 fung chaikosha kuchaitawo akanyauka yakaderera tembiricha;
• zvaifungwa kuti anoshanda emura nesimbi zvakadai necesium kana nemekiyuri;
• Tinoisa mberi pfungwa pamusoro wayo radioactivity.

Pakazopera 1938 kutsvaka nefuma akabatana marguerite Pere. It pfungwa dzayo pfungwa Arifa nezvimedu chaibwinya kubva actinium. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa vakachenesa kubva pafuma nouipi siyana, kusiya chete yakachena maatomu akafanana. Pashure zvakawanda makemikari Kurapwa vakasara mumaoko yesayenzi mai doro chine alkali munyu. Rinoratidza kuti hazvina radioactive, asi pashure kwemvura wetsime pakaonekwa Beta basa pamwe nehafu-upenyu maminitsi 22. Mukadzi akava pachena kuti mwero kwakadaro kunobva zvakananga pamusoro chiito ane alkali maatomu akafanana.

Kuramba kushanda Margarita akabudirira chete mumatsutso 1939. Zvichienderana aripo Nomenclature, mukadzi akapa 87-fung che zita "Actinium-K", iro akazokokwa kunzi kuFrance kuchengeta nzvimbo iye akaberekwa. International Union of Kwakachena ndikarangarira Chemistry dzakatora zita sezvaari nomumwe marguerite Perret. Sezvo Panovhurwa France.

Chemical chaikosha Fr: mamirire

Izvi ndizvo zvakaoma kupfuura zvose uye kupfuura basa alkali simbi kuti huripo zvakasikwa, uye ndiyo imwe uchitsanya hafu-upenyu huripo makemikari. The chakarebesa-aigara isotopes ayo anogona kuwanikwa uranium exchange zvicherwa. Naizvozvo, makemikari Kufananidzira francium chaizvo havaratidzi kunzwisisa, sezvo uchiora nokukurumidza. Kunyanya ine yakakwirira chaizvo radioactivity. Asi mari yacho chinhu chiduku kunge kuongororwa, uye vakawana zvinotevera ehupfumi:

• hafu-upenyu pamusoro refu isotope maminitsi 22;
• kubvunda tembiricha - 27 madhigirii;
• arambe achirema mumupanda tembiricha kuti 1,87 g / mamita ^3.

Interesting chokuita France

Ndicho wokupedzisira makemikari maatomu akafanana zvakawanikwa zvakasikwa. Nderake zvikuru zvisingawanzoitiki, nokuti kusagadzikana chaizvo nokuparurwa pasi nokukurumidza. Maererano masayendisiti, makemikari francium chinhu aripo munyika chete iri uwandu magiramu 30. Inogona kunzi emura nesimbi, asi imvura kwenguva pfupi nguva. Mushure masekondi mashoma francium rinotsemuka kupinda kugadzikana okunze, kunyanya Radium yapihwa.

Application France

Asi, pasinei mukuru volatility, ichi makemikari maatomu akafanana kunobatsirawo. Rinoshandiswa, kunyange asina dzakawanda. Chokutanga, makemikari Kufananidzira francium runobatsira Detective zvinhu zvakasikwa actinium. Uyezve, nemhaka kuedza pamwe Murabhoritari makonzo, masayendisiti akawana kuti rinoungana iri nyanyisa namamota, vari padariro rokutanga pakukura. Saka, zvinogona kushandiswa mangwanani kuongorora chirwere sarcoma. Asi kudzidza chinhu ichi mberi. Frances musayendisiti anoratidza zvakawanda zvayo zvakavanzika.