Fyodor Ivanovich Shubin, muvezi: Biography, basa

Fedot Ivanovich Shubin - muvezi, akaberekerwa May 1740 mumhuri murimi mudiki. baba vake, Ivan Arkhangelsk Pomor Afanasyevitch aipfeka chete rimwe zita - ganda jasi. Akanga asiri serf, akanga kuverenga uye zvakanaka-akacheka mafupa. Zvaiva kuburikidza zvidzidzo ake uye tine yakakurumbira muvezi Fedot Shubin. zita rake akachinjwa zvishoma pava paya kuti kubvuma kuti Academy of Arts.

How zvakaitika

Fedot Shubin, mwanakomana mumwe murimi mudiki wacho, muvezi, anenge kudzokorora nzira countryman yake huru University, asi pasina wakabva unyanzvi uye sayenzi, akadzidza kwete chete muRussia, asi muFrance uye Italy, nounyanzvi Inoziva kuveza machena. Pakati vavezi vemabwe-Portrait iye chaizvoizvo akanga asiri kuenzana. baba vake kwete chete aiva muridzi anoshingaira - nguva uye Fisheries, uye arable kurima, asi vakamboshanda mai neparera uye mapfupa, kuveza panze munhu kunakidza zvechokwadi uye dzinonakidza zvinhu.

Zvino mudzidzisi akanga sokuti unyanzvi. Ndiye akadzidzisa wechiduku Lomonosov kuverenga. Uye mudzidzi wake mukuru haana kukanganwa wemazano wokutanga. Muna 1759, Ivan Afanasievich ganda jasi akafa, uye mwanakomana wake, vechiduku, remangwana Fedot Shubin, muvezi uye pakuzvarwa uye muumhizha, akaenda chete hove ngoro chitima guru, pedyo countryman Lomonosov. Kwemakore maviri, jaya akadzidza Petersburg, kwete urombo, nokuti nyore akacheka kurudza mabhokisi yemumhino, mizinga nezvimwe trinkets - zvikafadza wemadzimai. Namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara zvigadzirwa zvayo uye nguva dzose achida kubhadhara zvikuru.

chikoro

Lomonosov akafara kuvazvidza mwanakomana mudzidzisi wake wokutanga, uye muna 1761 Fedotov akapinda Academy of Arts. The mazita evadzidzi raita pasi zita idzva, uye zita Fedotov, kuti Fedor uye nekuti the artist nounyoro akapindura zita Fedot Shubin. Muvezi mairi pakutanga kuona unyanzvi, uye zvose haana kukosha kwaari. Kunyange Count Shuvalov akashamiswa basa nejaya wokutanga uye iye zvakare nechido sevasingafungi. The zvakawanda kuti pakutanga akadzidza Russian muvezi Shubin uye mhiri kwemakungwa zvinhu nokukurumidza. Aigara kukudzwa kwete chete kurumbidzwa vadzidzisi, asiwo mibayiro.

Muna 1766 akabudisa Bhanabhasi-kuzorodzwa panhau, akasara pedyo nayo zvose - "kupondwa Askold uye DIR," izvo kwete chete akanga paakavapa Mukuru Gold menduru, asiwo munyori vakagamuchira pachavo kwamachinda uye wokutanga mukuru chinzvimbo - ". Chitupa pamunondo" Zvinosuruvarisa nguva akauya kwatiri kwete chete kuti akazadzisa Shubin muvezi, vazhinji mabasa ake, kunyanya zvedzidzo, vave vakarasika. Saka vazhinji magwaro uye Kurondedzera yakanaka Genre statuettes "Oreshnitsa ne nzungu", "Valdayka pamwe vhiri" uye vamwe, asi isu harizoioni nemazango dzavo.

Paris

For rinoyemurika zvikuru maitiro, kutendeseka uye zvakanaka mberi Fyodor Shubin, muvezi, akanga pooschron rwendo kuenda Paris muna 1767 neboka akadai pensioners (Vakomana) anoenda France pasi tutelage yeRussian mumiriri Golitsyn, murume avhenekerwa uye mberi, anoda uye connoisseur of Arts, kunze - anorichengeta. Golitsyn zvakare akatanga uye Fedor Ivanovich Shubin, muvezi kubva Russia, pamwe yakakurumbira Diderot, uyo aiva shamwari, uye akanyevera vadzidzisi Jean-Baptiste Pigalle.

Yakanga chisarudzo chokuchenjera. Nekuti Pigalle kusika kwete chete yakanaka rengano uye ndeyokufananidzira nziyo, izvo Shubin uye muvezi unoshanda vanotungamira ake, asi akasika chaizvo chaizvo mufananidzo busts. Ndizvozvo kuti Shubin raiva idzva uye yakachena, uye gare gare vakauya kwaari mbiri.

unyanzvi nokudzidziswa

Kushanda Studio pamwe Pigalle, Fedot Afanasievich nokungwarira zvakakopwa uye ano chivezwa French uye zvenhaka yakanyungudutswa, uye nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana sculpted Bhanabhasi-okuyamura mifananidzo kubudikidza Poussin uye Raphael, uye kunyanya yakawanda panguva zvaida kushanda zvakasikwa.

Zvinenge ose manheru Fedor Shubin muvezi akatanga basa rake renguva pamwero kirasi Academy of Arts Akanaka muParis, asi kubvira nguva nenguva vakarasika kubva rose uye ari Royal Library, uye Studio munhu akakurumbira muvezi French. Dzimwe nguva akanyora tsamba pamusoro pezvakaitika, uye vamwe kunyange nhasi unogona kuverenga, achishamisika mwanakomana Student kushingaira murimi mudiki wacho. baba vake, Ivan Shubin, muvezi, zvakare, zvichida kufara akatarira pasi chii chinoita mwanakomana wake. Zvino mwanakomana akaita zvakawanda, zvakawanda. Uye saka makore matatu akapfuura.

Italy

A nokudzidziswa-gore matatu muParis yakapera, asi Fedot ichi pachena kwete zvakakwana, uye saka akabvunza mvumo kubva Academy kuramba zvidzidzo ake muRoma uye akaenda kundosangana zviremera. Yaiva nguva anobudirira zvikuru zvakasikwa. Fyodor Shubin, muvezi, vane mabasa katyamadza kunyange vomunguva yedu unyanzvi hwake uye yakarurama asian yedzimudzangara hunhu, akasikwa 1771, Portraits pamusoro Shuvalov uye Golitsyn.

Zvino vari Tretyakov Gallery. Other basa - the bust pamusoro Catherine ari machena Great kuti adzora kunze akabudirira kunyange zvazvo akanga asina kuitwa zvakasikwa. Orlov hama, kufarira of Empress, akabva arayira Shubin Portraits dzavo, uye nokukurumidza dzavo kuitira chave aurayiwa. Muvezi zvakavezwa ari busts ake nenzira yakaderera-anokosha, izvo kare nesimba chaizvoizvo yokuda.

Kuenda

Pane imwe nguva, zvisinei, haana agere Shubin, muna 1772 akatanga inonakidza rwendo yakakurumbira Breeders Demidovs Italy. In Bologna Ndakarega uye vakaita zvimwe basa somugumisiro mukuru Europe Academy Shubin akaita ake honorary academician uye akamupa dhipuroma.

Summer 1773rd Demidov chokufambisa muvezi muEurope zvakare, panguva ino muLondon. Zvisinei Shubin atova chaizvo wakangosuruvara dzeRussia, pamusoro kuruboshwe saka kare, shamwari uye vatsigiri, uye saka pakarepo mushure rwokudzokera St. Petersburg.

kumba

Muna 1775 zvakava kuchiedza chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru mabasa muvezi Shubin. bust Uku Prince Golitsyn, Catherine Pazvinhu Wenyika, vakadzidza vepamusoro, raunoshanda yakanatswa uye akaoma, akangwara. Uye nhasi tinogona kufunga basa iri nesuko panguva State Russian Museum, uye ari machena - muna Tretyakov Gallery. Shubin sei kukuru vakapa nechitarisiko zvishoma waneta kuchembera murume ane wakagadzikana pfungwa yokuzvikwidziridza pamusoro vamwe, vose upenyu uye pamwoyo!

Nhindi zvipfeko jets uye sevari kufamba, saka simba vachishandisa kutenderera pamafudzi uye musoro Wenyika. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka mune machena. Stone kana kufema kuri kubuda tenzi chokushandisa. Falcone pachake akafara basa. A gore apfuura, muna September 1774 yokutanga, iyo Academy of Arts rakamanikidzwa vaputse yayo chata. Musoro academician haana kupiwa yokudhirowa, kana basa rake riri Musakukurwa hwenhoroondo kana rengano mutoro. In Shubin ake asian bust pamusoro Catherine Guru panguva iyoyo paiva kana Genre kana mumwe. Asi musoro academician yaakawana.

manonwe

Izvi vakaberekana makore. It akasikwa Portraits zhinji, pamwe Shubin aishanda nokukurumidza: mwedzi - mumwe bust. Nomuvezi wava nevakawanda zvikuru pakati mukuru nzanga veruzhinji, kuti chete - a kufarira of Empress. Kubva vatengi hapana kusunungurwa. muvezi pakuongorora akanga akasiyana nevamwe, uye nzwisiso - rakadzika zvokufungidzira zviri - hariperi. Akakwanisa mumwe nguva kuwana chinetso itsva - kwete kubva zvokunze features, asi nechomukati kugutsikana, hunhu muenzaniso. Shubin muvezi haana akadzokorora mabasa ake.

All yakakwirira nzanga St. Petersburg mumakore iwayo kunogona kuonekwa Portraits. Pano dare mudzimai Maria Panina. Chii nyasha, chii runako! Uye chii Kuzvikudza, chii dzihwa! Uye vangani Command! Pano Marshal - inozivikanwa mutungamiri Rumyantsev. Kwete zvishoma embellished, pasinei Rome-drapeable nejasi. Uye tinoona sei simba, kuti chinokosha munhu uyu. Zvino mufananidzo mukuru ose masayendisiti VG Orlova muvezi ndyaringo paricharova gwapa. Ndiye utsinye, kuti Shubin. No kurudyi Orlov vakananga Academy of Sciences, anoti. Munhu akadaro! Hazvina nepanomboratidza kwoupenzi, hazvina benzi zvachose uye zvakaipa Chiso.

More nezvebasa

bust This unoratidza IS Barishnikova akapfuma maindasitiri. The Fafitera anogona kuziva uye kusaziva, anogona ndinofunga nokuda Kutarira mari noungwaru uye nounyengeri muzvinabhizimisi. Nechekare makore aya okutanga, refu pamberi vanomimina, tinogona kutaura evanhu motifs mu the artist. A mufananidzo Munyori weHurumende Zavadsky, kusiyana, anoratidza dzose manzwiro ari kudanana hunhu, uye kunyange akaumbwa pamwechete manzwiro ichi - kutsanya, aive nesimba. Kufarira ndiye "Portrait of a Man", iyo, sezvo sokuti kupfuura muchivande pfungwa uye zvinotarisirwa the artist akazarura mutorwa. Murwiyo akadzikama, asi Modelling munyoro - zvose vachiwirirana vari kufungisisa avaiita.

A guru kwazvo, tinogona kutaura - yakawanda basa chakaitwa Shubin nepakati manonwe. Ekaterina Velikaya akarayira nhevedzano Bhanabhasi-reliefs, nhamba mashanu nemasere, mumwe dhayamita anenge makumi manomwe masendimita. Marble Portraits akanga achida kuti Round imba Chesma palace, asi zvino vanogona kuonekwa yeZvombo. Ivo zvinomiririra machinda uye Russia akatonga munhu - zvose kubva Rurik kuna Elizabeth.

eighties

Zvino nomuvezi akapiwa kune basa rakawanda richiri kurei uye kuoma imwe nguva. Zvisinei, akaita sowakajeka. Kuzorodzwa uye mifananidzo yacho Marble Palace, ari mausoleum pakati General Golitsyn machena zvivezwa nokuti Alexander Nevsky Monastery uye Trinity Cathedral, asi chete Pandora kubva guru kupindana Peterhof kunokosha chinhu! Asi mufananidzo busts haana kusiya. In Kuskovo, Sheremetyev patrimony, unogona kuona kwazvo basa Shubin, uyo anofananidzirwa muridzi yamambo.

Zvakangofanana mufananidzo General Michelson, uye medallion pamwe Profile of Catherine Mukuru wake sculptural bust (zvose anochengeterwa Russian Museum). Tisingatauri pamire chifananidzo Empress "tsika yakati itevedzerwe" mubasa Shubin, apo iye anofananidzwa Minerva. Vanhu uye yakakwirira muvanhu vakanga vari basa rinofadza, asi Empress Haana kuita - hapana mari, hapana Kukwidziridzwa muvezi haana kugamuchira. Uye kubva panguva iyoyo kufarira okugadzira zvinhu Shubin akava chaizvo kukurumidza kupera.

Mugumo nzira

akagara munyika zvinoshamisa muvezi Shubin matanhatu nemashanu. Brief Biography kwayo ndangofanana pakurondedzera yokusika nzira, zvakanga zvakawanda ake basa upenyu. Pano muna Bologna Shubin - aimbova purofesa, uye muSt Petersburg - hapana zvachose. Uye kuti zvinoreva chimwe chete chinhu: kumirira hapana kunze haugoni kubhadhara mari yako kuti. Uye hurongwa rine zvishoma uye kurarama kwenguva yakareba kupfuura izvozvo. Painter uye muvezi haangambove murombo, sezvo vadetembi uye vaimbi, ipapo havazokwanisi kusika. zvinodhura chaizvo pendi brushes, pamatende. Uye sezvo machena! Hongu uye purasita ...

Shubin anonyengeterera tichibatsirwa Prince Potemkin kuna Academy of Arts pamusoro nzvimbo purofesa chivezwa mukirasi. Tsamba mbiri inoramba isina kupindurwa. Ipapo muvezi yakanyorerwa zvakananga Empress. Makore maviri gare gare, mhinduro akagamuchirwa uye chinzvimbo chokuva muzvinafundo zvakare. Asi pasina kubhadhara! mhuri A U Shubina hombe, zvinofanira ane. Shanda haana kurega, pasinei nokuti zvakaratidzwa anotanga kuramba naye.

nineties

Mabasa makore aya kunyanya kunonyatsopupurira pamusoro tarenda nomuvezi wacho. Akanga asina kunatsiridza hunhu pamabasa ake, uye ikozvino chaizvoizvo mifananidzo zvakasikwa kunyanya pachena ndozvavava basa rake. Uyu mufananidzo Admiral Chichagova - sei stale suharom anotarira musoja! Izvi bust sybarite Potemkin - chinoratidza kuti hunhu hwakanaka, asi muchizvikudza, vanozvikudza, anenge disdainfully. Uyu munhu pedant, musoro Academy of Arts Betskoi ndiyo meya Chulkov ... mufananidzo kwazvo ikoko panguva ino.

Recent basa

Very kuratidza mufananidzo Lomonosov, izvo Shubin ndangariro akasikwa 1792. Mariri hakuna chete giremu kuti officialdom, ndokuisa ostentation, zviri nyore uye democratic zvose chimiro uye sezvamunoita, uyewo ari mufananidzo pfungwa! Zvisinei, mumwe Nyanzvi makore aya zvechokwadi haana kwakajeka mufananidzo countryman uye bust chamambo zvakare. Uyu Paul I - anozvikudza, chando, utsinye, panguva iyoyo kurwadza uye kutambura. Shubin akatyiswa kunyange kunzwisisa kwake, asi Pauro basa iri chaizvo. Asi chete chete. By 1797 mamiriro Shubin kwakakurira chaizvo. Akateterera chikoro uye Pauro, zvino, papera gore, kare chikoro. Ndakabvunza vakasvimha: asi breech mufurati pamwe makenduru huni uye, nekuti pakange pasina kurarama. Mhinduro yaiva runyararo zvakare.

Muna 1801, nomuvezi imba akapisa uye workshop ake pamwe chete nemabasa - apera kana kwete. Zvisinei, hapana kurohwa wematambudziko haagoni kuita kuchinja Artist pachake. Chimwe chezvinhu zvichangobva mabasa - bust Alexander Mukuru. A munaku murume, asi zvose runako zvakare chando, hanya zvakare. basa iri anochengeterwa Voronezh Regional Museum. Mambo uyu bust muvezi akapa mhete pamwe nedhaimani. Zvino vakamutsa Academy - akapa furati, uye makenduru. Muna 1803 kare raiva. Nokukurumidza, kuburikidza nechirevo paMambo Shubin uye muzvinafundo ane mari akasarudzwa. Asi kunonoka. In May 1805 hazvina muvezi kunoshamisa. rufu rwake zvakashamisa apo pasina munhu asina manyawi. Iye zvino tose nokuda unosuruvarisa kutapwa womunhu uye kurwadziwa uye kunyara.