General Karl Wolff: Biography, nhoroondo, kiyi misi nezviitiko

Karl Wolf - SS mukuru uyo akawana mukurumbira muSoviet Union, zvikuru nemhaka munyori Yulianu Semenovu uye ake yokufungidzira "Tizenhet nguva Spring", apo eponymous chikamu 12-TV firimu, akasunungura pamusoro sefa nyika yakaitwa muna 1973. Zvisinei, zvakanga chete on-screen hunhu, uye Biography chaiyo Volfa Karla, huru misi nezviitiko iyo kwakaitika hwake, vachange kurondedzerwa gare gare munyaya ino.

kutanga enzira

Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff akaberekwa musi May 13th 1900 mu Darmstadt (German Empire) vari gurukota yemhuri pamutemo zvenyika. Paaiva nemakore 17, akazvipira muchiuto. Pakapera World Rokutanga, akanga atova pachinzvimbo chevatatu refutenendi uye mibayiro dzakadai Iron Cross I uye II makirasi.

Wolff aifanira kuedza pachake muupenyu rehurumende - raiva wezvokutengeserana uye rwezvemabhengi. Akadaro zvakawanda mabasa haana nemasanga: ichi chabatsira zvikuru muchato wake nomwanasikana mumwe zvikuru maindasitiri German - background Renthelda rakaitirwa 1923. Akabva avhura kambani yake, vaita zvokutengeserana uye Advocacy.

basa rekuita

Kufanana akawanda vemasoja dzaiumba Empire German, Karl Wolff aiva pakati nevaNazi. The SS uye NSDAP akapinda panzvimbo kunopera - muna 1931. Zvisinei, munguva pfupi upenyu akakwanisa kuwana mukurumbira sezvo remhepo, munhu nechivimbo uye ushamwari uyo aida chaizvo uye kuremekedzwa pasi. Mukutanga September 1933, iye akagadzwa mubatsiri kuti Genriha Gimmlera, ari Reichsfuehrer SS.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti zvehondo Volf Karl zvikuru kumbodzidza. chikoro chake chaiva hondo pachayo. Kutaura zvazviri, zvaitora kupfuura rwezvemabhengi, uye zvikurukuru, mari yacho SS. Kwaari zvakanga nyore kuita sezvaaimboitwa pedyo ukama vemabhizimisi kuti Germany. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, akava mukuru initiator kwezvisikwa inonzi SS Mug shamwari. Sangano iri zvinosanganisira kuva mutungamiriri makambani siyana, uye vanhuwo vagari kwete chete kutsigira mitemo Nazi, asiwo kubatsira nemari. Wolf akatora Zvinoshingaira pakasikwa zviratidzo SS, abuda achishandisa Teutonic zvitendwa.

batanidzo

Sezvo 1936, imwe pedyo yakabatana uye waunovimba pamusoro Himmler anova Karl Wolf. Ndiye kwemakore kunze kubatana pakati webasa rake uye Hitler. Himmler akanga chaizvo mushandi wake uye vaiona shamwari yake yepamwoyo. Izvi runoratidzwa ndechokuti Wolff vaimuperekedza zvinenge kwose kwose dzakawanda yenzendo, misangano uye kunyange pakashanya kuti "rufu mumisasa."

Muna 1943, ukama hwavo hwakaipa zvishoma. Chinokonzera bopoto wavo aiva nokurambana uye apiwa muchato Wolf. Asi, pasinei ichi, chivimbo yaHitler maari achiri risingaperi. In kuwa muna 1943 Wolf vakagamuchira kugadzwa itsva uye akaenda Italy. Pano anova mukuru Führer mapurisa uye SS, uye mwedzi miviri gare gare - ane chipangamazano yechiFascist hurumende Benito Mussolini.

kutanga Nhaurirano

Ruchifanoona kwava kuda pokuwa Third Reich, Schellenberg, pamwe chete Himmler akasarudza kumisa kuonana US ungwaru masangano. Uye zvakare muna basa bhiriji inomira zvose zvakafanana dzikaedzwa Wolff. Anokwanisa kusimbisa kutsvakwa kuonana naPapa Pius XII. Pakutanga March 1945 Wolf kuonana muna Ascona, Switzerland neboka vokuAmerica, inotungamirirwa Allen Dulles, apo ivo nezvokuzivikanwa Kuregwa Germany Army ari Apennines.

Nokuda kuti Washington uye Moscow panguva iyoyo vaiva vakabatana, March 12 vokuAmerica akasarudza kuudza Soviet Hurumende EU Nhaurirano. Kudzidza uku, Stalin vakarayira kuti chikamu mazviri uye vamiririri vake, asi akarambidzwa. Gare gare, US mumiriri kuti Soviet Union Harriman akatsanangura chisarudzo ichi nokutaura kuti United States vakatya pokuwa hurukuro nokuda zvisingagamuchirwi ezvinhu aigona kuvaparadzanisa vamiririri USSR.

The mukunopera

Zvichakadai, nerunyerekupe kuti Karl Wolff achiitisa munhu Nhaurirano vokuAmerica, uye vakasvika Bormann, vakaedza kushandisa ichi kwehwamanda kadhi iri mhuka yavo Genriha Gimmlera, uyo, pamwe Schellenberg akanga zvakafanana panguva yokupedzisira kuti aponese nhaurirano rikurumidze.

Munguva nhaurirano vokuAmerica havana kusiya chokwadi pamusoro masimba Wolf, uyewo SS anokwanisa kuronga chiitiko yakakura zvakadaro sezvo capitulation mauto German rimire munharaunda yechiFascist Italy. Izvi kusavimbana kwakakonzerwa nokuti dzakabatana German panguva akarayira Field Marshal A. Kesselring.

kusarenda

Kuti kubvisa achangopfuura nechokwadi vokuAmerica Wolff aifanira kupa avo matsva vatsigiri mepu mauto eNazi kuItaly. Mune ramangwana, zvinyorwa izvi zvakabatsira US kutanga zvakanaka chirongwa yakarwisa Peninsula.

Pakapera April 1945, apo rinokunda omubatanidzwa tsamwisa kuItaly, Wolf pakupedzisira zvose masimba anodiwa kuti kugumisa refu-akanga akamirirwa chibvumirano. April 29, iye Heinrich of Vietinghoff anosaina ose mashoko ose Kuregwa mauto eNazi muna Apennines.

The post-hondo Biography

Karl Wolff, zvinopesana pfungwa, mushure capitulation yeNazi Germany wayo basa nemauto omubatanidzwa wedzimwe havana kuvanza, asi nekusiyana, akanga achitarisira kuti ruregerero, uye kunyange vamwe muripo kubva vakundi. Kunyange munguva Nhaurirano kwakaitika Switzerland, akajekesa kuti pashure kuwa Hitler anotarisira kugamuchira munyika itsva hurumende pambiru nechomukati mufundisi German. Asi, zvinopesana ake tarisiro, akasungwa vokuAmerica muna 1946 uye mhosva muGermany.

The mutongo wakamurova makore mana ose yechibharo. Karl Wolff yakabudiswa muna 1949. Pasinei chokwadi kuti panguva kuvharirwa yake, iye varasikirwa nezvinhu zvose zviri pakutanga 1950s, zvinhu zvake zvakanaka yasvika pachiyero wezvibereko yakanakisisa makore ake.

yechipiri kusungwa

Richard Breitman, munyori wezvakaitika kare paHarvard University, akataura kuti nokuita Nhaurirano, vakatora nzvimbo pakupera hondo, uyewo chikumbiro Allen Dulles pachake, Wolff kufa. Zvikasadaro, aimbova mukuru Nazi, sezvo hondo wemhosva, vaizodzorerwa vakananga kurarama dhoku pana muNuremberg, pedyo ake ekare bhasi Kaltenbrunner. Kunyanya nokuda kuti mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany Vaiva nezvikonzero.

Seiko kuAmerica Hakunzarwo? Asi chokwadi ndechokuti mumamiriro ezvinhu Wolf aigona kuudza siyanei shanduro chokuita sei kuzvipira muItaly, uye Nhaurirano, iyo yaizova yakasiyana mukuru, hwaimiririrwa Allen Dulles. Mukuwedzera, pangava kuzivikanwa aimbova mukuru chinogona kukanganisa mukurumbira American Office Strategic Services, pahwaro iyo deginamajai akasika, uye kukonzera irreparable kukuvara yose omubatanidzwa mubatanidzwa.

Pfungwa iyi inoita kuti ichokwadi sezvo pakarepo mushure yokurega pamusoro Dulles, kwakaitika muna 1961 pamusana munhu akatadza kuedza kupinda vokuAmerica kuna Cuba, Karl Wolff akasungwa zvakare. Panguva ino, zviremera German vakaisa mberi kwaari mhosva abatsire uye abetting kuparadzwa vanopfuura zviuru 300. People. Pano yaiva mubvunzo yavakatapwa vachiendeswa vaJudha Polish mumisasa yevasungwa, iri pedyo nomusha Treblinka. Wolf, sezvo munhu kuti kutarisira Chokwadi, akaramba chero kubatanidzwa muna Holocaust, dzichishandisa yokukanganwa kwayo.

Makore mashoma kwakatora ari hearings iyi. Pakupedzisira, matongero akapiwa pasi September 1964: makore 15 ari mujeri. Zvisinei, Hitler yaichimbova General Karl Wolff akasunungurwa ipapa - muna 1971. Chikonzero okutanga kusunungurwa - nezvikonzero zvoutano. Akafa pakati July 1984 muguta Rosenheim (Bavaria, Germany).