Henry Valois 3: Biography uye ushe

– герцог Анжуйский (до 1574 г.), король Речи Посполитой (1573-1574 гг.), король Франции (с 1574 г.) и, наконец, последний из династии Валуа. Henry Valois 3 - Duke pakati Anjou (kusvika 1574), mambo wavana Commonwealth (1573-1574 gg.), Mambo France (kubvira 1574) uye, pakupedzisira, wokupedzisira Valois dzinza. Historians nemhosva mbiri vanoonga munhu uyu. Kwenguva refu aionekwa playboy, shamwari dzakavimbika vaiva zvakaipa nezvikanganiso. Zvisinei, vanotsvakurudza vane gare gare kuti Henry III akanga akasiyana chaizvo - mutongi akachenjera uye mberi. было таким же глупым, как и все религиозные войны. Kuuraya 3 Henry Valois akanga benzi sehondo zvose echitendero. Zvino zvose kuitira. Nhasi isu hatingazvirumbidzi kusendama kune rimwe kana rimwe kumisasa dzekare, asi chete kutarisa zvirokwazvo ndiro inonakidza munhu, kubva pfungwa nemaonero chokwadi.

udiki

September 19, 1551 mumhuri Henry II uye mwanakomana wake Ekateriny Medichi wechitatu akaberekwa. Akanzi Edward-Alexander uye pakarepo paakavapa ari "Duke pamusoro Anjou" title. Mikana kuti mukomana aizova Mambo, yakanga isina kujeka zvikuru, nekuti akanga akura maviri hama. With kwouduku zvipikiri Henry (harifaniri kuvhiringidzwa, yatinoti gamba redu saka), uyewo vamwe vana mumhuri, yakawanda kurwadziwa. By hama, aikudzwa nokudanana Mobile sika - vachitamba uye fence. Zvichida imhaka kurovedza muviri Genrih ros vakaoma Guy uye akava nedambudziko tibhii, iyo chakauraya nehama dzake nehanzvadzi. Chimbofungidzira: Vana gumi vakapona chete Ekaterinu Medichi, Henry naMargaret hanzvadzi yake duku.

youth

Kunze kutamba uye fence, Henry akada kuverenga achishingaira kudzidza mutauro wokuItaly uye zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe. Akanga zvikuru kushingaira uye zvikuru kwezvokufuka kupfuura hama, nokuti chii nokukurumidza akava kufarira amai. Akadana kwaari "gondo yangu shoma."

Muna 1560, panguva joust netsaona akauraya Henry II. nzvimbo yake pachigaro choushe akatora wedangwe mwanakomana - Francis II. Kana vachangobva mambo akafa nehosha, yakanga yatsiviwa mwanakomana wechipiri Catherine - Charles IX. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kwake nyika chaizvoizvo akamhanya Ekaterina Medichi (pa Regent Rights). Panguva iyoyo, akanga atova pachena kuti hazvisi sezvo Carl Teregiramu yaienda sezvo Henry. Nokuda ukama ichi pakati mbiri hama dzakaumbwa kwete yakanakisisa nzira.

Munguva kubva 1564 kusvika 1566 gamba nyaya yedu akaenda France pamwe zvose yamambo. Pavaifamba, akava shamwari Henry yeNavarre - yake.

The mazita okutanga

Muna 1566, Henry-makore 15 akanzi bhodhi nhatu Duchy. Kwapera gore, apo hondo yechitendero, akapiwa chinzvimbo refutenendi vakawanda uye akagadzwa mukuru mukuru wamambo mauto. Chokwadi, mukomana akabatsira vatungamiriri vemauto ruzivo, asi okupedzisira shoko, nguva dzose akasiya. Nokuda kwaizvozvi kutanga basa rake rehondo, Henry chakabereka mukurumbira ave mutungamiriri akachenjera. Kukonzerwa kune simba, pfungwa uye netarenda majaya varwi vamambo kanoverengeka akava unorema kukunda hondo Huguenots.

не любил ратное дело. Pasinei nokubudirira muchiuto, Henry Valois 3 asingade Feat kwezvombo. Kufanana mai vake, aiva mutsigiri achishandisa kugadzirisa kusawirirana murunyararo, uye vaida kuita zvematongerwo enyika. Nokukurumidza Catherine vakasimbirira kuti Henry akasimbisa pambiru parwendo mukuru, izvo zvinobudirira akamubvumira kuti vagoverane simba nemukoma wake uye amai.

Muna 1750, apo nevaKaturike vakanga akayanana Huguenots, paungano Charles IX akazviratidzawo Admiral Coligny - mutungamiri nevaPurotesitendi. Akakurumidza vakakwanisa kukunda pamusoro mambo, uye kunomuudza kunaka pfungwa idzva zvikapesana Spain. Nokuda simba Coligny musi Charles IX, Catherine uye Henry kwenguva yakati, vakarasikirwa zvavo political uremu. The Admiral aiva nhume pakati Protestant kunyika Europe (kunyanya Britain) uye Catholic France. Somugumisiro mutemo Coligny France akava yakasarurwa; hondo Spain kana imwe hondo yevagari vane Huguenots.

Maererano Masvomhu emauto zano, hondo itsva Spain aizounza France Fiasco. A resumption kusiyana zvechitendero zvikuru chisingadiwi kuti nyika simba nokuda kusagadzikana. Naizvozvo, kana kuedza kutanga kuuraya Coligny ndiye akasika Catherine uye Henry, vakaita vanozvisiyira gadziriro neHurumende zvido. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mazuva iwayo Europe dzaiva pfungwa yakakurumbira pamusoro Machiavelli. Catherine akagoverana navo uye vakaedza kuuya chete mweya vana. It ingangodaro maonero akadaro wakaratidzwa St. Bartholomew Zuva.

St. Bartholomew uye mwoyo

Mavhiki maviri asati zvinotyisa zviitiko yechinangwa kwokungosimbisa ukama pakati nevaPurotesitendi nevechechi yeRoma vaiva michato maviri. был обручен с Марией Киевской. Chokutanga izvi, mumwe vatungamiri Huguenots - Muchinda Conde - yakanga yatsidzira pamwe Maria Kiev. Iye akarerwa mweya kuchiPurotesitendi, asi kwemakore akawanda akanga padare Charles IX. Henry kwazvo akada Mary, asi amai vake havana kumutendera kutora musikana kuti mukadzi. Kunze kwaiva zvikonzero zviviri. Chekutanga, wakaberekwa Mary haana zvakakwana vanokudzwa. Uye chechipiri, vose vaiziva kuti iye anofanira kuva mukadzi wake, Muchinda of Conde. . Kutevera zvido amai veruzhinji kufarira, Henry Valois 3 muffled inzwi mwoyo.

Mushure vanotyisa hwokuuraya St. Bartholomew hondo idzva rechitendero vakava chisingadzivisiki. Huguenots vakasarudzwa sezvo nhare nhare La Rochelle kumaodzanyemba kweFrance. Henry III aifanira kudzokera zvehondo uye vasvike masvingo nhare February 1573 kumusoro wehondo yamambo. Kuedza kukombwa uye storming wakakombwa zvakaratidza maturo. Zvino mangwanani muzhizha, Henry aifanira abve masvingo La Rochelle muPoland. Kusaina "nokukurumidza" rugare chibvumirano, murume akaenda kunze kwenyika.

nzvimbo yepamusoro

Chii chakaita kukurumidzirwa ichi? Chokwadi kuti Henry III akasarudzwa mambo Poland. Catherine cranked uchinzvera ichi, sezvo akarwa. Last Korol Sigizmund II akafa uye akanga asiri venhaka. Kusarudza anotonga mutsva vakawira vokuPoland kwamachinda. Chechipiri kurwa kuti chepamusoro raiva Archduke Ernest Habsburg. Nokuda zvichangobva kuitika, mukurumbira poumambo French kuPoland akawira, nekuti pano vanhu vakawanda vachida Protestantism. Kunyange zvakadaro, Ekaterina Medichi akasarudza kuti choushe hachingatongovakuvadzi Henry. The mwanakomana pasarudzo, akaenda kuPoland Bishop Zhana De Montluc, vanoshanda nesimba kuti vave Mambo Poland Henry.

Pasina nguva zvakava pachena kuti vokuPoland kwamachinda, kusarudza mutongi wavo Henry III, mumuwanise chete aizviti simba. Izvi hazvina kufadza chinzvimbo mambo uye mai vake. Henry akatanga kusava nechokwadi vokuPoland choushe uye akatanga kuramba tichishanda Nhaurirano. In mukupera chirimo 1573 Mambo kwazvino France anotanga kurwadzisa uye kumanikidzwa kugadza mukoma wake, mugari wenhaka Korona. Chokwadi chokuti chete mwanakomana Charles IX aiva woupombwe, uye chakarongwa muchato akamupa chete mwanasikana. Muna December wegore iroro Henry achiri akatora vokuPoland choushe uye zvishoma nezvishoma vakasiya nyika yake yaakaberekerwa.

Chete muna January 1574 namambo mutsva akasvika muPoland, apo pasina akatora kwazvo kugadzwa kwake. сталкивается с целым рядом трудностей. Nokukurumidza Henry Valois 3 inotarisana nhamba nezvinetso. Chekutanga, paramende uye neDare akabata zvose simba mumaoko avo, izvo zvakakanganisa kuzvikudza gamba redu. Uye chechipiri, aida kuroora Princess Anne - hanzvadzi-gore 48-mutana mukupera mutongi. Kufadza vaanotonga, vachangotanga mambo akatanga kurarama somunhu Pole wechokwadi. Izvi akamutendera kuti awane nguva. Chii raizova inotevera, mumwe chete anogona kufunga, sezvo muzhizha 1754 anofa Charles ari IX, uye Henry, mazuva mana pashure kugamuchira tsamba kubva mai vake nhau anobva Poland muchivande.

Akachiva mumhanyi uye muchato

France, Henry akasvika pakutanga kwematsutso apedzera mumugwagwa yakawanda misangano uye Nhaurirano. Ikoko anodzidza kuti Muchinda Conde akatizira Germany, kwete achitsigirwa nomudzimai wake. Aimbova chido kwakamuka pakati bhokisi Henry III, uye akanga akatsunga kuyeuchidza Mary parizvino. Mother akaita zvose kunonoka nguva rokusangana yavo. Akanga rombo, nekuti pakupera October wegore iroro Maria akafa pakusununguka. Mashoko rufu rwomudiwa kunorwadza yakagamuchirwa Henry III, zvakazoita kuti mwoyo kwenguva refu. Courtiers, vajaira kuti tsika vakasununguka, uye vakamuseka mambo yemberi.

13 February zvinotevera gore, Henry III akanga korona. Mazuva maviri gare gare akada rusununguko kubva mai, akaroorwa Luize De Vodsmon, genus chaiva chakanaka chaizvo. Louise akanga kusimba akatendeka kumudzimai wake. The chete dambudziko akatarisana nemhuri itsva - nekusagona vana. Ungangove, Louise akanga asingabereki, asi vakararama Henry akapomera kwake, vachichema kushaya mubvandiripo vana, avo mumazuva iwayo zvaiva zvakajairika. Nemhaka iyi mambo akatanga kuita ngochani.

был глубоко убежден в том, что бесплодие – это божье наказание за случайные связи, в которых он не раз участвовал ранее. Mambo pachake vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata 3 Valois chaizvo nechokwadi chokuti mwana - ndiko kurangwa naMwari dzisiri dzemazuva ukama, umo iye kazhinji chikamu kare. Key kunyange Akapikira pachake varegedze mabasa akadaro ramangwana. Chikonzero chechipiri nei mambo kwainzi ngochani, aiva ake chinoshamisa maitiro. Henry III aiva kwezvokufuka chaizvo uye aifarira vapfeke, vanopfeka mhete, uyewo kushandisa rusenzi. . Wechitatu uye inonyanya kukosha nharo vachifarira makuhwa simbi EPS Henry 3 Valois. boka ravo raiva vana vechiduku akanakidzwa chairo nyasha mutongi. . Chii chakaita ukama hwakadaro - kana mukuru kubudirira asi ukama hwepedyo - aiziva 3 chete Henry Valois vake vateveri. We chete kuziva kuti favorite mubato tsamwisa maitiro kune vairemekedzwa. Kwavari, dzimwe nguva kunyange nokukanganiswa 3 Henry Valois. – один из фаворитов, служащий придворным шутом, – позволял себе говорить с монархом и его гостями, как с друзьями. Chico - mumwe vaaida, kushumira dare jester - aibvuma kutaura namambo uye vaenzi vake seshamwari. Zvino wakasimuka ndokuenda naro.

которого прекратились после женитьбы, имел нетрадиционную сексуальную ориентацию. Chero zvakanga, asi kwemazana emakore zvakanga vaidavira kuti Korol Genrih Valois 3, dzorudo enganonyorwa izvo zvikanyarara varoorana, akanga asiri zvetsika zvepabonde. Papera dzekare zvinombokunetsa nokusatya ichi. надолго укоренились в истории. Asi vateveri Henry Valois 3 zvachose midzi munhau.

nadzurudzo

Kuva akawana simba, richangobva akaita mambo France zvaida vaizotibata shanduko mune zvinhu mitero, uto nokuzvibata uye mitemo netsika. Zvisinei, nokuda kutorarama mamiriro ezvinhu ari mamiriro akanga asina nguva ezvidzidzo navo.

Muna 1576, pashure kwakadzama pamwe Huguenots, mambo akasaina mutemo, dzikapfeka rusununguko rwokunamata munyika yose France. Document Catholic akaita chisimba kuita. Ivo akasika sungano yavo, inotungamirwa Genrih Giz. Somugumisiro, kwave maviri anotevedzana hondo. Muna 1580, mamiriro ezvinhu akaita akagadzikana, uye mambo akatanga kuteerera zvikuru nechitendero. Iye kare aiva wechitendero zvikuru, asi iye zvino muchitendero Henry asvika kwamvura yacheka makumbo. vavengi vazhinji vakatenda kuti nenzira iyi ari kuedza kuvhara zvavaikanganisa. Nokufamba kwenguva, mambo akarongeka mbiri Fraternity, ane nhengo kuunganidza kamwe pavhiki kunyengetera uye kunyange kuita kuzvidzora kurwadziswa. Nokuti vakadaro kwazvo Henry chitendero rinonzi mambo-mumongi.

mumwe kubvuta masimba

Makore mana pashure rokupedzisira hondo yevagari vemo, zvaisafungidzirwa zvakaitika: Francis akafa - muduku munin'ina wamambo. Saka, mugari wenhaka pachigaro akava Genrih Navarrsky (Navarra dzekare ndakadana kwaari, kwete kuti kuvhiringidzwa Henry III). Mushure zvikuru kuzeza mambo yeNavarre vachiri kuzivikanwa amutsive. mugari wenhaka ichi Zviri haana kufanana Catholic League, sezvo vagara mutungamiriri Huguenots. Spain vakatsigira nevaKaturike. Saka, muna 1585 Korol Genrih 3 uye mai vake vakanga vari mapatya kutyisidzira (kwokunze uye zvemukati). Vaifanira kusaina ane mutemo wairambidza dzechiPurotesitendi dzechiAztec. Rwoga muNavarre akarasikirwa nomukana kuva mutsivi choushe. basa iri rave basa Cardinal Charles Bourbon.

MuNavarre akatanga kurwa, yainzi hondo vatatu Henry (Valois, muNavarre uye Giza). The King aiva mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, riri kunyanya kuwedzerwa October 20, 1587. In nhasi yeNavarre akakunda makatorike pasi Kotre. лишь благодаря своей хитрости смог уберечь католиков от полного краха. Mambo France Henry Valois 3 chete nokuda nemanomano ake aigona kudzivirira vaKaturike kubva pokuwa zvachose. Akaripira noutsinye varwi vaya panguva inokosha hondo ichidzokera. Naizvozvo, pashure pokukundwa pana Kotre King ndakanga zvakare nemasaini mutemo rusununguko kudavirwa.

Mutemo kwakamutsa okutsutsumwa pakati vagari vanotova havana kufara kwazvo mutongi wavo. Chaaipomerwa zvose matambudziko - zvose paruzhinji uye pasiri paruzhinji. Genrih Giz akanakidzwa mukurumbira mukuru pakati voruzhinji. Somugumisiro, May 12, 1588 achinyepera sangano kupandukira. zuva rino kuti gare gare kunzi "zuva kwezvinovharidzira." Catherine akaratidza tarenda ake enyika kamwe zvakare. It akapinda kuramba tichishanda akurukure nevapanduki, uye nokudaro akunda Heinrich nguva kuruboshwe Paris. Gare gare, iye akatanga kuitwa mwanakomana wamambo hanzvadzi yake, iye mwanakomana womunun'una Giza. Zvinenge sangana zvido maviri Henry.

King aifanira kuteerera Catholic League uye kuita Giza Lt.-Gen. On ichi nzira achinyepera simba chete inokura. Vakanga pasi nokuninipiswa kuramba mambo uye akatuma pachena kuti wemamongi. которого стала предметом нашего сегодняшнего разговора, не намерен был сдаваться. Pasinei pachena pasi, 3 Henry Valois, ane Biography aiva nyaya kukurukura kwedu nhasi, akanga asiri kuenda mapfumo.

Riposte uye ahwo

nguva Chakanaka kutsiva kwakamboitwa mukupera muzhizha 1588. Armáda Spanish Fiasco muhondo chete Chirungu rengarava uye kuvhiringidzika kubva vatsigire Catholic League. Pausiku 23 24 August Heinrich 3 akarayira kuuraya achinyepera uye mukoma wake. Izvi zvakaita kuti chikuru nokumukira. League vaKaturike akatora simba muParis mumaoko avo, uye mambo aifanira kuenda kuti kubatana muNavarre. Vaviri Henry akaenda kundorwa namaguta vakapanduka.

Giza hama avanzwire tsitsi, uye vapristi vechiKaturike akakurudzira vomuchechi kutsiva. Ndakatanga kutsvaka munhu akakwanisa kuva "ruoko ruramisiro yaMwari." Find wacho chaiva nyore pakati vanonyanyisa Catholic. Ivo vakava mumongi-makore 22 Zhak Kleman.

Zvichakadai, mauto Henry akakomberedza Paris. musasa Royal vakanga vagara mutaundi Saint-Cloud. Jacques yakasvikako musi 31 Nyamavhuvhu. Calling pachake nhume League vaKaturike, vakakumbira youmambo vateereri. Mambo, uyo aigara achiedza kuva Wenyika, akabvuma mumongi. Mune mipendero yenguo yake Clement yakavanzwa nemapanga. Kuzosangana namambo, Jacques akaswedera kwaari vazopa tsamba kubva League. Panguva iyi, akabhadhara Henry ane matambudziko mashoma munondo mudumbu. Vera Klemana ndiMwari chiito chake kwaiva kukuru kwazvo zvokuti haana kuedza kunyange kutiza. Security, akauya achimhanya kuna kuchema namambo, ini nditsive mumongi.

было предоставлено дилетанту, поэтому король скончался лишь на следующий день. Kuuraya 3 Henry Valois akapiwa mudzidzi, saka mambo akanga afa chete mangwana. Asati kufa, iye akapa chigaro yeNavarre. , поэтому другого выбора у него не было. Henry 3 - wokupedzisira Valois, saka kusarudza haana. Mutsivi, akanyevera kuti agumise zvitendero kukakavara uye vanotevedzera kutenda Catholic. MuNavarre zano, asi pashure 4 makore.

mhedziso

которого стала темой данной статьи, был неординарным правителем, полководцем, героем балов и знатоком религии, который вызывает двоякие эмоции. 3 Henry Valois, ane Biography aiva nyaya ino, aiva zvinoshamisa mutongi, mutungamiri, gamba balls uye nyanzvi chitendero, izvo chinoita zviviri manzwiro. Zvisinei, chokwadi chokuti akaita zvinhu zvakawanda kare kukosha muupenyu hwangu hazvirambiki. Henry aiva wekupedzisira imba youmambo, rakatonga makore 261, uye izvi pasinei nokuti akanga yakawanda hama nehanzvadzi. которого перечислены в начале статьи, успел пережить 9 гражданских войн. 3 Henry Valois, ushe iyo akarongwa kwokutanga munyaya ino, aifanira kuenda kuburikidza 9 hondo. For 27 makore 38 oupenyu varume skirmishes vechitendero kwakaitika. A kupondwa Giza ndeimwe enyika yakakurumbira kuurayiwa munhau. Ndicho chikonzero mabhuku akawanda kudaro aibudisa Henry Valois 3. Doc. о нем тоже есть. Firimu nezvake, zvakare.