Homo habilis (Homo habilis) - murume unyanzvi: characterization Ezvemutauro

For masayendisiti, Homo habilis (Homo habilis) chimwe chezvinhu dzichipesana nhengo dzevanhu kwemarudzi. Izvi imhaka yokuti, kunyange multiple paleontological anowana, vaisagona zvakajeka kusarudza nzvimbo yake pamusoro shanduka pamuti. Asi nhasi yakananga ukama dzaro munhu hazvirambiki.

Amazing Kuwanikwa Faces kwevarume

Louis uye Meri Liki vaiva vanodzidza nezvavanhu kune pfupa. Shamwari dzavo kazhinji vaitoseka nezvokuti ndiani vangada - science kana mumwe. Zvechokwadi, mhuri masayendisiti vanopedza zvose zvavo nguva kudzidza zvisaririra uye vakawanda matongo Zvakafukunurwa, iyo vakaita mumativi ose enyika.

Vakasvika pamusoro chii aizova mumwe kupfuura dzichipesana Zvakawanikwa kubva XX remakore muna November 1960. Kuva pamusoro Zvakafukunurwa pana Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania), vaviri vakachera vakasimudza zvakanaka akachengetedzwa marangwanda ane Saber-toothed ingwe. Zvaizoratidza sokuti ave kuda ichi zvakawanikwa? Asi kwete, hunoita parutivi chii chakaita mwoyo yavo kurova kane zana nokukurumidza.

In vaviri matanho kubva tiger vakaona zvasara risingazivikanwi sayenzi hominid. Pakati pavo paiva chaenga pakati dehenya, bondo uye gumbo. Pashure pokunyatsofeya kuongorora mapfupa, vaviri Leakey vakasvika pakugumisa kuti pamberi pavo aiva mwana makore 10-12, uyo akafa anopfuura mamiriyoni 2 years ago, izvo chinowanzoitika kunge baba rwose rwevanhu.

Homo habilis: mamirire mhando

Nakhodka Louis uye Mariya aiva wekutanga asi kwete yokupedzisira. Nokukurumidza vamwe vanochera matongo akatanga kuchera kubva dzasara Homo habilis. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvinenge zvose mapfupa hominid akawanikwa mu South uye East Africa. Nezvenyaya iyi, masayendisiti vakagumisa kuti mhando akaonekwa idzi, uye chete kumavirazuva waro kuvapo, haana akatamira kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Vakapiwa makore mapfupa yakawanikwa, zviri pachena kuti wokutanga Homo habilis akazviratidza anenge mamiriyoni 2,5 akapfuura. zvimwe shanduka Its dzikasatora asingasviki zviuru 600. Years. Asi kuti haukoshi. Where zviri kuziva kuti kare aya aiziva sei kumira namakumbo maviri, sezvinoratidzwa nezvigunwe, vakauya pamwe chete.

The vamwe homo habilis zvakawanda sezvinoita netsoko kupfuura vanhu. Paavhareji, kukura kwayo haana kupfuudza 130 cm uye uremu vanofanira siyana pakati 30-50 makirogiramu. On pakanyorwa muviri akamira zvakasimba maoko refu, iyo iri ichangopfuura kare yakabatsira zvikuru netsoko kukwira miti. Zvisinei, sezvo mhando dzavo yokumusoro yayo ungaderedza uye pasi, nekusiyana, kuva tsandanyama.

ukama

Nokuti anoda kusvika hafu yezana remakore kwave zvikuru gakava pamusoro chii basa iri basa Homo habilis ari hombe kuita shanduka. We chete kuziva kuti iye akaonekwa pakunovira australopithecine kuvapo. Vakapiwa zvakafanana dzavo zhinji, masayendisiti vakagumisa kuti Homo habilis akanga akatevera nzendo ane nokutsakatika kwemarudzi. Zvisinei, pane avo vanodavira kuti vari vaviri vakasiyana zvachose hominid vane tateguru kare.

No zvishoma pamakakatanwa ndiyo mubvunzo Homo habilis nhaka. Maererano Standard Version, akanga Anotsiviwa Homo erectus - muzukuru womunhu uti twasu wokutanga. Uchapupu dzidziso iyi ndiyo zvakafanana. akawana zvisaririra, uyewo avo nguva mapuranga, umo maiva vaviri siyana.

Chinhu yakachinja nyika

Pasinei zvose gakava, mumwe chokwadi hwagara kumbochinja. Nomusi apo wokutanga Homo habilis, nyika achinja zvachose. The chikonzero - unyanzvi itsva kuti kunokwidziridza hominids izvi kupfuura zvimwe zvisikwa, kureva kukwanisa kufunga zvine musoro.

nokuchinja kwakafanana kwakaitika nokuti kuti uropi hwomunhu ane unyanzvi yekudyidzana yakawedzera kukura zvichienzaniswa madzitateguru avo. Paavhareji, zvikava inenge 500-700 CC, yaiva tsvarakadenga anoshamisa zvinodiwa avo. Uyezve, akashandura ayo mamiriro: kurutivi occipital chikamu, basa zvaisazogona, ungaderedza, uye frontal, zvenyama parietal nekusiyana, kuwedzera kukura.

Asi zvikuru chaizvo waiva kuwanikwa kuti uropi Homo habilis, zvinoitika, aiva kutanga munharaunda poran vake. Uye, sokuziva kuti sayenzi, ndiko nemanda iri anokonzera kutaura kugadzira. Uye, Ungangove, hominids izvi kutanga kushandisa mubatanidzwa mazwi uye gare gare akakura mumutauro dzakazara.

Features mararamiro

Kusiyana nemadzitateguru avo, Homo habilis Kashoma kukwira miti. Zvino aimbova "House" akashanda se mungabva zvokudya uye kwekanguva pokugara kuzorora. Chikonzero ichi chaiva deformation pakati hadzi yayo, izvo dzakashandisa ya kuchinja pasi, asi nekuda ichi vakafirwa kwavo kwakasimba. Asi sezvo utiziro unyanzvi vanhu kuwedzera vakatanga kushandisa nebako anogona kudzivirira kubva okunze uye nezvikara.

Zvisinei, pane imwe nguva yorudzi hominids kashoma kunonoka, kunyanya kana hwakanga mhuri dzakawanda. Uye zvose nekuti madzibaba edu havana kuziva sei achikura zvokudya, uye zviwanikwa zviri kwezvinoshandiswa zvakare nokukurumidza. Naizvozvo, vakanga zvikurukuru anongofamba upenyu, kutamira kunzvimbo mumwe.

mumagariro mamiriro

Masayendisiti anodavira kuti ari wedzinza Homo habilis aivapo mumwe akanyatsorongwa uye weboka mabasa. Zvikurukuru varume vaita kuvhima nokuredza hove, uye vakadzi achiunganidza michero uye howa. Saka zvose zvinogadzirwa vakawana rudzi zvakafanana pekupedzisira pakati pavo, nokudaro kufudza vana uye vakaremara vanhu.

masayendisiti zvakare kuti vanodavira kuti musoro wemurume umwe neumwe pakanga mutungamiri mumwe. Nokutaura kwakadaro kunobva pfungwa pane zvinhu sezvazviri. Asi nyanzvi dzakawanda akanamatirana nayo, sezvo yakadaro maitiro muenzaniso hunhu zvinenge zvose netsoko zvikuru.

Ezvemutauro Homo habilis

Iyi mhando hakusi pasina anonzi Homo habilis. In chokwadi, aiva mumiriri wevanhu vokutanga, takadzidza kushandisa uye zvibereko zvakasiyana-siyana. Chokwadi, unhu uye siyana ari murombo chaizvo, asi chokwadi chokuvapo ndege - munhu kubudirira kukuru.

All zvokushandisa zvakaitwa namabwe kana pfupa, wakarodzwa pamusoro zvimwe zvinhu. Kakawanda, vanochera matongo akasvika scrapers uye mapanga kuti anoshandiswa zvakajeka kuti vachiuraya nyama. Kushandisa zvinhu zvakadaro kwakaita kuti chokwadi kuti pamusoro rinotevera 500 zviuru. Makore Kushanduka Homo habilis bhurasho pachishandurwa zvachose kupinda yemichindwe, kukwanisa kuchengeta zvinhu zvakasimba.