Klement Gottwald - Czechoslovak Stalin

Klement Gottwald, mumwe wokutanga Czechoslovak yeutongi enyika. Iyewo akashanyira bato mutungamiri uye wemakurukota, uye mutungamiri wenyika iyi. Kwekanguva paiva kunyange kunamatwa Gottwald uye muviri wake akaomeswa uye akatanga nyaya paruzhinji kuratidzwa mune mausoleum. zita rake ainzi guta uye mumigwagwa havasi chete pamba asiwo mune dzimwe nyika. Asi sixties remakore rechimakumi maviri zvikazikamwa sezvo Czechoslovak Stalin. Ngatitorei Kutarira Biography mugwaro iri.

Adolescence uye vokutanga matanho sezvo mutungamiri

Klement Gottwald akaberekwa muna 1896 muna rweAustro-Hungary guta Wischau (iye zvino Czech Republic uye akashevedza Deditse). Akakurira mumhuri murimi mudiki, akanga asina kuroorwa. In pauduku hwake, remangwana enyika aishanda foromani pamusoro tsvuku muti, vakadzidza muVienna. Muna 1912 iye akabatana Social Democratic Party. Iye akanzi kupinda rweAustro-Hungary hondo panguva World War First, vakarwa kumabvazuva mberi. Muna 1921, akava mumwe havaoni zviri Communist Party uye akabatsira Bhuku pepanhau rayo muBratislava.

yasimuka

Careers ari mutungamiri aizotevera Czechoslovakia anotanga nokukurumidza kukwira nemakore maviri remakore rechimakumi maviri. Muna 1925 iye akasarudzwa kuti Central Committee of Party, uye muna 1929 akava Secretary-General. Mugore iroro Gottwald nhumwa kuna National Assembly of Czechoslovakia sechinhu MP. Muna 1935 iye akaitwa munyori Comintern uye kusiya pambiru chete pashure pokufa ekupedzisira muna 1943. Pashure ivo Munich Agreement 1938, Klement Gottwald akaenda Soviet Union, apo akapedza anotevera makore manomwe muutapwa chokwadi. Kubva ipapo, iye anotanga kutungamirira yechiKomonisiti nemishonga muCzechoslovakia.

Enyika Klement Gottwald: a Biography pakati mutungamiri webato

Muna March 1945, Eduard Benes, purezidhendi pre-hondo uye musoro hurumende-mu-nhapwa kuLondon kubva 1941, akabvuma aumbe National Front vachishanda pamwe vaKomonisiti. Gottwald kana ichi ngaakuitirei akaenda pambiru Mutevedzeri wehurumende. Kana pati mabasa, akapa pambiru General Secretary Rudolf Slansky, uye akatora itsva chinzvimbo sachigaro.

Muna 1946 sarudzo akatungamirira rake rehondo enyika paramende pamwe matatu namasere muzana vhoti. Yakanga yakanaka mugumisiro munhoroondo Communist Czechoslovakia. Asi muzhizha 1947, zvinobatsira bato iri yakatanga kunaya nokukurumidza, uye vanocherechedza vazhinji vaifunga kuti Gottwald vaizorasikirwa nzvimbo yake. Panguva iyoyo Italy uye France vakatanga kumanikidza vaKomonisiti kubva wemasangano hurumende, uye Iosif Stalin zano Gottwald kuita chinhu kuramba simba simba rimwe chete. Yose yakati, wezvematongerwe enyika vachinyepedzera kushanda muhurumende. Kutaura zvazviri, akanga achigadzirira rangano. The mutambo waiva pamusoro muna February 1948, apo Cabinet vashumiri akarayira Interior Gurukota Nosek Vaslav kurega uchiwana simba zvivako chete vaKomonisiti. Akaramba achitsigirwa Gottwald. Ipapo 12 ehurumende basa. Gottwald pangozi Kazhinji wavanozvisunga kwakaitika pamusoro pavo vaKomonisiti. Benes akaedza kurwisa, asi pasi nokutyisidzirwa Soviet nechisimba mumaoko. Kubvira musi Klement Gottwald akava munhu simba kupfuura muCzechoslovakia.

Pamusoro simba

May 9, 1948 National Assembly kushandisa Constitution itsva munyika. Aiva saka procommunist kuti Beneš kusaina nayo. Muna June, iye akaoneka mazuva mashomanana gare gare Gottwald akasarudzwa mutungamiri. Pakutanga, mutungamiriri mutsva munyika vakaedza kuchengetedza quasi-akazvimiririra mutemo, asi pashure musangano pamwe Stalin payakakurudzirwa achinja kosi. Klement Gottwald, uyo akatanga kudhinda mapikicha ari pamapeji pamberi zvose mapepanhau of Czechoslovakia, munguva pfupi yose nyika nationalized bhizimisi uye collectivized kurima zvose. Hurumende yakatanga yakasimba kuramba kuchinja kwakadaro. Ipapo Gottwald anotanga kuita okuchenesa. Chokutanga, iye achivabudisa hurumende uye asunge vose vaya vakanga isiri vaKomonisiti, uye ipapo nebato rake, asina kubvumirana naye. The vanobatwa purges izvi vakatanga Rudolf Slansky uye Minister Foreign Vlado Clementis (pena muna 1952), uyewo mazana vamwe vanhu vakaurayiwa kana mujeri. Czech munyori Milan Kundera , kwake "muBhuku Kuseka uye yokukanganwa" anotaura nyaya, iri tsika kuti mutungamiri paitonga Stalin mhando, sezvinoita enyika Klement Gottwald. Fungidzira pamusoro February 21, 1948 unoratidza President akamira pedyo Vlado Clementis. Kana makore maviri gare gare pamusoro ekupedzisira vakanga mhosva hurumende, mufananidzo aimbova mufundisi akaurayiwa nehurumende manyepo.

Rufu. Czechoslovakia pashure Gottwald

Kwemakore anoverengeka, policies vakatambura kubva mwoyo chirwere. Vanechitsama mazuva pashure pokupinda mariro Stalin muna 1953 iye akarwara. Akafa March 14, 1956, ava nemakore makumi mashanu nematanhatu makore. muviri wake akaomeswa akaiswa mausoleum, uye vakatanga kunamatwa unhu hwake munyika. Asi makore matanhatu gare gare, akanga cremated uye reburied mune namahwindo pabhokisi. Vanoti kuti muviri akatanga anoora, nekuti masayendisiti miscalculated murwiyo kuti kuvigwa. Uye pashure kuguma komiyunizimu munyika madota vake zvasara nevamwe vatungamiriri dzebato makumi maviri vakanga reburied ari muguva panguva Prague yemakuva Olshany. Mukupera eighties remakore rechimakumi maviri kwaiva kuedza kudhinda mufananidzo pake muCzech bhengi manotsi, asi chaionekwa saka isakarurama, kuti vose mabhiri izvi wakasuduruka kushandiswa.