Ko iwe kuzodana tsvuku enhunzi pamwe Dots vatema?

vanhu vazhinji vanoyemura zvipembenene havana suspecting kuti vamwe vavo kukonzera huru kukuvara zvirimwa zvokurima. Total munyika pane zvuru 760 mhando dzakasiyana tumbuyu, kusanganisira zvipembenene -. Vanopfuura zviuru 300.

3 suborder inokamukana yokuzviparadzanisa zvipembenene - zvipembenene yekare, Mbeswa uye raznoyadnye. Muzana rokutanga, zvikuru kumiririrwa kare, pane vashomanana gumi rudzi huripo nhasi, asi pokutangira mamwe maviri. Pakati yakadaro siyana zvakasvibirira kumira kubva pamusoro yaitwa dzvuku zvipembenene vane mavara matema, ndiEzekieri, rikasviba tsvuku makwapa.

Nyaya rinoratidza ruzivo pamusoro anonyanya uye kakawanda vavo.

General ruzivo pamusoro bug

Tisati kutarira sei dzinonzi tsvuku zvipembenene vane mavara matema, tinoziva ndedzipi nezvipembenene - zvipembenene.

Ndiwo kupfuura siyana uye siyana rezvipembenene kuti kurarama munenge munyika dzose okukurukura panyika uye mvura - iri achinaya mvura, mumarenje, makomo, masango, mvura yakachena, uye kunyange yokugara kwevanhu.

Tisingatauri zvipembenene siyana zvikuru nechitarisiko uye kukura. Vamwe vanhu vari kudaro wenhamo havagoni kuona, vamwe, dzakadai Goriati beetles, unogona kusvika 15 masendimita pakureba.

Avilable zvipembenene

Red ngoko vane mavara matema pamapapiro (dzaitaurwa Photo pazasi), uyewo dzimwe mhando dzose zvipembenene, ine STRUCTURAL zvinhu. The chikuru runoratidza zvipembenene - simba uye vanachandagwinyira mberi fenders (kana bapiro nyaya), ari akapeta hurumende kuumba chitinous goko chinodzivirira kwazvo rechipiri peya wamapapiro - webbed.

Munyika zvisikwa zvakawanda saka vanoda kuti adye zvipembenene kuti aifanira kuwana kechipiri zvakaoma chitin dzokurwa kudzivirira muviri. Kufanana zvipembenene zvose, zvipembenene vane musoro, thorax (dumbu) uye muchipfuva. pashaya dzavo (mbiri matatu) vanoonekwa nesimba akanyanyisa uye mukurumari. zvipembenene Most vane chiratidzo chakanaka, asi kunyanya ivo vanovimba vasanonoka zvomukati havambozivi - tunonzwa dziri kumativi misoro yavo.

Heart atora mukati mudumbu, uye runochengetedzwa yakasimba rumbabvu ndiro (pronotum). Also huri mudumbu intestinal turakiti, mudumbu uye yose kufema hurongwa.

zvipembenene vakawanda majoko maviri mapapiro, iro rinoshandiswa kubhururuka yakaderera, zvakavigwa imwe nokugara nzvimbo pasi chitin elytra. Usati dzinobhururuka, ngoko bapiro nyaya vachimutsa, uye chete ipapo anopararira kusimba, matete mapapiro.

Kungofanana nomune dzimwe tumbuyu, zvipembenene vane 6 makumbo vasiyana thoracal hunde.

Family Ladybugs

Izvi akanaka vaduku notupukanana vanoziva kunyange vana vaduku. Vari zvinozivikanwa nokuda kwokushaya kwavo nokutya vanhu vavo ruvara rwakati piriviri kutsvuka.

Mostly kuzivikanwa Kapukanana (dzvuku beetles pamwe mavara matema), nomwe-mavara, kunyange zvavo mhando kusiyana kuri rakakura.

In yose, nyika 5200 marudzi wemhuri ladybugs uchitanga Coleoptera. Saka hama dzavo - siyana pamusoro zvipembenene. Vamwe vanhu vane yakatsvuka pamwe Dots dema, pane dzimwe pfungwa dziri irregularly zvakaumbwa mavara, uye vamwe - nhema Red makwapa. Very kashoma, asi pane ladybugs monochrome, pamwe dema ruvara.

Description Kapukanana

Izvi duku dzvuku zvipembenene dema makwapa (Photo kunogona kuonekwa pazasi) ane woita convex muviri. Rezasi chikamu muviri zvachose sandara. Yekushandisa ruvara mavari - red, vatema yellow zvakasiyana mavara. Musoro muduku. Makumbo mapfupi, mutete, dema. Muviri kureba 5-8 mm.

In kuine mamiriro okunze, kworudo kupisa-tumbuyu zvinoshingaira: Kurumidza kukambaira, akakurumidza kubvisa uye ugare pasi zvakare pamusoro zvirimwa dzichitsvaka zvokudya. Flight kwavari zviri nyore chaizvo, kutsanya uye noiseless.

Kazhinji, vakaurayiwa ladybugs - anononoka-uchifamba tumbuyu, uye saka vachivhimei kwavari chete vachidya akuvara.

Distribution, kunyanya

Common ladybugs pose. Vanorarama mumakondinendi ose kunze Antarctica. Ladybugs vagere akazaruka dzezvimwe pamwe herbaceous uswa - mapindu, Mafuro, dondo micheto, nomumatondo, runenge - yomudondo. Masumbu vanoumba chete kana chando, uye kugara oga. Uchitsvaka zvokudya kambaira pamusoro mashizha madzinde yemiti, uye anogona kunyange kubhururuka pamusoro madaro marefu.

The peculiarity pamusoro notupukanana izvi ndechokuti kana njodzi ivo emit zvikuru nehasha hwema, uturu, yellowish mvura kuti haukwezvi vavengi. mhando chete mashomanana zvipembenene izvi zvinokuvadza zvirimwa. Vamwe (dzinodya dzimwe mhando) kuparadza mealybugs, inda dzemuriwo, uye zvimwe zvipukanana psyllites miriwo uye Horticultural zvirimwa.

Kwete nguva dzose Kapukanana - red beetles pamwe Dots dema (mufananidzo zvinoratidza). Zvimwe mhando vane yero nemapfekero Dots dema, mumwe vakarondedzera rikasviba tsvuku Dots. Pane ladybugs kunyange chena! izvi zvose - vechiduku, achangobva yakabuda chrysalis ayo. Adult, zvakajairika coloring ivo vanowana pashure pemaawa mashomanana pashure pokuberekwa.

mhando

Pakati mazhinji ezvinhu ladybugs kune, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kwete chete tsvuku zvipembenene vane mavara matema, asi vatema uye tsvuku makara mberi.

1. Korovka chetyrehpyatnistaya - Black beetles pamwe 4 huru tsvuku makwapa pamusoro elytra uye muviri nokureba 6 mm. Izvi ubiquitous dzose fomu. Vanoparadza nyuchi ndakagara Tupukanana izvo muchayamwa facial kubva miti: mealybugs, pakafunuka zvipembenene Hermes.
2. NaAdharia bipunctata - unochinja ruvara chitarisiko. Kazhinji ichi ndicho zvipembenene dema pronotum uye elytra mutsvuku, mumwe ane dema nzvimbo. The muviri ane kureba 5 mm. Nokubvisa makashu (zvipembenene uye mazana) inda dzemuriwo.
3. Kapukanana Shirokolobov - black beetles maviri tsvuku makwapa pamusoro elytra. The muviri yakafukidzwa 3 mm refu bvudzi. Uye mazana uye zvipembenene uchidzidza pamwero tumbuyu uye inda dzemuriwo, uye nokuda uzere kutenderera ayo kukura, mumwe ngoko anogona kuparadza tupukanana inopfuura 600.

Red ngoko pamwe mavara matema

Musoro wake tsikidzi-musoja. Izvi Tupukanana dzvuku rizivikanwe anenge munhu wose, nokuti anogara pedyo murume.

zvipembenene izvi vane inopenya matema uye tsvuku coloring, anogona kukura kuti kureba 12 millimeters. Havagoni kubhururuka, saka havana mapapiro. Kunyange varipo kunze.

The mazana kuti ngoko ichi anotarisa zvikuru zvakafanana mukuru nezvipembenene.

Distribution uye maitiro nemasoja

Zvipembenene kugara Eurasia mu dzinodziya dzinodengenyeka, uye vari rinowanikwawo North Africa uye North America. Tsikidzi anogona kuonekwa panguva chero nguva yegore asi chando. Kunyanya yakawanda navo muchirimo apo zuva rematsutso zvakanaka. Vanogara mumapoka maduku akazaruka dzezvimwe.

Miti tsvuku zvipembenene vane mavara matema vanonyanya yekare kuhukura. Vari riri anodzora mapuranga pamusoro zvidhina pamadziro, uye kunyange mudzimba anogona kuonekwa kumaruwa. At paro, tupukanana aya zvachose isingakuvadzi.

Murwiyo ravo kudya - zvibereko, izvo pasi, mbeu, chirimwa muto. Dzinonyanya chinhu ndechokuti dzimwe nguva vadye hama dzavo, kana kugara guru dzaitongwa.

Mukupera kwematsutso kuti zvipembenene ane dzvuku musana uye matema makwapa musiwa yechando pasi mashizha akawa, pasi nemakwati miti uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo, anodzivirira mhepo uye zvikuru chando. Masoja yechando kana kupinda vakura pavaipfuura Tupukanana. Nature akavapa munhuwi zvakaipa kaza dzinongoitika vavengi.

Meloidae Schrenk

By tsvuku zvipembenene pamwe Dots vatema anogona kunzi ngoko - Meloidae Schrenk. Zviri nyore kucherechedzwa nenzira kwayo nevamwe inopenya chitarisiko. Nadkrylniki nayo tsvuku kana orenji ruvara, pamwe chinjikira mavanga uye dema makwapa. Gobvu mvere muviri zvakasiyana.

On jeka mazuva, zvipembenene izvi zvinogona kuonekwa akagara imwe kana vashomanana pamusoro maruva. vari kazhinji kunonoka uye usimbe. The mazana vane zvakawanda Mobile kupfuura vakuru. Chichipinda nemhashu zai pods vachadya mazai avo.

Zvipembenene izvi akamuka zita raro nokuti kuti muchetura (cantharidin) huri muropa ravo, zvinoshatirisa ganda zvakasimba uye anoita pakuonekwa matema emvura (abscesses). It zvingaitika kuti mhuka yakamedza pamwe uswa namapute enhunzi, vanorwara uye vanofa.

mhedziso

Pakati hombe siyana zvipembenene zvakasikwa pedyo vanhu uye sezvinooneka inofadza uye akanaka ladybugs vari.

Navo Rinobatanidzwa pauduku, apo zvipembenene pachavo kugara pasina kutya muzvanza chevana, uye vana akavabvunza nendege kune "nebko" zvokudya vana. nguva dzose Zvipembenene akanaka aya kufarira nyaya vana, nekuti ivo nyore kuti pakuongorora.

Varungu coloring Kapukanana zvakadai zvichishandurwa sezvinotevera: kutsuka chiyeuchidzo nekuchiva kwaKristu, uye nhema Dots chokuita nenjodzi manomwe Our Lady.