Juniors: age. Kuvandudzwa kwemitambo yevechidiki

Ndivanaani vari junior? Inguva yei iyi? Izvi zvichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

Munyika ino tsika yemakwikwi vatambi vanopatsanurwa muzera remakore. Izvi zvinoitwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chokuti makwikwi acho anonyatsojeka, uye vatori vechikamu ivo pachavo vanofuridzirwa nekurwisana kwakanaka nevezera ravo kuti vabudirire mhinduro dzakakwirira. Mushure mechizvarwa chechidiki (chikoro), kwaunogona kutotanga kuona vatambi vanoita basa vakasarudza zvakasimba kupfuurira zvidzidzo zvavo mumutambo wakasarudzwa, wechikoro chezera rinotevera ndivana vechidiki.

Age of juniors

Maererano nemitemo yakasimbiswa muInternational Federation of Athletics Federations (IAAF), zera remakore maduku rinongopera makore makumi mana nemana, asi kwete. Mupikisano unonzi uri muduku kana ane makore ari pasi pemakore makumi maviri kubva paDecember 31 wegore remakwikwi. Mune dzimwe mitambo muboka rezera re "junior" rinogona kunge risina kana kana kusvika kusvika kumakore makumi maviri nemaviri. Izvo zvinoenderana nekukurumidza kwechikwata chomutambi wacho chechimiro chepamusoro. Mune dzimwe mimwe mitambo yakanyorwa zvakakurumidza, mune imwe iyo inononoka, saka kupatsanurwa kuva varume vechidiki nevechidiki mumasangano akasiyana-siyana kunosimbiswa nenzira dzakasiyana.

Track uye mashizha emitambo mu "junior"

Kuti uwane kunzwisisa zvakanyanya uye kuenzanisira kwemigumisiro yezvizvarwa zvezvizvarwa, tichazoongorora kukwikwidzana kwepasi rose pakati pevajuni mumitambo. Aya ndiwo makwikwi anonakidza, apo pachinenge pasine chido chakasimba chekubhadhara mari. Vose vechidiki vanobatana vane makwikwi ekutambisa mweya unobatsira. Pazera iri kune kakatova rekusimudza kuyerwa-ramba uchienderera mberi zvakanyanya kumitambo kune unyanzvi hwepamusoro, uchienda kune munhu mukuru, kana kuti usiye zvakanaka zvakanaka uye urambe uri pamwero wekuchengetedza chimiro chemuviri. Pamusoro peiyo anenge ari mudiki wese anofunga nezvayo. Mitambo, kunyanya munhu mukuru, haisi nyore.

Avo vanozopedzisira vachisarudza kuramba vachivandudza zvavakaita, kana pasina kukwana kwakakwana kumakwikwi emakambani pakati pevakwegura, munogona kutamba mumakwikwi emamiti, mitambo yakasiyana uye kunyange mukurumbira pakutanga kweveterans.

Makwikwi emitambo pakati pejuni anosungirwa kumakondinendi akasiyana-siyana pasi rose. Vakatanga nevana vechikoro kana vechidiki mumitambo yevechidiki. Zvadaro vakaenda mumakwikwi akasiyana uye vakaonekwa semasangano ehurumende. Mukukwikwidza kunonyanya kukwikwidza kukunda kwechidiki, asi panguva ino vamwe vatambi vatove vachikwikwidzana mumakwikwi evanhu vakuru uye kunyange pamitambo yeOlympic.

Mukuru wekutanga anotanga munyika dzakasiyana

Ikutanga yeWorld Athletics Championships muboka "junior" (yezera - risina makore anopfuura 19) rakaitwa pasi pemasangano eIAAF muAthens (Greece) muna 1986. Kuwedzera kwechiitiko chacho - makore ose maviri. Muna 2016, vakabata mitambo iyi inoshamisa, inonakidza pakati pevechidiki munyika yedu, muguta reKazan (Russia). Vakomana vaduku nevanasikana vaduku vatotopinda mumapoka eOlympics munyika dzavo uye vanomiririra pamakwikwi akawanda emarudzi ose mumitambo yavo yemitambo.

MuEurope, makwikwi aya akatanga kutorwa zvishomanana nyika isati yasvika. MuWarsaw (Poland) muna 1964, yekutanga, asi zvisati zvambofunga nezvepamutemo, mitambo uye mimwe mitambo mu "junior" kirasi (kusvika pamakore makumi maviri) yakaitwa. Zvadaro European Federation yakatora basa pamusoro pekutanga uku. Uye kare muna 1970 muColombo (France) mitambo yakagamuchirwa kubva kuhurumende iyo mamiriro ehurumende nenguva yekubata makore ose maviri.

Mirairo yekuitisa

Nguva yacho haisi pakarepo. Kakawanda nguva dzose vakapfuura muhafu yepiri yaJuly. Sezvo chaizvoizvo vatori vechikamu vemakwikwi vacho vangave vari kutoshanda vadzidzi avo vanofanira kupedza mavhenekeri uye zvirongwa, kana vechidiki vakanga vachiri kugadzirira kupinda mune dzidzo dzepamusoro. Vanofanira kuva nenguva yekugadzirira nekuzorora kusvikira gore idzva rekuchikoro.

Nhanho dzekuvandudza

Mukufamba kwemazuva, kuEurope kutanga-ups kwaiiswa kune zvakasiyana siyana kuchinjwa. Semuenzaniso, pamberi pa1989 pakanga paine mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yeboka "juniors". Nguva yevechidiki haifaniri kudarika makore makumi maviri, uye vasikana vakagamuchirwa kusvika makore makumi mana. Kubva muna 2000 kusvika muna 2005, nechisarudzo chekusimudzirwa, IAAF yakaderedza uremu hwemukati wevatengesi, pamwe chete ne disc uye nyundo yevanokanda, uye kukwirira kwezvipingamupinyi mukumhanya kwemamita 110 nemiganhu. Kusvikira panguva ino, mumitambo iyi yemitambo yevatambi vechidiki mitambo yemitambo yeOlympic uye kukwirira kwezvipingamupinyi zvakashandiswa, semakwikwi evanhu vakuru.

Mirairo yekubata makwikwi pakati pejuni

Nyika imwe neimwe kubva panguva yechipikisano inogona kuratidzira vatori vechikamu maviri kune imwe chirongwa chepurogiramu, uye kubvira muna 2003, zvipingamupinyi zvakawedzerwa kune vanhu vatatu. Panguva ino, makwikwi eEurope anotamba mararamiro pakati pejuni muzvidzidzo makumi mana zve Queen of Sports. Mapoka emakwikwi emarudzi ayo ari nhengo dzeEuropean Federation of Athletics dzinobvumirwa. Mumazhizha e 2017 makwikwi evhidhiyo emakwikwi aya pakati pejuni achaitirwa muguta reGrosseto (Italy).

Kubvira muna 1986 muAsia pane mauto emakambani pakati pejuni. MuAlgeria, kubvira muna 1994, pamwe nemakwikwi kwemakore maviri ose, kunewo makwikwi pakati pevechidiki vezera rakakura.

MuAmerica, tanga mapurisa maviri. Kubva muna 1974, Federation of Athletics muCentral America neCaribbean yave iine michupiti yevaduku. Kutanga kwekutanga kwakaitika muVenezuela. Uye muSudbury (Canada), kubva muna 1980, pasi pezvinyorwa zvePan American Athletics Association, makwikwi maduku akatanga kutangwa.

Uyu mukurumbira anozivikanwa zvikuru wezera remazuva ano mumitambo, iyo yakapinda mumutambo mukuru, ikava mutori wenyika yose mumutambo wemamita zana nemakumi maviri, boka rinotarisa rutsva kusvika kumamita zana, ndiko Usain Bolt (wokuJamaica). Iyi nhoroondo inoziva nyika yose. Iyo yakanyorwa mumatombo makuru ane nhoroondo yenyika yemamita 200 - 20.13 seconds, yakagadzwa muna 2003 mubukwata muBridgetown (Barbados). Nhasi, "mheni yemunhu" yave yakawedzerwa kune mazita akakura evanhu vane rekodhi.

Mune dzimwe nyika, kune zvikoro zvose zvekudzidzisa vechidiki vechidiki. MuKiev (Ukraine) kubva muna 2014 kambani "Junior Sports" inoshanda.