KuGenoa Conference

England, kutsvaka nzira kubva dambudziko, vaifanira kudzokera Russia somunhu mutengi pamusoro musika nyika. KuGenoa Conference akapa mukana. British Prime Minister Lloyd George akaita kutenderana convening ari musangano, iyo pamwe chete Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary uye Austria vakanga vakokwawo vamiririri Russia.

Zvisinei, mutongo uyu akaita maitiro ari madenderedzwa kweFrance unopinza okutsutsumwa. Rinoitei uye utsinye mafungiro kurutivi rutsva, Soviet, Russian, uye kutya pakupora German. Cabinet Briard aifanira kuwa. Post mutungamiriri wehurumende akanga Puankre. Vasingakwanise kutaura pamusoro vakaronga musangano yakazarukira (chibvumirano kuungana yakapiwa), akasarudza kumbosendeka musi, achitsvaka mukana anongoerekana kwokupedzisira Kuparara.

In London rimwe gwaro yakatumwako mashoko nezvomukana kutora chikamu kwe France chete chiitiko yeRussia ose ezvinhu ose Cannes chisarudzo kubviswa kuchinja zvibvumirwano Germany nedzimwe nyika akakundwa. Russia aifanira kubvuma zvose yapfuura zvikwereti, akataridza neropafadzo navatorwa kupinda uye kubvumira capitalists marudzi kuitisa vakasununguka mabasa ari munharaunda yayo. Chaizvoizvo, zvakaita pamusoro kuisa muRussia ( "renje, anosimbisa Council") tipe hwechiKomonisiti.

Nedzenyu rinoshamisa akabudirira. Reactionary yeChina muEngland vaityira akazvimiririra kwakadzama pakati Russia uye France, Usatenda chakapiwa. On chisarudzo sei nechido kunokurumidza kugarwa zvinhu kuMiddle East: vaGiriki, vachitsigirwa Britain, akakundwa zvakajeka.

Conference muBoulogne, musi 25.02.1922, rinorondedzerwa zvachose: kuGenoa Conference zvaitombova. Panguva ino, muLondon akaunganidza musangano nyanzvi kukurukura zvekushandisa, upfumi uye dzezvematongerwo enyika. Yaiva kutanga kwezvisikwa yakabatana pamberi Britain uye France pamusoro neSoviet.

Asi nezvibvumirano French ndisingadi kugara pane kubvumira England. Zvichitevera chinangwa chacho chaiva kusika munhu Anti-Soviet mberi mune reBaltic munyika. 17 March pakati kuEstonia, Latvia, Finland, uye Poland ari akasaina imwe kondirakiti. Chaizvoizvo Its haana kugumisa zvibvumirano kuti anogona kunangana rimwe signatory kunyika, uye ziviso pamusoro nevatsigiri pamusoro kwemamiriro zvibvumirwano nedzimwe inoti (kusvikira rugwaro zvibvumirano izvi). Chokwadi, isu zvakare akaenda Russia.

Asi France haana kukwana. ari kuGenoa Conference aigona sei wakaitwa pamberi chikwata Anti-Soviet vachabatana uyewo Little Entente?

MuBelgrade, akagadza mumwe musangano rokutanga, pashure izvo mushumiri Czechoslovakia Behnisch anopinda wokutanga Paris uye zvadaro London, ukataura kuzivikanwa anopa Puankre, maererano izvo Conference pakati kuGenoa haadi kukurukura nyaya yokugadzirisa uye runyararo zvibvumirano, uye kuwedzera, runosanganisirawo kusashandisa kuziva nehurumende yeSoviet. Zvisinei, Belgrade inotsigira chido Lloyd George kudzorera kutengeserana ukama Russia, ndapota kudzivisa hasha kurwisa. Pashure pekukurukura refu, zvakanga zvakabvumiranwa.

The kuGenoa Conference pakupedzisira yaizotongwa April 10 uye kusvikira 19 May pamberi vamiririri venyika 29: Union of South Africa, New Zealand, India, Austria, Canada, Estonia, Japan, Switzerland, Sweden, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Umambo vokuSlovenia, vokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia, Romania, Portugal, Poland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Italy, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Denmark, Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, Great Britain, Austria uye Russian Federation (basa rinotungamirirwa Lenin pamwe nemutevedzeri Chi Yerin). The United States akaramba kubatanidzwa.

Asi musangano kuGenoa akaenda kwete kutarisirwa "mhiri" ari nedzenyu mberi. The divi Soviet akazivisa kuti anoona upfumi pamwe, asi hakuzochinji mirawu communism. Russia aicherechedza uye, pfungwa, akaziva Cannes chisarudzo, asi vaida kuchengetera kodzero kuti yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita mukutsinhana kupa vakapfuma tobvuma kuti dzimwe capitalists, achinongedza panguva hazvibviri kudzorera upfumi mumamiriro ezvinhu ose dangling ngozi hondo. Made parutivi Soviet ari kupfimbwa kuti zvombo kwakavhiringidza.

Bart akaratidza besano pachena. Other Vamiririri, sokuti kuti chemumwe pfungwa, vachitya kutaura pachena. France oga.

Long kusawirirana uye pachinzvimbo aomerwe vakamanikidza nhume German kuti-chinja. Achityira mukana chibvumirano pakati Russia uye Entente, Germany asarudza nemasaini Rapallo Treaty, kuputsa mhete akapoteredza Russian zvoupfumi blockade. Vatsigiri vakateerera nokukurumidza Kusagutsikana kuti nhume German vakatanga kukurudzira Russia kuti mudzorere akasaina chibvumirano, asi chokwadi, akanga aramba.

Uyezve, vanhu vokuSoviet vakagamuchira fomu kuziva pre-hondo zvikwereti mukutsinhana chikwereti Kudzimwa emauto (uye mubereko), uye nourongwa rubatsiro rwemari kuRussia.

Pavaikurukura of vaitaura Soviet zvakunowedzera backstage kurwisana pakati anokwikwidza mafuta nevhu rakawandisa - American uye Anglo-Dutch, nemhaka iyo inova gwaro zvinodiwa kubva Russian Anti-capitalist anoparadzirwa kugumiswa (pakati Anti-Soviet anoparadzirwa chinyararire); kuramba vasina kwavakarerekera muhondo Greek-Turkish; kuziva zvose asi chikwereti uto; kukuvadza pashure nokubvuta.

Belgium uye France kunge vaiona zvemupiro gwaro iri zvisingagamuchirwi nyoro uye kusaina.

Vanhu vokuSoviet vakabvuma gwaro kwapera mazuva mashomanana, achiti yaitsigira divi kuramba kubva anoparadzirwa hazvirevi inoenderana naye. Uyezve, Russia anoyeuka akatambanudzirwa pa yayo kukoka kumusangano mumiririri Turkey zvingangokanganisa mamiriro ezvinhu Asia. Panyaya chikwereti uye kuripira, pane kurutivi Russian akasiyiwa dzimire yake. Uyezve, panyaya akaitwa pakagadzwa Joint basa, izvo raizoita kuti kugadzirisa gakava nyaya.

KuGenoa Conference of 1922 rakanga pedyo kukundikana nokuda intransigence of Entente. Lloyd George, mhosva kukanganisa musangano anotya, akabata chokupedzisira pfungwa yacho gwaro Soviet uye vakapa zvichiri kugadza komiti, iyo ichakurukura zvichiitika kusanzwisisana. Inotorwa nguva pakuunganidza makomisheni maviri (kubva Russian uye vasiri Russian) akagadzwa June 1922. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, yakanga pfungwa yokurega kurwiswa zvose uye mabasa yaiparadza. On kuita chisarudzo ichi, kuti kuGenoa Conference uye pamusoro.