The Trojan hondo

Chikonzero Trojan War, chikazozikamwa, zvinoita sokuti Zvisinei, kunyange mudzidzi, vanoti mashoko mashoma pamusoro zvichiri zvakakodzera. Uye vanofanira kutanga kubva kumuchato KARAMOKO, gungwa mwarikadzi uye gamba Peleus. Muchato uyu rainzi anenge vamwari vose, kunze kwechinhu chimwe chete diki: Eris, mwarikadzi kupesanisa, vakasarudza kukoka. Uye, zvikuru sezvingatarisirwa, iye vakagumburwa kwaita zvinhu. Eris ndiyo inozivikanwa majee ayo akaipa, uye nguva ino haana kudzosa pasi kubva tsika dzavo. On mutambo tafura kwaiva kukanda yendarama apuro pamusoro zvakanyorwa, "Zvakanaka."

It kwakauraya musoro vanamwarikadzi vatatu: Athena, Aphrodite uye Hera. Zvino vakakundikana kugadzirisa gakava ravo pamutambo. Ipapo Zeus akarayira kusarudza Paris, muchinda Trojan, mwanakomana Priam. Mwarikadzi vakauya kwaari paakanga achifudza makwai kunze kwemasvingo guta uye akakumbirwa kubatsira, nechimwe vanamwarikadzi akavimbisa Paris mumwe kana mumwe mubayiro nokuda "kodzero" sarudzo. Hera akavimbisa Paris nesimba pamusoro Asia, Athena - kubwinya rechiuto, uye Aphrodite - rudo mukadzi akanaka, Helen.

Predictably, Paris akasarudza Aphrodite zvakarongeka. Helen aiva mudzimai Menelaus, mambo Sparta. Paris akasvika Sparta uye, vasingateereri mitemo vaeni, akatora naye Helen, pamwe varanda uye pfuma zvakachengetwa mumuzinda. Kudzidza uku, Menelaus ruyamuro rwevaparidzi munin'ina wake, Agamemnon, mambo Mycenae. Pamwe chete vakaunganidza mauto, iyo akabatana ose madzimambo namachinda, uyo panguva yavo zvamaronga kuti Helen, uye mhiko kuchengetedza yake nokukudzwa.

Saka vakatanga Trojan War. Tora guta nokukurumidza kwakakundikana nechisimba, sezvo akanga kwazvo kudzivirirwa. Kukomba yakaenderera mberi kwemakore 9 makore refu okuberekwa, asi vakawanda zvakazara tinoziva zviitiko okupedzisira 10 gore. Change kunotanga nguva apo Agamemnon hazvivapi achilles kuti nhapwa ake, Briseis. Aiva muprisitikadzi mutemberi Apollo, uye zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kudzokera, kudzivisa kutsamwa kwaMwari. Achilles akagumbuka uye akaramba uchuvstvovat zvimwe utsinye.

Kubvira uto zvachinja pamusoro nevaGiriki. No vezvitendero havana kubatsira, achilles akanga akasimba muchisarudzo chake. Chete munda sei Trojans vakaputsa mumusasa uye moto mumwe zvikepe, achilles akabvumira shamwari yake, Patroclus, kuchinja kwako dzokurwa vatungamirire boka ravarwi ake. Ivo akadzinga Trojans, asi mutungamiri wavo, mwanakomana mukuru Priam, maeka, akauraya Patroclus.

chiitiko ichi chakaita kuti nehasha achilles, uye iye kuwiriraniswa Agamemnon, akaenda vatsive vatadzi. Aiva nehasha zvokuti akauraya Hector, akasungirirwa chitunha chake kuti ngoro yake uye boka kakati guta. Uye nokukurumidza pashure kuti gamba pachake kuwana rufu rwake.

Urayai achilles aitenge, chokwadi ndechokuti amai pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa akaunyika panobva, wakamuita invulnerable. Asi kutiva, iye akabata pyatochku. Apollo chakaita Paris, kuti zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti varove chitsitsinho achilles.

Pashure porufu rwake, vaGiriki vakatanga kuudzawo dzake dzokurwa nadzo, vakati kuti magamba maviri: Odysseus uye Ajax. Somugumisiro, zvombo akaenda pakutanga, uye zvino Ajax akauraya pachake. Saka, hondo wechiGiriki aizorega kupiwa mbiri vatambi. The Trojan War akasvika itsva pakachinja. To zvakare uku mumiti chikero avo nyasha, vaGiriki akadana rubatsiro maviri mamwe kutaurwa: Philoctetes uye Neoptolemus. Vakauraya mbiri vatungamiriri vasara mauto Trojan, pashure iyo yokupedzisira kurega kuenda kundorwa mumunda. Chengeta guta rakakombwa kunogona kuva refu kwazvo nguva, uye saka Odysseus, famed nokuda nemanomano ake, vataurira kunyengera Trojans. Iye zvinganaka kuvaka bhiza hombe repuranga uye uuye nayo sechipo kunokomba guta, uye iye sokuti dzinoshambira. VaGiriki vakapisa musasa, vakakwira zvikepe zvavo uye nechikepe pedyo headland.

Trojans vakasarudza anodhonzera bhiza muguta, asingazivi kuti ari mudumbu rake akavanda yakanakisisa hondo nevaGiriki. Priest Laocoön akayambira vagari vari kutarisira dambudziko, asi hapana akateerera. Pamasuwo bhiza haana kupfuura uye Trojans vakaputsa kwemudhuri. Usiku yehondo yakabuda kubva mudumbu bhiza, regai guta vaGiriki vanenge vadzoka. Vakauraya varume vose nevakadzi nevana vakabatwa. Saka akagumisa Trojan War.

Akawanda emashoko pamusoro chiitiko ichi, takadzidza kubva munhetembo "The rinonzi Iliad", vanhu vanonzi uko anonzi homeri. Zvisinei, iye zvino zvakanaka yakasimbiswa kuti, chaizvoizvo, ndiye Greek National yakakura, iro rinotaura vagere mumaguta, vaimbi vemo, aedy, uye Homer chaigadzirwa kupfuura inozivikanwa aedov, kana kungoti vakaungana mumba zvakasiyana zvimedu kupinda chimwe.

Kwenguva refu, Trojan War yakanga sechinhu ingano, yakanaka rungano, asi hapana zvimwe. Kunyanya, chikonzero ichi chaiva kuti zvakanga kuzivikanwa apo Troy, zvichireva kuti guta rino hariko.

Asi zvino matongo Genrih Shliman vakawana matongo Troy. Ipapo zvakava pachena kuti Trojan War, nhoroondo iri vakaudza mu "rinonzi Iliad", aiva chokwadi.