Novgorod kuMoscow nokubatana. In chii remakore raiva Great Novgorod riine Moscow

In pakati pezana XV remakore, rinokosha basa, izvo aifanira kutsungirira Ivan III, akanga yakatora kuMoscow Veliky Novgorod. Asi akanga asiri oga kurwa nyika. kodzero dzavo ivo uye vakaedza kuratidza Grand Duchy pamusoro Lithuania.

Pakutanga kunetsana

Hapana chakavanzika nhoroondo Moscow kwakaita ave zvakabatana chaizvo Novgorod. Midzi kunetsana kudzokera mukati feudal hondo kwakamuka pakati zvizvarwa Prince Dmitry Donskoy urwo rwakatora emakore - kubva 1425 kusvika 1453.

The chikuru anorwisana mapato aiva Vasiliy Temny uye Dmitry Shemyaka. Pashure pokukundwa muhondo kuti simba ndiwo okupedzisira utiziro Novgorod. Vasily Dark akabudirira 1449 kusaina mari pachavo kubata nomuchinda yechiLatvian mambo ipapo Polish Casimir IV kuti mumwe nomumwe mapato haangavi kugamuchira pamusoro munharaunda yayo enyika vavengi mumwe. Uyezve, Lithuania akabvuma kusiyira kurwisa Novgorod. Pashure 4 makore Basil achibatsirwa ake vanhu vakatendeka muchetura Shemyaka.

chibvumirano kuti yazhelbitsy

Nhoroondo Novgorod yakazara ropa hondo. Mumwe wavo akatora nzvimbo muna 1456 mune rimwe guta rinonzi Ruz. Ipapo Moscow mauto vaigona kutora zvikuru nyore uye akapotsa pasina kurwisa. Asi vakanga nokukurumidza kurwiswa Novgorod vamabhiza. Muscovites vachitungamirirwa gavhuna kwayo uye Striga Basenko akavanda seri pakakwirira nesinou. Vakatanga miseve kwete Novgorod varwi uye mabhiza avo. Paiva nyangarara. Novgorod vakapfeka rinorema dzokurwa, saka havana kurwa pamusoro ndima chete Muscovites. Somugumisiro, vakawanda boyars vakabatwa kana kuurayiwa.

Saka, Moscow akawana zvakakwana kukunda pamusoro Novgorod. Panguva iyoyowo nhamba yokutanga-party mauto akanga ka20 isingasviki yechipiri. Kwapera nguva Yazhelbitsy Vasiliy Temny akatora rekupinda, inotungamirwa Bhishopu Mukuru Novgorod Euthymius II nepfungwa kupedzisa runyararo chibvumirano. Kwapera Nhaurirano, mapato akasaina bilateral chibvumirano. Maererano naye, vakundwa aifanira kubhadhara Kumukundi imwe indemnity zvakakwana guru, zvinosvika 8 zviuru. Rubles. Asi va- Novgorod kuMoscow haana kutora nzvimbo. Iye akaramba akazvimirira.

Mamiriro pashure kwemamiriro runyararo

Nhoroondo Novgorod, anoti muna 1136 akava wokutanga chaizvo freestyle Republic iri munharaunda Kievan Rus. It akaita yegutsaruzhinji sangano yakadai Chamber. Waivapo kusvikira zviitiko zvakatungamirira kuti annexation pamusoro Novgorod kuMoscow. Asi, pasinei ichi, kwete vose vomunyika vakanga vachida rusununguko munyika yavo uye vaida kurwa nokuti.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kodzero zvavo vagari yevarombo kazhinji haakudzwi, uye varombo vakawanda, iyo yaisanganisira serfs, vose vakanga kunyimwa kodzero kuvapo muna Chamber. The musiyano pakati pevapfumi nevarombo wakanga wakakurisa, saka zvavo Novgorod havana chaizvo kundorwa muMoscow kodzero boyars.

Muna 1460 Grand Duke Vasily akauya rekupinda kuna Novgorod nokuda Nhaurirano. Asi vagari vakanga vachimupopotera uye kunyange vakaedza kumuuraya. Naizvozvo akaputsa mumwe kurwisana, rave marezinesi ne Bishop Jona, kutyisidzira vanhu Novgorod ari wechiTatar nechisimba pamwechete Muscovites.

3 Makore pashure kushanyira Novgorod Prince of Moscow, reRepublic akaramba rutsigiro rechiuto muPskov, anokumbira kuti amubatsire usabatwa kure yokurwiswa wokuLivonia Knights. Help rakabva Moscow. Zvadaro Novgorod akatora pachena hasha nzvimbo panyaya muPskov. Panguva ino, zvakanga ndakatsungawo kurwisana akachenjera wokuti Prince Ivan III.

kusawirirana itsva

Novgorod vepamusoro dzose nguva yakanga pasi kuramba kumanikidzwa kubva maviri pedyo inoti zvakakwana simba - Moscow uye Grand Duchy pamusoro Lithuania. Boyars vaiziva kuti kuchengeta yavo ichava zvinogoneka chete chiitiko kuti kubatana mumwe wavo.

Nhoroondo Moscow kwakaita inotaura chokwadi kuti gakava pamusoro penyika kubatana yaiva Novgorod. Namachinda akapikisa kuti kubatana pamwe Duchy pamusoro Lithuania, nokuti vaitarisira varambe neropafadzo yavo yose, apo zvavo vagari vakatsigira Moscow chamber, nekuti chiso chake vakavona, kunyanya mutongi Orthodox.

Zvinokonzera hondo

The chiitiko, waimira kuti kwidza muna May 1471 muna Novgorod Great, vaiva makuhwa zvichipomerwa kuratidza kuti vakawanda boyars, inotungamirwa Marfoy Boretskoy chirikadzi meya dzakasaina chibvumirano pamwe Lithuanian divi achitonga ari pasi paNebhukadhinezari. Vazhinji dzekare vanodavira kuti makuhwa ndivo chete chikonzero mhirizhonga. Asi panewo ndechokuti Novgorod akakumbirwa kuva ake muchinda Mutevedzeri Lithuanian. Mukuwedzera, vakatsvaka kusika zvakawanda yakazvimirira Moscow, chechi. Ndokusaka kurwisa Novgorod akawana hondo kuzorwa kutenda uye kudzorerwa Faith Orthodox mhando.

mumwe chirongwa

Panguva ino muchiuto chiito pamusoro Republic ndokunanga ari Moscow Prince Daniel Kholmsk. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti yaiva yakawanda ngozi, sezvo chirimo gore kuti vamire panze zvikuru chando, uye vazhinji havasati zvakanyunguduka chando aigona yekudyidzana kuderedza mberi mauto mberi. Asi kumbosendeka mushandirapamwe vakasagona. Zolotaya Orda uye Grand Duchy pamusoro Lithuania akanga akagadzirira kuuya kubatsira Novgorod.

Mumazuva mushandirapamwe mangwanani pakanga vanenge pasina kurwa. Moscow hondo effortlessly akakunda maguta nyika, mumwe pashure pomumwe. nechepakati-July chete yakaitirwa Shelonskoy pakurwa. Muhondo, varwi akabvuma Novgorod, zvinosanganisira 40 zviuru. Man, uye 12000th hondo muvengi. Pakupedzisira muhondo iyi takasarudza simba kurwisa Moscow vamabhiza. Havaratidzi yakarongwa Novgorod asingagoni kurwa yakakuwandira kwakadaro.

2 weeks pashure Shilonskoy hondo, paiva neimwe hondo pedyo Shilengi River. Paro raguma kukunda nokuda Muscovites. Ipapo kwakadzama runyararo Korostyn akatanga.

Migumisiro yacho nguva yekumbotaurirana

Somugumisiro, Novgorod aifanira kusiya patronage wePolish-Lithuanian King Casimir IV. Uyezve vakundwa akabhadhara vanenge 15 zviuru. Rubles, uye chaizvoizvo vakaziva ukuru Moscow muchinda. Naizvozvo chirongwa muna 1471 raiva zvinopfuura kubudirira. Akaratidza kuti vanhuwo vanhu Novgorod, mukusiyana kune boyars, vasingadi kurwa nevavakidzani vavo.

Part zvichaitirwa reRepublic atova foregone mhedziso. Asi kuguma Novgorod kubatana kuMoscow kuchaitika mushure kwemakore 7.

okupedzisira danidziro

Muchirimo 1477 haasi wokutanga Novgorod embasi pakasvika muMoscow. Asi wakatendeuka kubva kuti kutumwa vechem, uye tsama boyars. Vaida munhu kunokurumidza uye zvachose kuziva ushe Moscow, kuti aizovapa kodzero kuramba zvose munyika yayo uye upfumi. Izvi akadzidziswa Novgorod. Chamber unotevera shoma aifarira-Moscow boyars vakaurayiwa uye akasvika simba vatsigiri muchinda Lithuanian. Asi ushe yavo yakanga pfupi.

Muna October 1477 chaiva chokupedzisira kwidza muRepublic achitungamirirwa Ivan III. Panguva ino, uto Novgorod havana kubuda muguta. Yakatanga refu Nhaurirano. Pashure 2 months, ivo Muscovites vave kuisa mberi okupedzisira zvinodiwa. Vaisanganisira ari abolition mapango uye kugumiswa Posad Chamber kuvapo. With izvi zviviri zvinodiwa Novgorod akabvuma, asi kukurukura richengetedzwe vakakudzwa vavo Estates kunonoka. Pakupedzisira, vakanga vachiri kupa Muchinda Moscow wemamongi Vladychna nyika. Panguva iyi kwakadzama apera. January 15 Moscow muchinda ake boka racho, achiperekedzwa nevarwi vakapinda muguta pasina kurwa.

zvabuda

Munhau 1478 - gore accession pamusoro Novgorod kuMoscow. Hondo iri pakupedzisira pamusoro. nguva ino kwakanga kusina yaiuya, asi Knights vakawanda mhuri vakadzingwa Novgorod. Pakati pavo paiva uye Posadnitsa Marfa Boretskaya pamwe muzukurukomana wake. Gare gare, akanga tonsured sisita, uye zvake atorwe.

Apo Novgorod akanga yakatora kuMoscow, munyika dzose vakatanga kushandisa 4 gavhuna, uyo aiva nekodzero dzokurasa mugove yekutungamira kumatare. Trade, kurima uye indasitiri rava kuitwa aidzorwa hurumende itsva.

Utungamiri nevaikudzwa uye Chamber zvabviswa. Made Novgorod kuti rusununguko - Ungano bhero - nokubatwa. Kubvira ipapo, iye akava guta yechipiri, uye Muscovy muridzi yakawedzera kusvika 2-mudanga. Saka akagumisa nyaya Veliky Novgorod somunhu zvokuvhoterwa urwo rwakatora emakore anopfuura matatu.