Kusunungurwa Minsk muna 1944 kubva yechiFascist nechisimba

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha nzendo uto kuvhiyiwa kuitwa Belarus muna 1944, kwaiva kusunungurwa Minsk kubva nechisimba eNazi. Chinangwa charo chaiva kwete chete kwezvakatipoteredza, asi zvachose pemapoka kupfuura Wehrmacht, iri munharaunda. Uyewo, Red Army aiva basa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira kubvisa muvengi kubva guru Belarus. chiitiko ichi chinokosha chakaitika July 3, 1944. Munyika yanhasi Belarus haasi musi kusunungurwa Minsk, guta wenyika, asi national zororo - Independence Day.

Mamiriro pamberi oparesheni

Muna 1944, vatatu vanobudirira chaiye akavhiyiwa zvechiuto yaiitwa - Mogilev, Vitebsk, Orsha uye Bobruisk, zvakazoita chikamu 4th uye rechi9 wehondo weboka racho German "Center" akatendeuka akabuda kuti potse takapoteredzwa kwokubatana eSoviet. murayiro aHitler achitsigira mauto ake redeployed itsva mauto, chaisanganisira 4th, 5th uye rechi12 Panzer Division.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, rin'i kumativi vokuGermany akanyura, uye akanga akamirirwa kwenguva refu kusunungurwa Minsk aingova vhuu. Pakazopera zuva June 28 I. D. Chernyahovsky, zvikwata kazhinji 3rd chiBelorussia Front, akasvika Berezina River, nokudaro kufukidza muvengi kubva kuchamhembe. Uyewo, I. H. Bagramyan navarwi of 1st reBaltic dzakarwiwa hondo muna Polotsk muruwa. Panguva iyoyowo G. F. Zaharov navarwi iri 2nd Belarusian Front kurova muvengi kurutivi rwamabvazuva, uye KKRokossovsky nehondo yake - kubva kumaodzanyemba, wakati vakakundikana kusvika mutsetse Osipovichi - Svisloch - Kopatkevichi kana kumusoro pamusoro kuti Pripyat River. Vamwe mazhinji yeimwe vaitova makiromita ane zana kubva guta guru reRepublic.

anoronga vachiriita

The murayiro Soviet vakanzwisisa kuti unofanira kushanda nesimba kuti tive nechokwadi kuti kusunungurwa Minsk muna 1944 akava chaicho. Saka, musi June 28 akaisa chipfuro mwero Red Army - kuti vakombe uye kubvisa guru yechiFascist muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano. Kuti aite izvi, akaronga ehondo 1st uye 3rd chiBelorussia Fronts konzera Kupwanya matambudziko ari mauto eGermany vari kure neguta. Panguva iyoyo inopa mukana mberi mberi kumavirazuva kubatana 2nd Byelorussian. Somugumisiro, masimba pamusoro fronts zvose zvinobatanidzwa mukushanda vaifanira vakombe wokutanga, uye ipapo kuparadza Minsk zvose boka yomuvengi.

Panguva iyo Red Army akanga, pasina kumbomira, kutamira zvishoma nezvishoma kusvikira kumavirira, nokudaro inorambidza muvengi mauto uye achivapa kubatanidza pamwe Minsk boka. Kwakadaro Soviet divi zviito rokusika zvinhu zvakanaka haizopereri kurwisa kuKaunas, Siauliai uye Warsaw nharaunda.

Zviito 3rd Belarusian

June 28 Supreme Command akanga zvakataurwa mune yakaronga chokuita pamberi rakanga kuti pakarepo kuyambuka rwizi Berezina, uye ipapo uchatanga akurumidze mberi nenzira mbiri - kusvikira guru Belarus uye Molodechno. Huru furidza yakanga zvainanga kusunungurwa Minsk kubva vanopinda nechisimba eNazi apfeka mauto 31 vakasuwa 5 ndipo uye 11 fung Army uye 2nd Tank Corps.

Zuva rakatevera, akura yokuzviparadzanisa of Red Army akakwanisa andobata bridgeheads wandei pamusoro Berezina River uye achigogodza muvengi zvipingamupinyi, tamirai muimba chinhambwe 5, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo, uye 10 km. Zvisinei, atarisana vakasindimara kurwisa kwakaita vokuGermany, mauto eSoviet vaiita rinorema kurwa. Hazvina kuti chikonzero ichi kuti manheru musi wa29 June, Red Army akanga chete kuyambuka rwizi.

Panguva iyoyowo nevarwi 5th Army pasi murayiro Krylov havasi zvokurega vayambuka Berezina uye kusimbiswa pamhenderekedzo, tora bridgeheads shoma. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kukwidziridzwa pamusoro Red Army, chinangwa chikuru chakanga kusunungurwa Minsk, vakabatsira dzakawanda remagandanga vezvikwata kuti pamwero mukuru. Havana chete akaratidza kupfuura zvakanaka uye pfupi mugwagwa achimhanya nemumasango uye marshland, asi rakabatsirawo kufukidza pachiuno kweuto convoys uye kuramba kudzivirira kuyambuka.

zvinouraya yokurwisana

Kusunungurwa Minsk (1944) Akaperekedzwa ane hasha zvikuru nemishonga kubva kurutivi German. Pasava nokukurumidza chinotangira rechi11 Army pasi murayiro Galician. Ndokusaka nemauto eSoviet muna Krupki mudunhu - Holopenichi dzakamanikidzwa kuita mukurwisana nokuda zuva rose. Pano Red akarambidza 5th Panzer, uye zvakasara 95th uye rechi14 kupesana. Chinangwa yechiFascist murayiro chaiva kudzivisa budiriro yeSoviet mauto Borisov ane simba pfungwa vokuGermany pamusoro Berezina rwizi uye kufukidza nzira Belarusian guta.

Uyewo, Soviet 5th Panzer Army akatungamirira tsamwisa achitevedza mugwagwa kuna Minsk. Pashure paizvozvo iye asvika Berezina River kurutivi rwokumusoro Borisov. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nepavanogona zviito kwematangi pasi murayiro Rotmistrov, uye inoshanda tsamwisa 2nd Tatsinskiy muviri akabvumira nevarwi yechi31 Army rimwe zuva mberi kusvika 40? Km uye kuenda Beaver River chete kumaodzanyemba musha Krupki.

The kuyambuka Berezina River

Kupiwa zvakakwana chivimbo mberi Soviet kune Belarusian guru, zvaibvira rurefu mwero chivimbo kuti kusunungurwa Minsk muna 1944, akanga anenge kufanorongwa. June 30 huru ehondo Red Army asvika Berezina River uye akayambuka nayo. 5th Army akawedzera midzi yawo uye akaenda vanyura German kudzivirira pane chinhambwe 15 km, uye 3rd michini Corps, anenge kuparadza muvengi veshure akatora Pleshchenitsy, saka avhara mugwagwa Borisov - Vileyka. Somugumisiro nezviito izvi, mauto eSoviet akasika nengozi mumwe pachiuno uye rwemberi muvengi Borisov muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano.

Ita zvose zvaunogona, rechi11 Guards Army achiri nokururamisira vakakurumidza vakatyora yomuvengi nemishonga, akasvika Berezina, uye pakupedzisira akakwanisa kumanikidza rwizi. Panguva iyoyo, kupesana Soviet vadarika vokuGermany kubva parutivi kuruboshwe uye takatamira Borisov. Somugumisiro, kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva eguta vakatanga kurwa. Panguva iyo kwematangi Rotmistrov akaenda kurwisa kumabvazuva Borisov.

The Feat of tangi yeSoviet

Mukushanda, ane chinangwa chikuru chaiva kusunungurwa Minsk kubva vaNazi aida anenge uremu heroism kudivi varwi Soviet. Sezvo June 30, mumwe tangi platoon Paul Cancer rinoumbwa motokari ina, akarayirwa kuti ipazwe Borisov uye zvodii kuti abate sokuvapo guta havana kupinda huru ehondo 3rd michini Corps. Zvose basa vaunoshanda akaita womubati T-34. Matangi chechipiri nechechitatu Yunaev uye Kuznetsov akagogodza panze kare, mumwe motokari nomoto pamusoro zambuko pamusoro rwizi Berezin, pakwakanga dzakapiswa vokuGermany kuyambuka ichi. All nemauto Red Army vakaurayiwa.

maawa anopfuura 12 vashandi pamusoro VP kenza, izvo zvaisanganisira redhiyo opareta-murwi A. Danilov uye mutyairi A. Petryaev, akaramba zvokutamburira. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti yokumbozorora pakati motokari Soviet warrior akakonzera kunyonganiswa mu ravarwi yomuvengi, uye zvikuru zvakabatsira kuti mangwanani vasunungurwe Borisov. Heroes vaiva, kusvikira ichangopfuura, kana kubvisa kwavari vokuGermany akatuma dzakawanda dzepabonde pfuti uye dzehondo. Crew P. Cancer akafa umhare rufu. Gare gare, vava paakavapa soro uto chinzvimbo Hero of Soviet Union. vanhu ivavo vakashinga muna guru yaitonga aiva mugove. Nokuti kusunungurwa Minsk nemamwe maguta vakapa upenyu hwavo zvakanaka vanakomana Yababa. Raiva guru zvechokwadi heroism.

zvimwe ushambadzi

Murayiro German akakwanisa kuronga pamusoro nzira kuna Borisov vamwe vakanaka simba pakaunda-kurwisa, asi havana kushanda vasina maturo kunyange pakatanga hondo pakati German Air Force. Muvengi ndege dzichibhururuka mapoka motokari 18, vakaedza kumisa nemauto eSoviet kuyambuka Berezina. Asi Soviet kurwisa ndege uye Ndege inoratidza nokurohwa simba komuvengi pachavo vakarwisa kuzara michini neNazi pedyo Borisov.

Somugumisiro kurwa musi waJuly 1, Red Army akayambuka Berezina River uye guta. Borisov muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano of Wehrmacht vakakundwa. Chokwadi ichi idanho pedyo kusunungurwa Minsk kubva nechisimba eNazi. Zvisinei, mazuva maviri vanoda nemauto eSoviet kuti aite basa iri.

Kudzoka Belarusian guru

Usiku, July 3, pamberi wavarwi akarayira kusunungurwa Minsk Chernyakhovsky 31st Army, iyo 2nd michini Corps uye pamwe Panzer Army pasi murayiro Rotmistrov. Mangwanani vakapinda kurwa kumabvazuva uye kuchamhembe kweguta, uye kubudikidza 7.30 mauto eSoviet vakabudirira asvika payo. Kwapera maawa maviri, guta guru Belarus, waisakurwa reNazi varwi.

1944 - gore kusunungurwa Minsk - akakunda zvechokwadi Red Army. Three zvisingaperi, vagari chakasakara uye akaseka guta achimirira zuva apo mauto eSoviet pakupedzisira kupinda osunungura kubva pajoko Nazi. Ivo vachiri akamirira uye akamira nokukudzwa muhondo iyi dzisakarurama!