Kuyera kwekambani yebhasikiti. Dare reBucketball: kucherechedza, mufananidzo

Kusvika zvino, basketball ndeimwe yemitambo yakakurumbira uye inoshamisa. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuvimbisa kuti vatambi vemapikisano anokwikwidzana vanofamba-famba panzvimbo yacho, vachitungamirirwa nemitemo inokosha, uye vanokanda mabhora akawanda sezvinobvira mumabhasiki akaiswa pamabhodhi.

Dare rebhasikiti

Munda uri mumutambo uyu unobhururuka hupamhi hwepamusoro uye hwakaoma. Hazvifanirwe kuva nezvipingamupinyi kana projectiles kumativi ose.

Chero ipi zvayo yepamutambo yemitambo ine zvigaro zvayo, iyo inyoreswa mumutsetse wesangano rinoenderana. I International Basketball Association inonzi FIBA. Iine kodzero yekushandura zviyero zvebindu, urongwa, kureba kwehove, nezvimwe. Maererano neFIBA maitiro, kukwirira kwedare rebhaketi kunofanira kuva mamita makumi maviri nemashanu pakureba uye 15 muhupamhi. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvekushamwaridzana kumunda isati yakadzika uye yakaoma pamusoro. Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo yacho kunofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yakawanda inogamuchirwa uye kusinganamati, kuputsa uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi. Zvinotarisirwa kuti munda uri rutsanga muhupamhi hwemativi maviri kusvika ku1 Kare., Ukuru hwekambani yebhasikiti (yakasarudzwa kusvika muna 2011) yaive mamita anenge makumi matatu pakureba uye 15 - muhupamhi.

Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kubva pakuguma kwema1960, maererano nemitemo, mitezo yose yepamutemo inofanirwa kuitirwa munzvimbo yakavharwa. Kusvikira panguva ino, nhepfenyuro inogona kurongwa mumhepo.

Kuyera kwekambani yebhasikiti

Pamutambo mune nhovo mbiri nemabhasikiti uye zvinowirirana. Pamuganhu kunogona kuva fence nenzira yepamusoro fence (grid) kana rusvingo.

Kuyera kwebato rebhaketi kunoshandiswa kwevanhu vose kunofanira kunge kune mamita makumi maviri nemaviri pakureba uye zvingasvika 14 muhupamhi. Nokudaro, nzvimbo dzakasvibirira 30 kusvika 18 m dzinobvumidzwa.

Maererano nemitemo, kukanganisa kwakaenzana kwemasendimita 1-2 kunogona kubvumidzwa, asi pamitambo yakadaro, makwikwi ehurumende haagoni kuitwa. Uwandu hwematare ebhasikiti mune imwe chikoro kana yunivhesiti inogona kuenzana kubva pa12 kusvika ku 16 m muhupamhi uye kubva pa20 kusvika ku 28 mamita. Ichokwadi ndechokuti masunisheni uye maholo emitambo havasi pasi pasi pehutongi hweFIBA.
Nokuda kwekadiki-basketball, ukuru hworuvazhe mamita 18 murefu uye 12 - muhupamhi. Kusiyana kukuru pakati pemhando iyi uye iyo huru iri mumitambo yemitambo, iyo yakakodzera chete kuvana vaduku.

Kwemakwikwi ehurumende, ukuru wedare rebhasikiti inofanira kunge yakaita seyotevera: mamita gumi nemashanu uye mamiriyoni 28 kureba. Chiyero chinoitwa kubva kumucheto wemukati wemiganhu, iyo inogumira pakutamba nzvimbo yemunda. Kureba kweimba hakufaniri kuva pasi pemamita makumi manomwe, asi pamapuratifomu ezvigadzirwa ndeye tsika yekusimudza denga rekushaira uye chikwangwani chakarembera kusvika mamita gumi nemaviri uye pamusoro.

Imwe inokosha inodikanwa is luminescence. Zvakakosha kuti zvinyorwa zvaro hazvisi kupindira nekufamba kwevatambi uye bhora, uye chiedza chinofukidza yose yebindu pamwe chete nenhovo.

Kugadzika kwepuratifomu mubhasiketi

Iyo mitambo inogona kunge yakagadzirirwa muzvikamu zvishanu, izvo zvinorondedzerwa nehutano hwakakosha:

1. Mitsara inogadziriswa. Inoenderera mberi nechepakati pesaiti rese. Mitsara inofambidzana nehupamhi inonzi mutsara wakatarisana, uye izvo zviri pedyo nekureba kwemunda zvinonzi mazita ekutambisa.

2. Nzvimbo yepamusoro, iyo inotenderera. Chiyero chinoitwa kunze kwekunze kwekunze. Inoiswa mukati mebindu pamwe nekuremekedza kumativi ose mana. 3. Nheyo huru. Iyo inofananidzwa zvakananga nemasikati akajeka mitsara. Inotorwa kubva kune rumwe rutivi rutsva kuenda kune rumwe.

4. Mutsara wechitatu-pointer ishafu-ellipse. Ichokwadi, iyo yose basketball munda inzvimbo yemarefu-shot shots, kunze kwenzvimbo iri pedo nehove yomuvengi.

5. Mutsara wokukanda wakasununguka. Iyo inoshandiswa kune imwe nzvimbo yakafanana neyekutanga. Kureba kwayo kunogumira kune chikamu chechirango.

Mavara ose nemitsetse zvinofanira kuva zvakafanana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, pende yakachena inosarudzwa. Iwawo hupamhi hwomutsara maererano nehuwandu huri masentimita mashanu. Ita rehurukuro inofanira kunge yakajeka kubva kune chero ipi zvayo yenzvimbo.

Kubva: miitiro yakajairika

Dare rebhasikiti rinofanira kunge rakabva kune vataridzi, mabhenji ezvinyorwa, mabhodhi uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi ari kure nemamita 2 kana kupfuura. Deredzai mitambo yebasa uye mitsetse yakatarisana. Yokutanga inomiririra upamhi hwekwangwani, uye wechipiri - yakareba. Pakati pepakati pemitsetse, hapanofanira kuva nemakwikwi anozivikanwa, sezvakaita mubhora. Rutivi rwerutivi rwesaiti runogona kubva kubva 12 kusvika ku16 mamita, uye rutivi rwechipiri-kubva pamasere kusvika pamakumi matatu. Rutivi rukuru runoparadzanisa munda kusvika pakureba muzvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana. Inotakurwa kuburikidza nepakati pemiganhu yakananga yakananga uye inofanira kumira masendimita 15 kubva kune rumwe rutivi kumativi avo.

Nharaunda yepakati iri pakati pepadhi pamwe nekuremekedza imwe neimwe yemiganhu yekudzivirira. Nharaunda yayo kusvika kumuganhu wekunze kwendenderedzwa i 1.8 mamita.

Mutsara wokutora

Pamberi pemakwikwi ehurumende iyo FIBA Inotarisa kunyanya kukosha kwekuongororwa kwenharaunda. Kuenzanisira kwedare rebhasikiti nehukuru hwakatsanangurwa mumitemo inofanira kunyatsoteerera mitemo nemitemo yenyika yakagamuchirwa muna 2011.

Maererano nemitemo iyi, nzvimbo inotatu inofanira kuve yakakwana kumitsara miviri yakafanana iyo inotanga uye inoguma kune rimwe rutsva. Icho chinonyanya kukodzera chinofanira kunge chaiva kure nematanhatu 6.25 mamita kubva pakati pebhakiti repikisi. Rutivi pakati pemakona ekupindirana kwemashoko matatu uye mitsetse yapamberi i175 m.

Rusununguko rusununguko rwunosanganisira nzvimbo dzisingabvumirwi, izvo zvinonzi semicircles neyeta ye 3.6 mamita. Yakaratidzwa paruvanze nemutsara wakatsetseka kubva mukati uye wakasimba - kunze (kunze kwemuvengi). Pakati penharaunda iri pakati pekutengesa, iyo yakareba 3.6 m Kubva munzvimbo ino, inokanda inoitwa mushure mekuputswa kwemuvengi. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti mutsetse wekodzero unofanira kunge uri kure nemamita 5.8 kubva pamucheto wekutanga. Muchikwata kune rimwe rondedzero - nzvimbo yekukanda. Kubva munharaunda iyi, vatambi vanoita zvikwereti zvakagadziriswa kune muvengi. Mutsara wekutanga wenharaunda yacho inofanira kuva kubva pakatarisana kusvika kure 1.75 mamita. Inogadzirisa nzvimbo yacho kusvika paupamhi hwe 85 cm.Zvino inzvimbo isingarereki ine mheta ye 0.4 mamita. Chimwe chimwe chikamu chechipiri chikamu 85 cm. Imwe yemiganhu inofanira kuva 10 masentimita kwenguva refu.

Bhenchi reboka panzvimbo

Dare rebhasikiti, pamwe nechekuri kutamba, rinosanganisira nzvimbo dzevanodzidzisa uye vanotsiva. Nzvimbo dzebhenchi dzinofanira kunge dziri pane rumwe rutivi seyetare yemunyori.

Mitsara yemiganhu yerefu mamita 2. Zero dzemabhenji anogona kuva rectangle kana kukwereka.

Zvakakosha kuti nzvimbo yekusarura iripo kubva panzvimbo iyo iri kure nemamita 2 kana kupfuura, uyewo - inenge 1 m kubva kuvaridzi uye mabhodhi.

Optimal coverage

Dare rebhasiki rakakosha ipasi, rakaoma pasi apo vatambi vanogona kufamba-famba pasina zvipingamupinyi. Nokudaro, kumunda, kugovera kunokosha. Inofanira kuva yakasimba uye yakasununguka, sezvo chikwata chiri nguva dzose ichiona mutoro nenzira yezviputi. Iyo micheka inogona kugadzirwa nemhando dzakasiyana, asi inowanzove rubber uye parquet. Zvakakosha kuti nzvimbo yacho inogara yakasimba uye inopesana nezvimwe zvinhu. Nokudaro, kazhinji kacho yakashandiswa kuputira rubber, sezvo iri pasi rose uye isina mvura. Ukuwo, rumwe rutivi, parquet inofungidzirwa kuti yakasununguka uye yakatendeseka.

Chifukidzo chacho chakaiswa mumatanho maviri: kutanga bhoksi yenhandare yebhasiki inogadzirwa, saka mabasa ekugadzira anoitwa panzvimbo yayo.

Inotsigira uye nhovo

Kuenzanisa uye zviyero zvebato rebhasikiti zvinoenderanawo nekuvakwa kwebhakketi. Inotsigira inofanirwa kuva kubva kumutsara wekutanga mumamita 2. Zvichengetedzwa mukusiyana nemasvingo uye chikwata pachako inzwi. Inotsigira inofanira kuvharwa nezvinhu zvidziviriro kusvika kune yakakwirira mamita 2.15 mamita.

Zvivharo zvakagadzirwa nematanda kana girasi rakasimba rine hupamhi hwemasentimita matatu. Kukura - 1.8 ne 1.1 mamita. Iyo yakaiswa panzvimbo yakakwirira ye 2.9 m kubva panzvimbo. Yakaratidzwa pakati pekwangwani nemativi akadai: horizontally - 59 cm, vertically - 45 cm.